卷八·第 347–357 问　星座的寒热、阴阳、形状与方位

BOOK VIII. ASTROLOGY

卷八　占星

§347. What are the natures of the signs?

第三百四十七问　诸星座的性质如何？

If you write one of the signs on a line and the one that follows it on a lower line beneath it, what falls on the upper line are hot signs and on the lower line cold signs. Then each one, together with what is beneath it, is dry, both together; then moist, both together; then dry; and so on to the last of them. When you know the active quality of a sign together with its passive quality, the sign is accordingly attributed to what resembles it among the elements of the world and the humours of the bodies. I mean that every sign that is hot and dry is attributed to fire in the world and to yellow bile in the body; every cold and dry one to earth and to black bile; every hot and moist one to air and to blood; and every cold and moist one to water and to phlegm. That is in this table.

如果你把一个星座写在一行上，把紧随其后的那个星座写在下面一行、正对它的下方，那么落在上行的是热的星座，落在下行的是冷的星座。然后每一个与它下面那一个合起来，两者同为干；接着两者同为湿；再接着同为干；如此直到最后一对。当你知道了一个星座的主动之质和它的被动之质，这个星座就相应地归属于世界诸元素与身体诸体液中与它相似的那一种。我的意思是：凡热而干的星座，在世界上归属于火，在身体上归属于黄胆汁；凡冷而干的，归属于土与黑胆汁；凡热而湿的，归属于气与血；凡冷而湿的，归属于水与黏液。这些都在下面这张表里。

The view of the Indians on the watery signs is that they are Pisces, the last half of Capricorn and the first half of Aquarius [sic], because of what we have related of their figures: the hind part of Capricorn is fish-like, and at the end of Aquarius is the poured-out water. As for Scorpio, they do not count it as watery but as airy; and Cancer is shared: in some conditions they make it watery and in some airy.

印度人对水象星座的看法是：它们是双鱼、摩羯的后半与水瓶的前半〔原书如此〕，这是由于我们前面讲过的它们的图形：摩羯的后身像鱼，水瓶的末端是倾泻出来的水。至于天蝎，他们不把它算作水象，而算作气象；巨蟹则是两属的：在某些情形下他们把它算作水象，在另一些情形下算作气象。

§348. Which of them are male and which female?

第三百四十八问　其中哪些是阳性，哪些是阴性？

All the hot signs are male and all the cold ones female. The planets are strengthened in what is akin to them in nature and in maleness and femaleness, and their natures pass over to them, so that a male planet comes to signify females through being in a female sign. The Indians attribute the males to maleficence and the females to beneficence.

凡热的星座都是阳性，凡冷的星座都是阴性。行星在本性上、阴阳上与它们相近的星座中得力，星座的本性也传给行星，以致一颗阳性行星因为落在阴性星座里，会转而主女性之事。印度人把阳性星座归于凶，把阴性星座归于吉。

§349. Which of them are diurnal and which nocturnal?

第三百四十九问　其中哪些属昼，哪些属夜？

There is agreement on this, that the male signs are all diurnal and the females all nocturnal; and the diurnal planets are strengthened in the diurnal signs, and the nocturnal in the nocturnal. Some people differed on this, according to what is mentioned in the Rūmī Bazīdaj (al-Bazīj), and said that Aries, Cancer, Leo and Sagittarius are diurnal; their opposites, Libra, Capricorn, Aquarius and Gemini, nocturnal; and the rest common to day and night. The doctrine of the Indians on this is that Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Sagittarius and Capricorn are strong by night, and the remaining six are strong by day.

在这一点上大家一致：阳性星座全都属昼，阴性星座全都属夜；昼性行星在昼性星座中得力，夜性行星在夜性星座中得力。也有人在这件事上持异议，照《鲁米巴齐达季》（即《巴齐季》）中所载，说白羊、巨蟹、狮子、射手属昼；与它们相对的天秤、摩羯、水瓶、双子属夜；其余的昼夜共有。印度人在这一点上的说法是：白羊、金牛、双子、巨蟹、射手、摩羯在夜里有力，其余六个在白天有力。

§350. Which are those with cut-off members?

