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卷一·第二章 论十二星座的性质

十二星座逐一列出性质、所生之人、天气分部、同升同没的星群、所配神祇与分野;宇宙之盘以巨蟹为上升。

II. On the Nature of the Twelve Signs.

Aries is the house of Mars, a sign masculine, tropical, terrestrial, fit to lead, fiery, free, ascending, half-voiced, good, changeable, administrative, public, civic, of few offspring, devoted to worship, the Midheaven of the cosmos and a cause of glory, two-colored, since the Sun and the Moon produce white scaly eruptions; it is also unconnected and ecliptic. Those born in it, then, will according to the reckoning of the ruler be brilliant, distinguished, commanding, just, haters of evil, free, fit to lead, bold in judgment, boastful, great-souled, unstable, uneven, haughty, high-flown, threatening, quickly changing, well-off; and when the rulers are well placed and receive the testimony of a benefic, they become royal, wielders of authority, holding the power of life and death.

Aries is by nature watery, thundery, hail-bringing; in its parts, the first portions up to the equinoctial point are rainy, hail-bringing, windy, destructive; the middle portions up to the 15th degree are temperate and fertile, and the following portions scorching and pestilential, above all for four-footed beasts. The sign has 19 bright stars, and along the belt 13 bright ones, 24 bright, 27 shadowy, 28 moderately bright, and 48 faint. There rise together with it, from the northern constellations, the first parts of Perseus and the remaining and left parts of the Charioteer; in the south, the crest and the tail of the Sea-Monster; and in the north the feet of Arctophylax set, and in the south the rest of the Beast.

The climes subject to Aries are these: the forequarters, Babylonia; the head, Elymais; the right parts, Persis; the left parts, Coele Syria and the adjacent places; at the turn of the face, Babylonia; at the breast, Armenia; under the shoulders, Thrace; at the belly, Cappadocia, Susiana, the Red Sea, and the Foul Sea; the hindquarters, Egypt and the Persian Ocean.

翻译点开

II. On the Nature of the Twelve Signs.

第二章 论十二星座的性质

Aries is the house of Mars, a sign masculine, tropical, terrestrial, fit to lead, fiery, free, ascending, half-voiced, good, changeable, administrative, public, civic, of few offspring, devoted to worship, the Midheaven of the cosmos and a cause of glory, two-colored, since the Sun and the Moon produce white scaly eruptions; it is also unconnected and ecliptic. Those born in it, then, will according to the reckoning of the ruler be brilliant, distinguished, commanding, just, haters of evil, free, fit to lead, bold in judgment, boastful, great-souled, unstable, uneven, haughty, high-flown, threatening, quickly changing, well-off; and when the rulers are well placed and receive the testimony of a benefic, they become royal, wielders of authority, holding the power of life and death.

白羊是火星之庙,是一个阳性、回归、陆生、宜于领导、火性、自由、上行、半声、善、易变、主管理、公众的、属城邦、少子、敬神的星座,是宇宙的中天,是荣耀之因;它是双色的,因为太阳与月亮会造成白色的鳞状疹;它也是不相接的、主交食的。所以生在其中的人,按主星的推算,会是光彩、显赫、善于发令、公正、憎恶邪恶、自由、宜于领导、判断大胆、自夸、心胸宏大、不安定、起伏不齐、高傲、好高骛远、好威吓、变化迅速、富裕的;而当主星位置良好并得到吉星见证时,他们成为王者、握有权柄、掌握生杀之权的人。

Aries is by nature watery, thundery, hail-bringing; in its parts, the first portions up to the equinoctial point are rainy, hail-bringing, windy, destructive; the middle portions up to the 15th degree are temperate and fertile, and the following portions scorching and pestilential, above all for four-footed beasts. The sign has 19 bright stars, and along the belt 13 bright ones, 24 bright, 27 shadowy, 28 moderately bright, and 48 faint. There rise together with it, from the northern constellations, the first parts of Perseus and the remaining and left parts of the Charioteer; in the south, the crest and the tail of the Sea-Monster; and in the north the feet of Arctophylax set, and in the south the rest of the Beast.

