卷八·第 358–377 问　星座所主、相位与相合

§358. What is their signification of the winds?

第三百五十八问　它们在风上主什么？

Every wind that blows from the direction of some sign is attributed to it: ṣabā to Aries, dabūr to Gemini, janūb to Taurus and shamāl to Cancer. Every nakbāʾ is attributed on this model to what is near the place it blows from. Suppose it blew between the east and the south: if it is nearer the east, it is attributed to Sagittarius; if it is nearer the south, it is attributed to Virgo.

凡从某个星座方向吹来的风，都归属于那个星座：萨巴风（东风）归白羊，达布尔风（西风）归双子，贾努布风（南风）归金牛，沙马勒风（北风）归巨蟹。每一股斜风都照这个样子，归属于靠近它吹来之处的那个星座。假设它在东方与南方之间吹：如果它更靠近东方，就归属射手；如果更靠近南方，就归属处女。

§359. What is their signification of the members of man?

第三百五十九问　它们在人的肢体上主什么？

The head and the face belong to Aries; the neck and the vertebrae of the throat to Taurus; the shoulders and the arms to Gemini; the chest, the flanks, the breasts, the lungs and the stomach to Cancer; the heart to Leo; the belly and what the abdomen contains to Virgo; the back and the hips to Libra; the male organs and the female parts to Scorpio; the thighs to Sagittarius; the knees to Capricorn; the shanks to Aquarius; and the feet to Pisces. In the books one finds confusion on this subject, as when they say of Aries 'the head, the face and the intestines', and the like. But the analogy holds consistently, as [illegible] said: imagine the orb as a man whose head is Aries, with his feet drawn round to meet it. In spite of this, the Indians have given the head to Aries and the face to Taurus. The signs also have significations of the illnesses in the body of man, of colours, of appearance and forms, of places and countries, of the kinds of animals, and of waters and fires; we have set them down in the tables, for they are easier to find there, if God, mighty and glorious, wills.

头与脸属白羊；颈与喉部的椎骨属金牛；两肩与两臂属双子；胸、两胁、乳房、肺与胃属巨蟹；心属狮子；腹与腹腔所容之物属处女；背与两髋属天秤；男子的阳具与女子的阴部属天蝎；两大腿属射手；两膝属摩羯；两小腿属水瓶；两脚属双鱼。书中在这个题目上可以见到混乱，比如他们说白羊主“头、脸与肠”之类。但类推是一贯的，正如〔抄本此处字迹难辨〕所说：把天球想象成一个人，他的头是白羊，他的两脚绕回来与头相接。尽管如此，印度人把头给了白羊，把脸给了金牛。星座又主人身上的疾病、颜色、外貌与形相、地方与国度、动物的种类，以及诸水与诸火；我们把这些列在表里，因为在那里更容易查找，如果真主——大能而荣耀的——意欲。

§360. Characters and conduct

第三百六十问　性情与行为

§361. Appearance and forms

第三百六十一问　外貌与形相

§362. Colours

第三百六十二问　颜色

§365. Countries and regions

第三百六十五问　国度与地区

§366. Places

第三百六十六问　地方

§367. [Trees and plants; §368. Waters, winds and fires; §369. Gems and implements]

［第三百六十七问　树木与植物；第三百六十八问　诸水、诸风与诸火；第三百六十九问　宝石与器具］

And its last half signifies trees of moderate height. Let us now turn to the conditions of the signs with respect to one another in themselves, for the compound follows the simple.

而它的后半主中等高度的树木。现在让我们转到星座彼此之间就其本身而言的情形，因为复合的跟在单纯的后面。

§370. [Illnesses and diseases]

［第三百七十问　疾病与病症］

§371. [The kinds of animals; §372. Their periods]

［第三百七十一问　动物的种类；第三百七十二问　它们的期数］

§373. What are aspect and falling?

第三百七十三问　何谓相照，何谓落空？

Every sign regards each of its third and its eleventh with a regard called sextile, because from it to each of them there are two signs, and they are a sixth of the twelve; and likewise between every two degrees in them that bear the same number, such as the second of each of them, or the third, or the fourth, up to the end of the 30 degrees. Its regard to the third sign is a left sextile, and to the eleventh a right sextile. Further, every sign regards its fourth with a left square and its tenth with a right square, because between it and each of them there are three signs, and they are a quarter of the orb. It regards its fifth with a left trine and its ninth with a right trine, because between it and each of them there are four signs, and they are a third of the orb. It regards its seventh with the regard of opposition, and between it and the seventh there are six signs, and they are half the orb. Signs that regard one another are called connected. These are the seven aspects. Their amounts are 60 degrees in each of the two sextiles, 90 degrees in each of the two squares, 120 degrees in each of the two trines, and 180 degrees in the opposition. As for falling: a sign does not regard the two signs on either side of it, nor the two signs on either side of its seventh; these are not connected with it and do not regard it. So the second, sixth, eighth and twelfth signs are fallen away from every sign.

