卷八·第 490–494 问　入相的期限、穆比纳度、别种入相与见证

§490. What is the duration of application?

第四百九十问　入相的期限是多少？

Since application is like meeting and separation like missing, the lower planet, once it is in the sign of the aspect, has begun to move toward application, and the state keeps growing until it is complete, unless some accident intervenes: another planet getting ahead of it in applying to the upper, or the upper moving out of the sign before the application to it is complete, or the lower turning back by retrogradation from the application it was heading for. They have differed about its limit. Some have said that it begins when 5 degrees remain between them, and they have given as the reason the five mubīna degrees; others have said that it begins at 6 degrees, because that is a fifth of the sign, which is the least moderate amount for the body of the planets; some have said 12, because of the eclipse distance of the Moon; and others have said 15 degrees, because of the light of the Sun known as the power of its body before it and behind it. Some went to the root of it and made the duration of application begin when there is between them the like of half the sum of the powers of their two bodies; then some allowed that in conjunction and refused it in the aspecting of one by the other, and did not use it. As for separation, it has no limit except the excess of the degrees of the lower over the degrees of the upper, so that they have said: even if it be a single minute, for that is the passing away of the event. But for the persistence of the effects, the amounts mentioned for application are used in it, so that with them the separation is complete.

既然入相如同相会，离相如同错过，较低的行星一进入相位所在的星座，就已开始走向入相，这状态不断增长，直到完成，除非有某种意外介入：另一颗行星抢先入相于那颗较高者，或较高者在入相完成之前移出星座，或较低者因逆行而从它所趋向的入相折回。对其界限他们有分歧。有人说，两者之间剩五度时开始，理由是那五个穆比纳度；有人说开始于六度，因为那是一个星座的五分之一，是行星星体的最小适中之量；有人说十二度，因为月亮的食限；还有人说十五度，因为太阳之光，即所谓它星体前后的力量。有人追到根上，把入相期限的开始定为两者之间有它们两星体之力相加的一半那么多；然后有人在会合上允许这样，在一方相照另一方时却拒绝而不用。至于离相，它除了较低者的度数超过较高者的度数之外没有界限，所以他们说：即使只有一分，因为那是事件的过去。但为了效应的持续，入相所说的那些度量也用在离相上，离相以此才算完成。

§491. What are the mubīna degrees?

第四百九十一问　何谓穆比纳度？

They are 5 degrees before the degree of the ascendant, against the order of the signs. Ptolemy does not count them in the twelfth, nor as being farther from the ascendant; and if there are planets in them, they are counted as being in the ascendant.

它们是上升度数之前、逆着星座次序的五度。托勒密不把它们算在第十二宫，也不算作离上升点较远；若有行星在其中，就算作在上升。

§492. Is there a kind of application other than that in longitude?

第四百九十二问　除了黄经上的入相，还有别种入相吗？

It has two kinds, by latitude and natural. Application by latitude is the equality of the latitudes of two planets on one side, north or south. When their latitudes differ, and the one with greater latitude is descending on that side while the one with less is ascending on it, it is going toward application with it; and if the one with greater latitude is ascending on that side while the one with less is descending on it, it is separating from application. If both are ascending on it, and it is in the power of the one with less latitude to apply to it, it is going toward application with it; by this power I mean that its farthest latitude is not short of the farthest latitude of the one that at that time has the greater latitude, for if it falls short, the passing of that power into act is cancelled and it is not called applying. If both are descending and the one with greater latitude is the faster in its descent, it is going toward application; this is sometimes completed and sometimes not, by the passing of the one with less latitude to the other side. This kind by latitude subsists through longitude, for it occurs only at a like aspect [text uncertain]; but it has a use, for example when a planet applies in longitude to another, upper planet, and applies in latitude to another that is falling away from that upper planet; and this does not continue in application in longitude at a single stroke. As for the natural kind, it is when the two planets are in two signs agreeing in power: when they reach the two degrees agreeing in power, they have applied. For example, Jupiter is in 20 degrees of Aries and the Moon in 5 of Pisces; then she is applying to him, and it is completed when she reaches 10 degrees of Pisces. Then if their two signs aspect each other, that makes the matter firmer. Or they are in two signs agreeing in path: when they reach the two degrees agreeing in path, the application is complete. For example, Jupiter is where we have said and the Moon in 5 degrees of Virgo; then the application is completed at 10 degrees of Virgo, and here too the aspect confirms the matter.