白羊在本性上多水、多雷、带冰雹;分部而言,到分点为止的最初部分多雨、带冰雹、多风、有毁坏性;到第十五度为止的中间部分温和而丰产;随后的部分灼热、易生瘟疫,尤其对四足牲畜。这个星座有十九颗明亮的星,沿着腰带有十三颗明亮的,二十四颗明亮的,二十七颗暗淡的,二十八颗中等明亮的,四十八颗微弱的。与它一同升起的,北方星群中有英仙座的最初部分,以及御夫座其余的部分与左侧部分;南方有鲸鱼座的冠与尾;北方牧夫座的双脚沉没,南方兽座的其余部分沉没。

The climes subject to Aries are these: the forequarters, Babylonia; the head, Elymais; the right parts, Persis; the left parts, Coele Syria and the adjacent places; at the turn of the face, Babylonia; at the breast, Armenia; under the shoulders, Thrace; at the belly, Cappadocia, Susiana, the Red Sea, and the Foul Sea; the hindquarters, Egypt and the Persian Ocean.

归属白羊的地区如下:前身,巴比伦尼亚;头,埃利迈斯;右侧,波西斯;左侧,柯里叙利亚及其毗邻之地;面部转回之处,巴比伦尼亚;胸,亚美尼亚;肩下,色雷斯;腹,卡帕多西亚、苏西亚那、红海与污海;后身,埃及与波斯洋。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:白羊是火星之庙,阳性、回归、火性、宜于领导,是宇宙的中天;生人光彩高傲而多变,主星得吉星见证则掌生杀之权。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
回归tropical太阳在此转换季节
上行ascending与「下行」相对
半声half-voiced星座的「声」分等
不相接unconnected不与他座相连属
主星的推算reckoning of the ruler依主星位置而论

🧭 图解与讲解

本章逐一讲十二星座,每座的写法大致相同:先是一串性质形容词(阴阳、回归或固定或双体、元素、上行或下行、声的等级等),再是「生在其中的人」的性情,然后是分部的天气、星数、同升同没的星群、所配神祇,最后是分野,即归属这个星座的地区。不同星座详略差别很大,有的只有性质与人,有的写满全部项目。

〔图〕白羊是火星之庙,又是宇宙的中天;三段天气各不相同

照第四行原文;把公羊的身体各部配给各地,是一种按星座形象划分分野的做法
白羊身体部位所配地区
前身巴比伦尼亚
头埃利迈斯
右侧波西斯
左侧柯里叙利亚及毗邻之地
面部转回之处巴比伦尼亚
胸亚美尼亚
肩下色雷斯
腹卡帕多西亚、苏西亚那、红海、污海
后身埃及、波斯洋

白羊是火星之庙,阳性、回归、火性,又被称为「宇宙的中天」(图一)。「宇宙」指世界诞生时的那张星盘:巨蟹上升,白羊在中天,天秤在天底,摩羯在下降,本章在各座下分别提到。白羊之人光彩、宜于领导、判断大胆,也高傲、多变;主星位置良好又得吉星见证,可至「掌握生杀之权」。

天气一段把白羊分成三部分:分点以前多雨雹,中段温和丰产,后段灼热、易生畜疫。星数一句列了好几组数目,意思不甚分明,本站照原文译出。同升同没的星群以北方、南方分述;「兽座」即今豺狼座。分野(表二)按公羊的身体各部分配,巴比伦尼亚出现两次,原文如此。

Taurus is feminine, solid, lying at the spring turning, bony, mutilated, rising hindquarters first but setting upright; it lies for the most part in the unseen cosmos. It is fair-weathered. In its parts, from the 1st to the 5th degree it occupies the region about the Pleiades, which is mean and destructive, pestilential, thunder-making, causing earthquakes, hurling thunderbolts, producing lightning; the next 2 degrees are fiery and misty. The right parts, toward the Charioteer, are temperate and cooling. The left parts are mean and cause motion, sometimes also chilling, sometimes scorching. The head, up to the 23rd degree, is in temperate air, but pestilential and destructive of animals; the parts that follow are destructive, mean, pestilential. It has 27 stars; in the north there rise with it the remaining parts of the Charioteer, and in the south the rest of the Sea-Monster and the first parts of the River. Gods: Aphrodite, Selene, Demeter, and also Ares and Hermes. In the north Arctophylax sets as far as the belt, and the shins of Ophiuchus as far as the knees; in the south Orion rises with it, holding a sword raised in his right hand; in his left he holds the so-called Herald's Staff, and he is girded about the middle of his body. The sign is productive of ornament, earthy, rustic, agricultural, slave-and-free, descending, of few offspring, half-voiced and voiceless, good, unchangeable, laborious, incomplete, signifying foundations and estates. Its ecliptic place lies in the north, rising toward the height. Those born will be good, keepers of workshops, hard-working, thrifty, pleasure-loving, music-loving, generous, and some tillers of the soil, planters, builders; and if benefics too should somehow incline toward the place, or the ruler is well placed, they become high priests, gymnasiarchs, men deemed worthy of crowns and purple, of images and statues, presidents of temples, distinguished, brilliant.

