卷八·第 495–505 问　胜星、海兹、喜乐、被围、空亡与入相的成败

§495. What is the mubtazz?

第四百九十五问　何谓胜星？

The mubtazz is the victor, and it is either absolute or restricted. The absolute is the strongest of the planets at the time and the one with most testimonies in its place with respect to the horizon and the planets. The restricted is the strongest of them, the best in condition and the one with most testimony over one of the assigned matters that are ascribed to the twelve houses.

胜星就是得胜者，它或是绝对的，或是有限定的。绝对的胜星是当时诸行星中最强的，在相对于地平与诸行星的本位上见证最多的那颗。有限定的胜星，是对归于十二宫的某一件指定之事最强、状态最好、见证最多的那颗。

§[495a]. What are the ḥayyiz and the ḥalb?

第［四百九十五附］问　何谓海兹与哈勒卜？

They are close in meaning and share it. A diurnal planet being above the earth by day and beneath it by night, and a nocturnal planet the reverse of that, above the earth by night and beneath it by day: this is the ḥalb. When to this is added a masculine planet being in a masculine sign and a feminine planet in a feminine one, that is the ḥayyiz, which is more general than the ḥalb. Abū Maʿshar added to it the matter of the masculine and feminine degrees. Mars differs from the planets in the matter of the ḥayyiz, because he is both masculine and nocturnal: so when he is above the earth by night and beneath it by day, in a masculine sign, he is in his ḥayyiz.

它们意思相近而相通。昼星白天在地上、夜里在地下，夜星与此相反，夜里在地上、白天在地下：这就是哈勒卜。若再加上阳性行星在阳性星座、阴性行星在阴性星座，那就是海兹，它比哈勒卜更宽。阿布·马谢尔又给它加上阳性度数与阴性度数之事。火星在海兹之事上与诸行星不同，因为他既是阳性的又是夜性的：所以他夜里在地上、白天在地下，又在阳性星座时，就在他的海兹之中。

§496. What is the mumākara?

第四百九十六问　何谓穆马卡拉？

It is close to the opposite of the ḥayyiz. It is a diurnal planet being in the sign of a nocturnal planet while that planet is in the sign of a diurnal planet; or a nocturnal planet being in the sign of a diurnal planet while that one is in the sign of a nocturnal planet.

它近似于海兹的反面。它是一颗昼星在一颗夜星的星座里，而那颗夜星又在一颗昼星的星座里；或者一颗夜星在一颗昼星的星座里，而那颗又在一颗夜星的星座里。

§497. What is the joy of a planet?

第四百九十七问　何谓行星的喜乐？

The planets rejoice in strength and authority, and are glad at being in their portions. They rejoice in whichever of their two houses they like better, which we have mentioned; they rejoice in being in their ḥalb or their ḥayyiz; they rejoice in distance from the Sun together with advancing, as the upper planets when eastern and the lower when western, in direct motion; they rejoice in the quarters that belong to them, of east and west, north and south; they rejoice in certain houses, as we have set out before in the tables of the houses; and they rejoice in the quarters reckoned from the horizon, the upper planets rejoicing in the two increasing quarters and the two lower planets in the two decreasing quarters.

行星以力量与权柄为乐，以在自己的份额之中为喜。它们喜在两个庙中较中意的那一个，这我们已经提过；喜在自己的哈勒卜或海兹之中；喜在离开太阳并且前进之时，如上行星东出、下行星西入，都在顺行中；喜在属于它们的东西南北诸方；喜在某些宫中，如我们先前在诸宫之表里所列的；也喜在从地平量起的诸象限中：上行星喜在两个增长的象限，两颗下行星喜在两个减损的象限。

§498. What are advancing and retreating?

第四百九十八问　何谓前进与后退？

Advancing is being in the angles, for they are the indicators of coming-into-being and resemble balance in nature; retreating is being in the cadents, for they are the indicators of corruption and of departure from balance. Being in those that follow the angles passes beyond the limit of the middle between the two states toward advancing, for they are like one making his way toward it from retreating. The state of advancing and of retreating varies according to the difference of the angles and of what follows them in honour and excellence, and the difference of the cadents in obscurity and baseness. Thus the third and the ninth are cadent, while the sixth and the twelfth, besides being cadent, are fallen away from the ascendant.

前进是在四角，因为它们是生成的象征，近似于自然中的均衡；后退是在果宫，因为它们是败坏与偏离均衡的象征。在随角之宫里，超过了两种状态之间的中点而偏向前进，因为它们像是从后退朝它走去的人。前进与后退的状态，随四角与随其后诸宫在尊荣与优劣上的不同、以及果宫在幽暗与卑下上的不同而变化。所以第三宫与第九宫是果宫，而第六宫与第十二宫除了是果宫之外，还与上升点落空。

§499. What is besieging?