每个星座都以一种称为六分的相照，照它的第三座与第十一座，因为从它到这两座各隔两个星座，而两座是十二座的六分之一；在它们里面编号相同的每两个度数之间也是如此，比如各自的第二度、第三度、第四度，直到三十度的末尾。它照第三座是左六分，照第十一座是右六分。再者，每个星座以左四分照它的第四座，以右四分照它的第十座，因为它与这两座之间各有三个星座，三座是天球的四分之一。它以左三分照它的第五座，以右三分照它的第九座，因为它与这两座之间各有四个星座，四座是天球的三分之一。它以对冲之照照它的第七座，它与第七座之间有六个星座，六座是天球的一半。彼此相照的星座称为相接的。这就是七种相位。它们的度量是：两个六分各六十度，两个四分各九十度，两个三分各一百二十度，对冲一百八十度。至于落空：一个星座不照它两侧的两个星座，也不照它第七座两侧的两个星座；这些与它不相接，也不照它。所以第二、第六、第八、第十二座，对每个星座来说都是落空的。

§374. What are the signs that love, that hate and that are hostile to one another?

第三百七十四问　哪些星座彼此相爱，哪些彼此相憎，哪些彼此敌对？

Those that love one another are those that regard one another from trine or sextile; those that hate one another are those that regard one another from square; and those that are hostile to one another are those that regard one another in opposition. Let us take Aries as the example. Each of the two signs Gemini and Aquarius is in sextile to it, and each of the two signs Leo and Sagittarius in trine to it, so it loves them and they love it. Each of the two signs Cancer and Capricorn is in square to it, so it hates them and they hate it. The sign Libra is in opposition to it, so they are hostile to one another. The signs fallen away from Aries are Taurus, Virgo, Scorpio and Pisces.

彼此相爱的，是以三分或六分相照的；彼此相憎的，是以四分相照的；彼此敌对的，是以对冲相照的。我们以白羊为例。双子与水瓶两座各与它成六分，狮子与射手两座各与它成三分，所以它爱它们，它们也爱它。巨蟹与摩羯两座各与它成四分，所以它憎它们，它们也憎它。天秤一座与它对冲，所以它们彼此敌对。与白羊落空的星座是金牛、处女、天蝎、双鱼。

§375. What is the order of the aspects?

第三百七十五问　诸相位的次序如何？

The strongest of them is being together in one sign; then opposition; then the right square, then the left; then the right trine and the left trine. The weakest of them is the sextile, and the left is the weaker of the two. The stronger of two aspects annuls the weaker or weakens its power.

其中最强的是同在一个星座；其次是对冲；然后是右四分，再是左四分；然后是右三分与左三分。其中最弱的是六分，而左六分是两者中较弱的。两种相位中较强的一种，会废去较弱的一种，或削弱它的力量。

§376. Do the Indians agree with us in this?

第三百七十六问　印度人在这上面与我们一致吗？

They agree in some of it, namely the aspect of opposition, the two squares and the two trines; then they differ in what lies beyond that. They claim that a sign regards its third, and its third does not regard it; that it does not regard its sixth, and its sixth regards it; and that it regards its eighth, and its eighth does not regard it. They do not call being together an aspect, and they claim that a man standing upright sees nothing of his own body. As for the order, they claim that a sign regards its third and its tenth with a quarter of a regard, its fifth and its ninth with half a regard, its eighth and its fourth with three-quarters of a regard, and its seventh with a full regard; and each of its second and its twelfth is fallen away from it, and it is fallen away from them.

他们在其中一部分上一致，即对冲之照、两个四分与两个三分；然后在此以外的部分就有分歧。他们声称一个星座照它的第三座，而它的第三座不照它；它不照它的第六座，而它的第六座照它；它照它的第八座，而它的第八座不照它。他们不把同在一处称为相位，声称一个直立的人看不见自己身体的任何部分。至于次序，他们声称一个星座以四分之一的照，照它的第三座与第十座，以一半的照，照它的第五座与第九座，以四分之三的照，照它的第八座与第四座，以完整的照，照它的第七座；它的第二座与第十二座各与它落空，它也与它们落空。

§377. Do the signs have agreements other than aspect?