The subject climes are: at the head, Media and the adjacent places; at the breast, Babylonia; the right parts toward the Charioteer, Scythia; the Pleiad, Cyprus; the left parts, Arabia and the places round about; at the shoulders, Persis and the Caucasus mountains; under the hump, the Sarmatians [text uncertain]; under the loins, Ethiopia; under the forehead, Elymais; under the horns, Carthage; in the middle parts, Armenia, India, Germany.

黑像陶瓶画:猎户右手高举短剑,左手握传令杖,腰束带
右手高举一把剑
翻译点开

Taurus is feminine, solid, lying at the spring turning, bony, mutilated, rising hindquarters first but setting upright; it lies for the most part in the unseen cosmos. It is fair-weathered. In its parts, from the 1st to the 5th degree it occupies the region about the Pleiades, which is mean and destructive, pestilential, thunder-making, causing earthquakes, hurling thunderbolts, producing lightning; the next 2 degrees are fiery and misty. The right parts, toward the Charioteer, are temperate and cooling. The left parts are mean and cause motion, sometimes also chilling, sometimes scorching. The head, up to the 23rd degree, is in temperate air, but pestilential and destructive of animals; the parts that follow are destructive, mean, pestilential. It has 27 stars; in the north there rise with it the remaining parts of the Charioteer, and in the south the rest of the Sea-Monster and the first parts of the River. Gods: Aphrodite, Selene, Demeter, and also Ares and Hermes. In the north Arctophylax sets as far as the belt, and the shins of Ophiuchus as far as the knees; in the south Orion rises with it, holding a sword raised in his right hand; in his left he holds the so-called Herald's Staff, and he is girded about the middle of his body. The sign is productive of ornament, earthy, rustic, agricultural, slave-and-free, descending, of few offspring, half-voiced and voiceless, good, unchangeable, laborious, incomplete, signifying foundations and estates. Its ecliptic place lies in the north, rising toward the height. Those born will be good, keepers of workshops, hard-working, thrifty, pleasure-loving, music-loving, generous, and some tillers of the soil, planters, builders; and if benefics too should somehow incline toward the place, or the ruler is well placed, they become high priests, gymnasiarchs, men deemed worthy of crowns and purple, of images and statues, presidents of temples, distinguished, brilliant.

金牛是阴性、固定的星座,位于春季回归之处,骨质、残缺,以后半身先升起,却直立着沉没;它大部分位于看不见的宇宙之中。它天气晴好。分部而言,从第一度到第五度占据昴星团一带,这一带低劣而有毁坏性、易生瘟疫、造雷、致地震、掷霹雳、生闪电;接下来的两度火热而多雾。右侧朝向御夫座的部分温和而致凉。左侧低劣而引起扰动,有时也致寒,有时灼热。头部到第二十三度为止处于温和的空气中,却易生瘟疫、毁坏动物;其后的部分有毁坏性、低劣、易生瘟疫。它有二十七颗星;北方与它一同升起的有御夫座其余的部分,南方有鲸鱼座其余部分与波江座的最初部分。神祇:阿佛洛狄忒、塞勒涅、得墨忒耳,还有阿瑞斯与赫耳墨斯。北方牧夫座沉没到腰带处,蛇夫座的小腿沉没到膝盖;南方猎户座与它一同升起,右手高举一把剑,左手握着所谓的传令杖,身体中间束着腰带。这个星座造就饰物,属土、乡野、农事、亦奴亦自由、下行、少子、半声与无声、善、不变、劳作、不全,主地基与田产。它的交食之处在北方,向高处升起。生在其中的人会是善良的、开作坊的、勤劳的、节俭的、爱享乐的、爱音乐的、慷慨的,有些是耕种土地的人、种植者、营造者;如果吉星也以某种方式倾向这个位置,或主星位置良好,他们就成为大祭司、体育场主管、配得冠冕与紫袍、画像与雕像的人、神庙的主持者、显赫而光彩的人。

The subject climes are: at the head, Media and the adjacent places; at the breast, Babylonia; the right parts toward the Charioteer, Scythia; the Pleiad, Cyprus; the left parts, Arabia and the places round about; at the shoulders, Persis and the Caucasus mountains; under the hump, the Sarmatians [text uncertain]; under the loins, Ethiopia; under the forehead, Elymais; under the horns, Carthage; in the middle parts, Armenia, India, Germany.