第四百九十九问　何谓被围？

It happens by the two sides: a planet is besieged between two planets when one of them is in its second and the other in its twelfth. It happens by body in one sign, which is that the planet is between two planets in its own sign, one of them with fewer degrees than it and the other with more degrees than it. And it happens by rays, in that the planet is in its sign with the ray of one planet before it and the ray of another planet behind it. Besieging between two malefics is the utmost of badness, and between two benefics the utmost of goodness.

它凭两侧发生：一颗行星被围在两颗行星之间，其中一颗在它的第二宫，另一颗在它的第十二宫。它也凭星体在同一星座里发生，即这颗行星在自己所在的星座里处在两颗行星之间，一颗度数比它少，另一颗度数比它多。它也凭光线发生，即这颗行星在它的星座里，前面有一颗行星的光线，后面有另一颗行星的光线。被围在两颗凶星之间是坏的极致，在两颗吉星之间是好的极致。

§500. What is suspicion?

第五百问　何谓嫌疑？

Every planet upon which the misfortunes have gathered, and badness of condition through combustion, retrogradation, detriment, fall, being cadent and being fallen away, with the malefics opposed to it and aspecting it with hatred, is suspect in indication and failing in privation. [text uncertain]

每一颗诸凶聚集其身、又因焦伤、逆行、陷、落、在果宫、落空而状态不佳，凶星又与它对冲、以敌意相照它的行星，在象征上可疑，在缺失上有亏。〔原文疑有讹误〕

§501. What are favour and recompense?

第五百零一问　何谓施恩与报恩？

When a planet is in fall, or in one of the wells, especially in signs in which it has no portion, it is like one imprisoned in dungeons and pits. If one of its friends, or its claimant, applies to it, takes it by the hand and helps it out of what it has fallen into, it is called one upon whom favour has been bestowed; until there happens to this benefactor the like of what had befallen the first, and the other comes upon it, so that it has recompensed it for its favour.

一颗行星在落中，或在某个井度之中，尤其在它毫无份额的星座里，就像被关在地牢与坑里的人。若它的某位朋友，或它的主张者，入相于它，拉住它的手，帮它从所落之处出来，它就被称为受了恩惠的那一颗；直到这位施恩者遭遇了先前那一颗所遭遇的同样之事，而另一颗来到它身上，于是它就报答了它的恩惠。

§502. What are the one of the right hand and the one of the left hand?

第五百零二问　何谓右手者与左手者？

The one of the right hand is the planet that is in the angle of the sky, with its sextile and its square both falling above the earth, and victory is ascribed to it. It has been said about the reason why Ṭāhir was surnamed Dhū al-Yamīnayn ('the one of the two right hands') that his indicator was so. The one of the left hand is the one that is in the sky, or whose sextile and square are both beneath the earth. [text uncertain]

右手者是在中天之角的行星，它的六分与四分都落在地上，胜利归于它。据说塔希尔号为「双右手者」的原因，就是他的征象星是这样。左手者是在天上的，或它的六分与四分都在地下的那一颗。〔原文疑有讹误〕

§503. What is emptiness of course?

第五百零三问　何谓行程空亡？

It is a planet that, while not fallen away from the aspect of the planets, does not apply to any planet so long as it is in its sign; so it is empty in course, whether or not it has had in that sign an application from which it has become free. It is called empty in course of application.

那是一颗行星虽未与诸行星的相照落空，但它在自己的星座里时不入相于任何行星；所以它在行程上是空的，无论它在那个星座里是否曾有一次已经脱离的入相。它被称为入相行程空亡。

§504. What is wildness of course?

第五百零四问　何谓行程野行？

It is a planet being fallen away from the aspect of all the planets from the first of its entering the sign until its leaving it, or from an assigned time until its leaving the sign. For the upper planets and the Sun this is altogether impossible, unless it is from an assigned time near to the leaving of the sign; for the Moon, among the lower planets, it is to be expected and frequent in occurrence. Were it not for the Moon, swift in course, it would be possible for Venus and Mercury to be wild in course when one of them is slow and the other fast. Some people make the Moon's being in the terms of the planets, when she is wild in course, stand in place of her application to them; but this is a flimsy opinion, doubtful and not established.