第三百五十问　哪些是肢体残缺的星座？

They are Aries, Taurus, Leo and Pisces. That is understood, in Aries and Leo, of the splitting of the feet by hooves and claws; in Taurus, of the like, and of its being half a bull cut off at the navel; and in Pisces, of the lack of members.

它们是白羊、金牛、狮子与双鱼。在白羊与狮子，这是就蹄与爪把脚分裂而言；在金牛，也是如此，又因为它只是半头牛，在脐部被截断；在双鱼，则是就缺少肢体而言。

§351. Which are upright and which not upright?

第三百五十一问　哪些是直立的，哪些不是直立的？

The upright ones are Aries and Sagittarius; so it is mentioned in the books, and nothing is mentioned for the rest of the signs. As for the Indians, they claim that Aries, Taurus, Cancer, Sagittarius and Capricorn rise lying on their backs; Leo and Virgo on their heads; and Gemini and Pisces rise inclining on their sides [sic]. This has not been ascertained with certainty with regard to its purpose, for the positions of most of the figures do not agree with it or bear witness to it.

直立的是白羊与射手；书中就是这样记载的，其余的星座都没有提到。至于印度人，他们声称白羊、金牛、巨蟹、射手、摩羯仰卧着升起；狮子与处女头先升起；双子与双鱼侧着身子升起〔原书如此〕。这一说就其用意而言并未得到确证，因为大多数图形的姿态与它不合，也不能为它作证。

§352. Which are the human signs, and which others?

第三百五十二问　哪些是人形星座，哪些是别的形状？

The human signs are Gemini, Virgo, Libra, Aquarius and the first half of Sagittarius. That is known from what was said before about the human figures in their forms. Libra is not so, but it is mostly included because a figure of a complete man, or of a body alone, or of something flying, is drawn holding its point of suspension. The four-footed signs are Aries, Taurus, Leo and the last half of Sagittarius, and sometimes they count the beginning of Capricorn among them, by analogy with Taurus. Of these, Aries and Taurus have cloven hooves, Leo has claws and Sagittarius has a solid hoof. Then among the signs, taken together, there are those that signify a kind of animal: like Leo, Scorpio, Sagittarius and Pisces in their signification of beasts of prey; like Gemini, Virgo, Pisces and the last two-thirds of Capricorn in their signification of birds; like Cancer, Scorpio, Sagittarius and Capricorn in their signification of vermin and creeping things; and Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces in their signification of water animals. This will come in the table in greater detail, for there are things that a table conveys more fully than a narrative. As for the Indians, they go further into detail and say that the human signs are Gemini, Virgo, Libra, the first half of Sagittarius and the second half of Aquarius; that the four-footed ones are Aries, Leo, the last half of Sagittarius and the first half of Capricorn; and the watery and airy ones are what we have related from them.

人形星座是双子、处女、天秤、水瓶，以及射手的前半。这从前面讲过的那些人形图形可以知道。天秤本不是这样，但多半也被算进来，因为画它时会画一个完整的人，或单单一个身躯，或一个飞行之物，手里提着它的悬纽。四足星座是白羊、金牛、狮子与射手的后半；有时他们也比照金牛，把摩羯的开头算在其中。其中白羊、金牛有偶蹄，狮子有爪，射手有整蹄。此外，把星座合起来看，还有一些主某一类动物：如狮子、天蝎、射手、双鱼主猛兽；如双子、处女、双鱼与摩羯的后三分之二主飞禽；如巨蟹、天蝎、射手、摩羯主虫豸与爬行之物；巨蟹、天蝎、双鱼主水中动物。这些将在表中更详细地列出，因为有些东西，表格比叙述传达得更完整。至于印度人，他们分得更细，说人形星座是双子、处女、天秤、射手的前半与水瓶的后半；四足的是白羊、狮子、射手的后半与摩羯的前半；水象与气象的，就是我们前面转述过的他们的说法。

§353. Which of them are voiced and which not voiced?