归属的地区是:头,米底及毗邻之地;胸,巴比伦尼亚;朝向御夫座的右侧,斯基泰;昴星团,塞浦路斯;左侧,阿拉伯及周围之地;肩,波西斯与高加索山;驼峰之下,萨尔马提亚人〔原文疑有讹误〕;腰下,埃塞俄比亚;额下,埃利迈斯;角下,迦太基;中部,亚美尼亚、印度、日耳曼尼亚。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:金牛阴性、固定、属土、主农事与田产,昴星团一带凶险;生人勤劳节俭爱音乐,得吉星倾向则为大祭司、受冠冕。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
昴星团Pleiades金牛背上的星团
固定solid四季居中的星座
亦奴亦自由slave-and-free奴性与自由兼具
传令杖Herald's Staff传令官所执的杖
倾向incline toward与之成相位而相照

🧭 图解与讲解

金牛是阴性、固定、属土的星座,主农事、地基与田产,生人勤劳节俭、开作坊、爱音乐,有些是耕种、种植、营造的人;若有吉星倾向这个位置,或主星位置良好,就成为大祭司、体育场主管,配得冠冕、紫袍与雕像(图二)。

金牛天气总体晴好,凶险集中在开头的昴星团一带与末段
金牛的度数或部分天气(照原文)
第一至五度(昴星团一带)低劣、毁坏、瘟疫、雷、地震、霹雳、闪电
接下来两度火热、多雾
右侧(朝御夫座)温和、致凉
左侧低劣、扰动,时寒时热
头部(到第二十三度)空气温和,却易生瘟疫、毁坏动物
其后部分毁坏、低劣、瘟疫

〔图〕金牛之人从常人到显贵:要看吉星与主星

几个形象上的描写值得一提:金牛「以后半身先升起,却直立着沉没」,这是说天上的金牛只画出前半身,升起时倒着出来;又说它「大部分位于看不见的宇宙之中」。天气一段(表一)指出开头的昴星团一带最凶险,造雷、地震、霹雳、闪电。同升的猎户座「右手高举一把剑,左手握着所谓的传令杖」,是一幅很具体的星图描写。

本章的金牛条没有说它是谁的庙,水瓶、双鱼两条也没说,其余九座都说了。按通行之说,金牛是金星之庙。所配神祇有阿佛洛狄忒、塞勒涅、得墨忒耳等,这是神名,不是行星。分野里「驼峰之下」一句的地名,英译据上下文补作萨尔马提亚人,标为疑有讹误。

Gemini is masculine, bicorporeal, well-voiced, the house of Mercury, ascending, airy, feminized, slave-and-free, barren, public. Those born, then, become lovers of learning, practising letters and education, poetic, music-loving, voice-trainers, stewards, men who accept trusts; they also become interpreters, merchants, judges of bad and good, prudent, curious, initiates into secret things. And whatever the ruler is accustomed to bring about according to its own nature, whether good or bad, lesser or greater, this it will also bring about in each of the signs according to the ruler's configuration, productive or unproductive; I say this so that we may not seem to write the same things over again. They are also fair-weathered; in their parts, the first 3 degrees are mean and destructive; from 3 to 7, well-moistened; there is a good tempering from the 7th degree to the 15th; the southern parts are well-moistened; the last parts are mixed. It has 21 stars. It lies in the south-west wind. According to the Sphaerica there lies adjacent to it the tail of the Sea-Monster, touching some part of the southern regions; and among the parts that lie toward the south, within the southern line, is the Satyr, touching it with his club, and from its northern parts he appears with his back turned, he whose is the hide. Toward the southern part lies the Lyre. He himself stands upon the southern line, midway between north and south. Under his feet, on the southern line, in the cosmos visible to us, is the so-called Dog, before his right foot; it is cut by the southern pole from the hindquarters as far as the head, rising together with the pole upright. In the south there also rise alongside it the rest of the River and Orion. The gods associated with them are Apollo, Heracles, Hephaestus, Hera, Kronos; and in the north Arctophylax sets, and Ophiuchus except for his head, and half of the Crown.