第三百七十七问　星座之间除了相位，还有别的相合吗？

Every two signs that revolve on two equal orbits, one of them in the north and the other in the south, are called agreeing in power, because the hours of the daytime of one of them are equal to the hours of the night of the other, and their ascensions are equal in all places, like Aries with Pisces and Taurus with Aquarius, and so on by this analogy. As for the agreement of their degrees, it is reversed: the first degree of Aries agrees in power with the last degree of Pisces, and the tenth degree of Aries agrees with the twentieth degree of Pisces. Every two signs that revolve on one orbit on one side, north or south, are called agreeing in path: the hours of the daytime of each of them are equal to those of the other, and likewise the hours of the night, and their ascensions in the right orb are equal, as Gemini with Cancer and Taurus with Leo. The agreement of their degrees is likewise reversed: the first degree of Cancer agrees with the last degree of Gemini, and the tenth degree of Cancer agrees with the twentieth degree of Gemini. For these two notions different names are found in the books, and there is no harm in that, except that the name that fits the meaning is more proper to it. Abū Maʿshar calls every two signs that belong to one planet agreeing in path; yet, besides this not being of the kind of the first two sorts, the name does not suit its meaning either. This is their figure. Abū Maʿshar calls the relation of Aries with Pisces and Virgo with Libra, in agreement of power, and of Gemini with Cancer and Sagittarius with Capricorn, in agreement of path, a natural sextile, because this agreement occurs in every two of these signs together with the absence of aspect, and the nearest of the aspects to its absence is the sextile. And he calls the relation of Aries and Virgo to one another, of Pisces with Libra, and of Gemini with Aquarius (whereas what is required is Gemini with Capricorn), and of Cancer with Sagittarius a natural opposition, because one of the two agreements occurs between them together with the absence of aspect and nearness to opposition. As for the square, in some signs it occurs together with both agreement and aspect, like Taurus with Aquarius and Leo with Scorpio in respect of power, and like Taurus with Leo and Scorpio with Aquarius in respect of path. For this reason it is strong in signification, the repugnance of the square being necessarily removed from it, just as the estrangement of falling is removed from those we mentioned. Of these two agreements, in power and in path, one arises from the northern and southern halves of the orb, and the other from its ascending and descending halves.

每两个在两条相等的周日圈上运行、一个在北一个在南的星座，称为在力量上相合，因为其中一个的白昼时数等于另一个的黑夜时数，它们的上升时间在所有地方都相等，比如白羊与双鱼、金牛与水瓶，依此类推。至于它们度数的相合，则是颠倒的：白羊的第一度与双鱼的最后一度在力量上相合，白羊的第十度与双鱼的第二十度相合。每两个在同一侧（北或南）、同一条周日圈上运行的星座，称为在道路上相合：它们各自的白昼时数彼此相等，黑夜时数也一样，它们在正球上的上升时间相等，如双子与巨蟹、金牛与狮子。它们度数的相合也同样是颠倒的：巨蟹的第一度与双子的最后一度相合，巨蟹的第十度与双子的第二十度相合。对这两种意思，书中可以见到不同的名称，这并无妨碍，只是与意思相符的名称更合宜。阿布·马谢尔把属于同一颗行星的每两个星座称为在道路上相合；然而，这除了不属于前两种的类别之外，这个名称也与它的意思不相称。这是它们的图。阿布·马谢尔把白羊与双鱼、处女与天秤在力量上相合的关系，以及双子与巨蟹、射手与摩羯在道路上相合的关系，称为自然的六分，因为每两个这样的星座之间都有这种相合，同时又没有相位，而诸相位中最接近于没有相位的就是六分。他又把白羊与处女彼此的关系、双鱼与天秤的关系、双子与水瓶的关系（而应当是双子与摩羯），以及巨蟹与射手的关系，称为自然的对冲，因为它们之间有两种相合之一，同时又没有相位，且近于对冲。至于四分，在某些星座中它同时带有相合与相位，如金牛与水瓶、狮子与天蝎在力量上，金牛与狮子、天蝎与水瓶在道路上。因此它在象征上有力，四分的抵触必然从它身上去除了，正如落空的疏离从我们提到的那些星座身上去除了一样。在力量与道路这两种相合中，一种出自天球的北半与南半，另一种出自它的上升半周与下降半周。