第三百五十三问　其中哪些有声，哪些无声？

Gemini, Virgo and Libra are loud of voice, and of them Gemini is eloquent and fluent of tongue. Aries, Taurus and Leo have half a voice; Capricorn and Aquarius are weak of voice; and Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces are voiceless [sic]. This is among the things needed for knowing the voice and speech, when their significator is corrupted in these signs or is set right.

双子、处女、天秤声音响亮，其中双子能言善辩、口齿流利。白羊、金牛、狮子有半声；摩羯、水瓶声音微弱；巨蟹、天蝎、双鱼无声〔原书如此〕。当主声音与言语的象征星在这些星座中受损或得正时，这是判断声音与言语所需要的事项之一。

§354. Which of them are prolific, which barren, and which otherwise?

第三百五十四问　其中哪些多子，哪些不育，哪些属于其他情形？

The watery signs, which are Cancer, Scorpio, Pisces and the last half of Capricorn, are prolific. Aries, Taurus, Libra, Sagittarius and Aquarius have few children. The beginning of Taurus, Leo, Virgo and the beginning of Capricorn are barren. As for twins, they are Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius and Pisces. Aries, Libra and the end of Capricorn sometimes signify orphans. As for the beginning of Capricorn and the beginning of Scorpio, they signify the hermaphrodite. And since it has been said of each of Aries and Libra that it has two colours and two natures, and the like has been said of Capricorn and Sagittarius, just as it was said of Virgo that it has three forms and of Gemini that it has many forms and faces, [illegible]; and sometimes it goes beyond twins to three or more.

水象星座，即巨蟹、天蝎、双鱼与摩羯的后半，多子。白羊、金牛、天秤、射手、水瓶少子。金牛的开头、狮子、处女与摩羯的开头不育。至于双胞胎，是双子、处女、射手、双鱼。白羊、天秤与摩羯的末尾有时主孤儿。至于摩羯的开头与天蝎的开头，主两性人。又因为白羊与天秤都被说成各有两种颜色、两种本性，摩羯与射手也被这样说过，正如处女被说成有三种形相，双子被说成有许多形相与面孔，〔抄本此处字迹难辨〕；有时会超过双胞胎，到三胞胎或更多。

§355. What is their condition in marriage?

第三百五十五问　它们在婚姻上的情形如何？

Aries, Taurus, Leo, Capricorn and Pisces are lustful and eager for intercourse, and in Libra and Sagittarius there is something of this. As for the affairs [of women], Taurus, Leo, Scorpio and Aquarius signify their chastity and continence; Aries, Cancer and Libra their corruption; and Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius and Pisces the mean of this in them; and Virgo is the most chaste.

白羊、金牛、狮子、摩羯、双鱼好色而渴求交合，天秤与射手也有几分。至于［女人的］事，金牛、狮子、天蝎、水瓶主她们贞洁自持；白羊、巨蟹、天秤主她们失节；双子、处女、射手、双鱼主她们居于两者之间；而处女最为贞洁。

§356. Which are the dark signs that bring cares?

第三百五十六问　哪些是带来忧愁的幽暗星座？

They are Leo, Scorpio and Capricorn; and in each one of Libra [sic] there is a little darkness.

它们是狮子、天蝎、摩羯；天秤的每一个〔原书如此〕之中也有一点幽暗。

§357. What is their signification of the quarters of the world?

第三百五十七问　它们在世界四方上主什么？

Aries signifies the heart of the east, Leo its left side toward the north, and Sagittarius its right side. Taurus signifies the heart of the south, Virgo its left side toward the east, and Capricorn its right side toward the west. Gemini signifies the heart of the west, Libra its left side toward the south, and Aquarius its right side toward the north. Cancer signifies the heart of the north, Scorpio its left side toward the west, and Pisces its right side toward the east, as in this figure.

白羊主东方的正中，狮子主它朝北的左侧，射手主它的右侧。金牛主南方的正中，处女主它朝东的左侧，摩羯主它朝西的右侧。双子主西方的正中，天秤主它朝南的左侧，水瓶主它朝北的右侧。巨蟹主北方的正中，天蝎主它朝西的左侧，双鱼主它朝东的右侧，如下图所示。