The climes subject to Gemini are these: the forequarters, India and the adjacent places, and Celtica; the breast, Cilicia, Galatia, Thrace, and Boeotia; the middle, Egypt, Libya, the Romans, Arabia, Syria.

翻译点开

Gemini is masculine, bicorporeal, well-voiced, the house of Mercury, ascending, airy, feminized, slave-and-free, barren, public. Those born, then, become lovers of learning, practising letters and education, poetic, music-loving, voice-trainers, stewards, men who accept trusts; they also become interpreters, merchants, judges of bad and good, prudent, curious, initiates into secret things. And whatever the ruler is accustomed to bring about according to its own nature, whether good or bad, lesser or greater, this it will also bring about in each of the signs according to the ruler's configuration, productive or unproductive; I say this so that we may not seem to write the same things over again. They are also fair-weathered; in their parts, the first 3 degrees are mean and destructive; from 3 to 7, well-moistened; there is a good tempering from the 7th degree to the 15th; the southern parts are well-moistened; the last parts are mixed. It has 21 stars. It lies in the south-west wind. According to the Sphaerica there lies adjacent to it the tail of the Sea-Monster, touching some part of the southern regions; and among the parts that lie toward the south, within the southern line, is the Satyr, touching it with his club, and from its northern parts he appears with his back turned, he whose is the hide. Toward the southern part lies the Lyre. He himself stands upon the southern line, midway between north and south. Under his feet, on the southern line, in the cosmos visible to us, is the so-called Dog, before his right foot; it is cut by the southern pole from the hindquarters as far as the head, rising together with the pole upright. In the south there also rise alongside it the rest of the River and Orion. The gods associated with them are Apollo, Heracles, Hephaestus, Hera, Kronos; and in the north Arctophylax sets, and Ophiuchus except for his head, and half of the Crown.

双子是阳性、双体、声美的,是水星之庙,上行、属风、阴性化、亦奴亦自由、不育、公众的。所以生在其中的人成为爱好学问的人,研习文字与教育,有诗才、爱音乐、练声者、管家、接受信托的人;他们也成为翻译、商人、善恶的评判者、明智的人、好奇的人、秘事的入门者。主星凭自己的本性惯常造成的一切,无论好坏、大小,它在每个星座里也会按主星的格局造成,得力或不得力;我这样说,是免得我们看来在重复书写同样的事。它们天气也晴好;分部而言,最初三度低劣而有毁坏性;从三度到七度,湿润适度;从第七度到第十五度调和良好;南方部分湿润适度;最后部分混杂。它有二十一颗星。它位于西南风中。据《天球志》,鲸鱼座的尾巴靠近它,触及南方区域的某一部分;在朝南的部分中,在南方线以内,有萨堤尔,用他的棍棒触着它,从它的北方部分看,他背身而现,那张兽皮是他的。朝南方部分有天琴座。他自己站在南方线上,位于北与南的正中。他的脚下,在南方线上,在我们可见的宇宙中,有所谓的犬座,在他右脚之前;它被南极从后身到头切过,与那极一同直立升起。南方与它并肩升起的还有波江座的其余部分与猎户座。与它们相关的神祇是阿波罗、赫拉克勒斯、赫淮斯托斯、赫拉、克洛诺斯;北方牧夫座沉没,蛇夫座除头以外沉没,北冕座的一半沉没。

The climes subject to Gemini are these: the forequarters, India and the adjacent places, and Celtica; the breast, Cilicia, Galatia, Thrace, and Boeotia; the middle, Egypt, Libya, the Romans, Arabia, Syria.