那是一颗行星从进入星座之初直到离开，或从某一指定时刻直到离开星座，与所有行星的相照都落空。对上行星与太阳来说，这完全不可能，除非是从临近离开星座的某一指定时刻起；对月亮——下行星中的她——来说，这是可以预期而且常常发生的。若不是有行程迅速的月亮，金星与水星在其中一颗慢、另一颗快时，也可能野行。有些人在月亮野行时，让她在诸行星的界中来代替她对它们的入相；但这是一个单薄的意见，可疑而不成立。

§505. By what is application made complete?

第五百零五问　入相凭什么才完成？

By there being, between the lower that pushes and the upper to which it is pushed, within the application that we have mentioned, no return, no escape, no obstruction, no relapse, no cutting off and no prevention. Return comes from the upper when it is weak through retrogradation or being under the rays, so that it is unable to hold what is pushed to it and returns it. If there is reception between them, or the lower is in an angle, or both are in the angles or in those that follow them, the outcome of the corruption of this return is put right; but if the weakness mentioned is in the lower while the upper is in an angle or in what follows it, the outcome is corrupted, even though the beginning is hopeful; and if both are so, corruption covers the whole matter. Escape is a lower planet going toward application with a higher one, and the higher happens to move out of its sign before the application is complete; then the lower afterwards has an application with another planet, either in the sign in which it is or on its moving out of it, before the application with that first one, so that what it was first engaged in escapes it. Obstruction is that a lower planet goes toward application with an upper one together with it, while at the end of the sign there is an intermediate planet, I mean one higher than the lower and lower than the upper, and before that application is complete it happens that the intermediate hastens toward the upper and passes it, as if obstructing; then the lower's application is with it and not with the first. If the intermediate was following the upper and then came in upon it by retrogradation, that is more fitting; and this is the cutting off of light. [text uncertain] The second of them is that the lower's application is with the intermediate, and before it is complete the intermediate passes the upper, so that the lower's application becomes one with that upper, not with the first intermediate. Relapse is the lower going toward application with an upper one, and being turned away from it by a retrogradation that happens to it before that is complete. Prevention is an intermediate being between a lower and an upper planet, for it prevents the lower from applying to the upper rather than to itself. Further, application by bodily union prevents application by aspect when they are at one time and the degrees of the one in union and of the one aspecting are equal; but if the degrees of the one aspecting are nearer to application, it has the better claim to it. If the degrees of two aspecting planets are equal and they both apply together to a third planet, the application belongs to the one that wins by reception or its preponderance. Analogy would require that aspects differ in rank and that the stronger prevent the weaker, as bodily union prevents aspect; but the practitioners of the art have mentioned nothing on this point.

凭推付的较低者与受推的较高者之间，在我们所说的入相之内，没有退还、没有错失、没有阻截、没有退缩、没有截断、也没有阻止。退还来自较高者，当它因逆行或在日光之下而弱，无力持住推给它的东西，就把它退回。若它们之间有接纳，或较低者在角上，或两者都在角上或随其后之宫，这种退还之败坏的结局就得到匡正；但若所说的弱在较低者，而较高者在角上或随其后之宫，结局就败坏，尽管开头有希望；若两者都如此，败坏就笼罩整件事。错失是一颗较低的行星走向与一颗较高的入相，而较高者恰好在入相完成之前移出它的星座；然后较低者此后与另一颗行星入相，或在它所在的星座里，或在它移出之时，先于与那第一颗的入相，于是它最初所从事的就错失了。阻截是一颗较低的行星与一颗较高的行星同在，走向与它入相，而在星座的末端有一颗居间的行星，我是说比较低者高、比较高者低的一颗，在那次入相完成之前，那颗居间者恰好赶向较高者并越过它，好像在阻截；于是较低者的入相是与它，而不是与第一颗。若那居间者原本跟在较高者后面，然后以逆行插到它上面，那就更恰当；这就是截光。〔原文疑有讹误〕其中第二种是，较低者的入相是与那居间者，在完成之前居间者越过了较高者，于是较低者的入相变成与那较高者，而不是与第一颗居间者。退缩是较低者走向与一颗较高者入相，而在完成之前因发生的逆行而从它转开。阻止是一颗居间者在一颗较低者与一颗较高者之间，因为它阻止较低者入相于较高者而不是入相于它自己。再者，星体结合的入相，在同一时刻、结合者与相照者的度数相等时，阻止相照的入相；但若相照者的度数更接近入相，它就更有资格。若两颗相照行星的度数相等，而它们一起入相于第三颗行星，入相就归于凭接纳或凭其优势而胜出的那一颗。按类推，相照应在等级上有别，较强的阻止较弱的，正如星体结合阻止相照；但这门技艺的从业者在这一点上什么也没有提到。