它有两种：纬度的与自然的。纬度上的入相，是两颗行星在同一侧（北或南）的纬度相等。它们的纬度不同时，纬度较大的在那一侧下降、较小的在那一侧上升，它就正走向与它入相；若纬度较大的在那一侧上升、较小的在那一侧下降，它就在离开入相。若两者都在那一侧上升，而纬度较小者有能力入相于它，它就正走向与它入相；我所说的能力，是指它的最大纬度不小于当时纬度较大者的最大纬度，因为若不及，那能力化为行动的途径就被取消了，它不称为入相。若两者都在下降，而纬度较大者下降得较快，它就正走向入相；这有时完成，有时因纬度较小者越过到另一侧而不完成。这种纬度上的入相要借黄经才成立，因为它只在相似的相照时发生〔原文疑有讹误〕；但它有一种用处，例如一颗行星在黄经上入相于另一颗较高的行星，在纬度上又入相于另一颗与那颗较高者落空的行星；而这在黄经上的入相中不会一举持续下去。至于自然的一种，是两颗行星在力量相合的两个星座里：它们到达力量相合的两个度数时，就已入相。例如木星在白羊二十度，月亮在双鱼五度；这时她正入相于他，到她抵达双鱼十度时完成。然后若它们的两个星座彼此相照，事情就更稳固。或者它们在道路相合的两个星座里：到达道路相合的两个度数时，入相就完成。例如木星在我们所说之处，月亮在处女五度；入相在处女十度完成，这里相照也使事情坐实。

§493. What are testimony and claim?

第四百九十三问　何谓见证与主张？

They are two synonymous words with a single meaning, and they are applied to the planets in one of two ways. The first is with regard to its own place, where it is. If it has there a known share and portion, such as the house, so that it is its lord, or the exaltation, so that it has its exaltation there, or anything else that it holds and that is ascribed to it, then it is a witness for itself there, or has testimonies. If nothing of this authority falls to it in its place, it is a stranger there; and if the place is contrary in power to its pouring forth, as in detriment and fall, that is an affliction added to strangeness. The second way is with regard to a place other than its own, and it is divided into three sorts. Either it is on the place of another planet, when it holds there one of the portions mentioned, so that on that account it is ascribed testimony over that planet, and it is said to be the lord of its house or the lord of its exaltation. Or it is by way of its origin and its own nature over things, like the testimony of Mars over fighting and disputes, the testimony of Jupiter over wealth and rank, and of Venus over amusement and marriage. Or it is by way of the turns, absolutely, like the Sun by day and the Moon by night, the lord of the day and of the hour, and the like.

它们是两个同义的词，只有一个意思，用于行星有两种方式之一。第一种是就它自己所在的本位而言。若它在那里有一份已知的份额，如庙，它就是那里的主；或旺，它在那里有旺；或它所持有、归属于它的其他任何东西，那么它就在那里为自己作见证，或者说有见证。若在它的本位上没有落给它这种权柄，它在那里就是异客；若那地方在力量上与它的倾注相反，如在陷与落中，那就是在异客之上又添了伤害。第二种是就它本位以外的地方而言，分为三类。或者它在另一颗行星的位置上，在那里持有所说的份额之一，因此被认为对那颗行星有见证，被称为它的庙主或旺主。或者是凭它的本原与它对事物的本性，如火星对战斗与争讼的见证，木星对财富与地位的见证，金星对嬉乐与婚姻的见证。或者是凭轮值，无条件地，如白天的太阳、夜里的月亮、日主与时辰主星，诸如此类。

§494. Is there an order among the testimonies?

第四百九十四问　见证之间有次第吗？

The first among the claimants is the lord of the house, then the lord of the exaltation, then the lord of the term, then the lord of the triplicity, then the lord of the face. In accordance with this they have made the weight of the house 5, the weight of the exaltation 4, of the term 3, of the triplicity 2 and of the face 1, so that the numbers of their portions may be added together for two planets, for example, and compared, until the greater and the lesser are known. It is related of Dhū al-Riyāsatayn that he used to assign to the lord of the house 30, to the lord of its exaltation 20, to the lord of the face 10, to the lord of the term 5, to the lord of the triplicity 3½, to the lord of the hour 4½, and to the luminary that is lord of the turn as much as to the lord of the ascendant; then one measures the planets that have gathered there against one another. This is an opinion resembling that of the ancients of the people of Babylon and of the Persians in putting the lord of the face first. Some of the learned astrologers, however, put the triplicity before the term and the face, and some of them pay no attention to the face at all. Differences in this order arise according to the circumstances, for the lord of the exaltation comes before the lord of the house in matters of sovereignty, leadership and honour. You must know that these testimonies subsist through aspect or what stands in place of aspect: when each of two planets has two testimonies, or the parts of their portions are equal, the one that aspects is preferred; indeed it is preferred with a single testimony over the one with two testimonies.

主张者中第一位是庙主，然后是旺主，然后界主，然后三方主，然后面主。据此他们把庙的权重定为五，旺四，界三，三方二，面一，以便把两颗行星（比如说）的份额数加起来比较，直到知道谁大谁小。据传祖·里亚萨台恩给庙主三十，给旺主二十，面主十，界主五，三方主三又二分之一，时辰主星四又二分之一，给当值的那颗光体的与给上升之主的一样多；然后把聚集在那里的诸行星互相比量。这个意见与巴比伦人和波斯人的古人把面主放在前面的意见相似。不过有些博学的星占家把三方放在界与面之前，其中有些人则完全不理会面。这次第上的分歧随情况而起，因为在君权、领导与尊荣之事上，旺主排在庙主之前。你必须知道，这些见证要借相照或代替相照的东西才成立：当两颗行星各有两个见证，或它们份额的部分相等时，相照的那颗优先；甚至它以一个见证也优先于有两个见证的那颗。