归属双子的地区如下:前身,印度及毗邻之地,以及凯尔特;胸,奇里乞亚、加拉太、色雷斯与彼奥提亚;中部,埃及、利比亚、罗马人、阿拉伯、叙利亚。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:双子是水星之庙,阳性、双体、属风,生人好学、能文、善音乐与经商;主星本性所主之事,在各座都按其格局与得力与否而成。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
双体bicorporeal形象成双的星座
声美well-voiced声的最高一等
阴性化feminized阳性座带阴性
格局configuration主星与他星的配置
天球志Sphaerica讲星群位置的书

🧭 图解与讲解

双子是水星之庙,阳性、双体、属风,「声美」。生人好学问、研习文字教育、有诗才、爱音乐,做翻译、商人、管家,也是「秘事的入门者」。这些与第一章水星所主之事正相呼应:庙主的性质影响生在这一座的人。

〔图〕双子之人的总则:主星本性所主之事,各座都按它的格局成就

据《天球志》;「萨堤尔」「天琴座」的位置原文如此,与今日星图不尽相合
方位与双子同升或靠近的星群(照原文)
南方鲸鱼座的尾巴;萨堤尔(持棍棒、背身而现);天琴座
南方线上犬座,在他右脚之前,被南极切过
南方并肩升起波江座其余部分、猎户座
北方沉没牧夫座、蛇夫座(除头)、北冕座的一半

这一条中间插入一句总则(图一):主星凭本性惯常造成的事,无论好坏大小,在每个星座里都会按主星的格局、得力与否而成就;作者说交代这一句,是免得在每个星座下重复同样的话。也就是说,本章列的性情只是星座本身的底色,实际要看主星。

《天球志》(Sphaerica)是作者引用的一部讲星群位置的书,原文只称其名。这一段(表二)描写双子附近的星群,有萨堤尔持棍棒、犬座在右脚之前等,与今日星图并不完全对得上,本站照原文译出,不作考订。所配神祇有阿波罗、赫拉克勒斯、赫淮斯托斯、赫拉、克洛诺斯。

Cancer is fair-weathered; in its parts, at the first two stars toward the south-east it is mean, destructive, stifling, causing earthquakes; from these up to the 10th degree it makes the air very moist and scorching, with downpours of water and continual rains; the right parts are mean and destructive. In the south there rise with it the Hare, the forequarters of the Dog, and Procyon. It has 4 stars. Gods: Ares, Hermes, Zeus, Pan, Aphrodite. In the north the head of Arctophylax sets, and the Kneeler, the Eagle, and half of the Crown. It is the house of the Moon, feminine, tropical, the Ascendant of the cosmos, servile, descending, voiceless, watery, good, changeable, public, of the crowd, civic, prolific, amphibious. Those born, then, will be lovers of glory, men of the crowd, very changeable, theatrical, cheerful, easily corrupted [text uncertain], pleasure-loving, fond of company at table, public figures; unstable in judgment, saying one thing and thinking another, not staying with one undertaking or at most two, given to wanderings and sojourns abroad.

Subject to Cancer are these: the forequarters, Bactriana; the left parts, Zacynthus, Acarnania; the hindquarters, Ethiopia, Schine. At the head, Lake Maeotis and the nations dwelling around the Red Sea and the Hyrcanian Sea, the Hellespont, the Libyan Sea, Britain, and the island of Thule; at the feet, Armenia, Cappadocia, Rhodes, Cos; and at the extremities of Cancer, at the mouth, Troglodytice, Ionia, the Hellespont.

翻译点开

Cancer is fair-weathered; in its parts, at the first two stars toward the south-east it is mean, destructive, stifling, causing earthquakes; from these up to the 10th degree it makes the air very moist and scorching, with downpours of water and continual rains; the right parts are mean and destructive. In the south there rise with it the Hare, the forequarters of the Dog, and Procyon. It has 4 stars. Gods: Ares, Hermes, Zeus, Pan, Aphrodite. In the north the head of Arctophylax sets, and the Kneeler, the Eagle, and half of the Crown. It is the house of the Moon, feminine, tropical, the Ascendant of the cosmos, servile, descending, voiceless, watery, good, changeable, public, of the crowd, civic, prolific, amphibious. Those born, then, will be lovers of glory, men of the crowd, very changeable, theatrical, cheerful, easily corrupted [text uncertain], pleasure-loving, fond of company at table, public figures; unstable in judgment, saying one thing and thinking another, not staying with one undertaking or at most two, given to wanderings and sojourns abroad.

巨蟹天气晴好;分部而言,在朝东南的最初两颗星处,它低劣、有毁坏性、令人窒闷、致地震;从这两星到第十度,它使空气极湿而灼热,带来倾注的水与连绵的雨;右侧部分低劣而有毁坏性。南方与它一同升起的有天兔座、犬座的前身与南河三。它有四颗星。神祇:阿瑞斯、赫耳墨斯、宙斯、潘、阿佛洛狄忒。北方牧夫座的头沉没,跪者座、天鹰座与北冕座的一半也沉没。它是月亮之庙,阴性、回归,是宇宙的上升点,奴性、下行、无声、水性、善、易变、公众的、属群众、属城邦、多产、两栖。所以生在其中的人会爱好荣耀、属于群众、极易变化、好戏剧、愉快、易于败坏〔原文疑有讹误〕、爱享乐、喜欢同席宴饮、是公众人物;判断不定,说的是一回事,想的是另一回事,不能坚持一件事业,至多两件,常在漂泊与客居异乡之中。

Subject to Cancer are these: the forequarters, Bactriana; the left parts, Zacynthus, Acarnania; the hindquarters, Ethiopia, Schine. At the head, Lake Maeotis and the nations dwelling around the Red Sea and the Hyrcanian Sea, the Hellespont, the Libyan Sea, Britain, and the island of Thule; at the feet, Armenia, Cappadocia, Rhodes, Cos; and at the extremities of Cancer, at the mouth, Troglodytice, Ionia, the Hellespont.

归属巨蟹的有这些:前身,巴克特里亚;左侧,扎金索斯、阿卡纳尼亚;后身,埃塞俄比亚、斯基涅。头部,迈俄提斯湖,以及环绕红海与希尔卡尼亚海居住的诸民族、赫勒斯滂、利比亚海、不列颠与图勒岛;脚,亚美尼亚、卡帕多西亚、罗得、科斯;巨蟹的末端、口部,是穴居人之地、伊奥尼亚、赫勒斯滂。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:巨蟹是月亮之庙,阴性、回归、水性,是宇宙的上升点;生人好荣耀、属群众、多变,言行不一,常漂泊异乡。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
宇宙的上升点Ascendant of the cosmos世界之盘的上升
两栖amphibious水陆两处皆可
无声voiceless声的最低一等
南河三Procyon小犬座亮星
图勒岛Thule传说中极北之岛

🧭 图解与讲解

巨蟹是月亮之庙,阴性、回归、水性,又是「宇宙的上升点」。把本章分散在四个星座下的说法合起来(图一):巨蟹上升,白羊在中天,天秤在天底,摩羯在下降,正好是一张以巨蟹为上升的整宫制星盘。希腊化时代流传「世界诞生之盘」的说法,本章是较早的记载之一。

〔图〕宇宙之盘:巨蟹上升,白羊中天,天秤天底,摩羯下降(整宫制)

〔图〕巨蟹之人:随月亮多变,好群众、好漂泊

巨蟹之人好荣耀、属于群众、好戏剧、爱享乐,判断不定,言行不一,一件事业坚持不了,至多两件,常在漂泊与客居异乡之中(图二)。这与第一章说月亮「由于巨蟹的缘故,不给人笔直的路途」互相印证。

天气、星群、神祇写在本条开头:朝东南的最初两颗星处凶险,到第十度多雨;同升的有天兔座、犬座前身与南河三。原文说巨蟹「有四颗星」,与其他星座二三十颗相比很少,原文如此。分野里赫勒斯滂出现两次,图勒岛是古人所知极北之地。

Leo is masculine, the house of the Sun, free, fiery, temperate, intellectual, royal, steady, good, ascending, changeable, solid, fit to lead, civic, northern, irascible. Those born, then, are distinguished, good, unchanging, just, haters of evil, unsubmissive, haters of flattery, beneficent, elated in their thoughts. And if the ruler happens to be angular, or else with the benefics, they become brilliant, famous, tyrannical, royal. It is scorching, and the bright star in the breast is fiery and stifling; in its parts it has, up to the 20th degree, stifling portions, pestilential to four-footed beasts in the climes and places that lie under it; the right parts cause motion and are fiery; the southern parts are well-moistened; the lower parts are ruinous to everything; the middle and left parts are temperate. Leo has [lacuna] stars. According to the Sphaerica, in the north there rises with it the left arm of Arctophylax; in the south the stern of Argo, and the rest of the Dog and of the Hydra, whose tail extends as far as the claw of Scorpio, and its head as far as the claw of Cancer. Above it stands the Lesser Bear, and along the line stretches the head of the Dragon, which Ophiuchus carries. In the north are the Dolphin, the Lyre, the Yoke, the Bird except for the bright star at its rump, and the head of the Horse.

The climes subject to Leo are: at the head, Celtica and the adjacent places; the forequarters, Bithynia; the right parts, Macedonia and the adjacent places; the left parts, the Propontis; the feet, Galatia; at the belly, Celtica; at the shoulders, Thrace; at the flanks, Phoenicia, the Adriatic, Libya; in the middle, Phrygia, Syria; at the tail, Pessinus.

翻译点开

Leo is masculine, the house of the Sun, free, fiery, temperate, intellectual, royal, steady, good, ascending, changeable, solid, fit to lead, civic, northern, irascible. Those born, then, are distinguished, good, unchanging, just, haters of evil, unsubmissive, haters of flattery, beneficent, elated in their thoughts. And if the ruler happens to be angular, or else with the benefics, they become brilliant, famous, tyrannical, royal. It is scorching, and the bright star in the breast is fiery and stifling; in its parts it has, up to the 20th degree, stifling portions, pestilential to four-footed beasts in the climes and places that lie under it; the right parts cause motion and are fiery; the southern parts are well-moistened; the lower parts are ruinous to everything; the middle and left parts are temperate. Leo has [lacuna] stars. According to the Sphaerica, in the north there rises with it the left arm of Arctophylax; in the south the stern of Argo, and the rest of the Dog and of the Hydra, whose tail extends as far as the claw of Scorpio, and its head as far as the claw of Cancer. Above it stands the Lesser Bear, and along the line stretches the head of the Dragon, which Ophiuchus carries. In the north are the Dolphin, the Lyre, the Yoke, the Bird except for the bright star at its rump, and the head of the Horse.

狮子是阳性,是太阳之庙,自由、火性、温和、属心智、王者、稳固、善、上行、易变、固定、宜于领导、属城邦、北方的、易怒。所以生在其中的人显赫、善良、不变、公正、憎恶邪恶、不肯屈服、憎恶谄媚、乐于施惠、心思高昂。如果主星恰好居角,或与吉星同在,他们就成为光彩、著名、专断如僭主、王者般的人。它灼热,胸前那颗亮星火热而令人窒闷;分部而言,到第二十度为止的部分令人窒闷,对其下的地区与地方的四足牲畜易生瘟疫;右侧部分引起扰动而火热;南方部分湿润适度;下方部分对一切都有毁灭性;中间与左侧部分温和。狮子有〔此处原文有缺〕颗星。据《天球志》,北方与它一同升起的有牧夫座的左臂;南方有南船座的船尾,以及犬座与长蛇座的其余部分,长蛇的尾巴伸到天蝎的螯,头伸到巨蟹的螯。它上方立着小熊座,沿着那条线伸展着天龙座的头,由蛇夫座擎着。北方有海豚座、天琴座、轭、天鹅座(除了尾部那颗亮星)以及飞马座的头。

The climes subject to Leo are: at the head, Celtica and the adjacent places; the forequarters, Bithynia; the right parts, Macedonia and the adjacent places; the left parts, the Propontis; the feet, Galatia; at the belly, Celtica; at the shoulders, Thrace; at the flanks, Phoenicia, the Adriatic, Libya; in the middle, Phrygia, Syria; at the tail, Pessinus.

归属狮子的地区是:头部,凯尔特及毗邻之地;前身,比提尼亚;右侧,马其顿及毗邻之地;左侧,普罗庞提斯;脚,加拉太;腹,凯尔特;肩,色雷斯;两胁,腓尼基、亚得里亚、利比亚;中部,弗里吉亚、叙利亚;尾,佩西努斯。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:狮子是太阳之庙,阳性、火性、王者;生人显赫公正、不肯屈服,主星居角或会吉星则著名如王;胸前亮星火热窒闷。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
居角angular在四角之一
僭主tyrannical独揽大权的统治者
胸前亮星bright star in the breast即轩辕十四
螯claw蟹或蝎的钳
长蛇座Hydra横跨三座的长星群

🧭 图解与讲解

狮子是太阳之庙,阳性、火性、王者、稳固。生人显赫、善良、公正、不肯屈服、憎恶谄媚、乐于施惠;如果主星居角(在上升、中天、下降、天底四角之一),或与吉星同在,就成为光彩著名、如王者般的人(图二)。这与第一章太阳主王权、领导的说法一脉相承。

〔图〕长蛇座从巨蟹之螯伸到天蝎之螯,横卧在狮子之下

〔图〕狮子之人有两层:本色显赫,主星居角或会吉星则更上一层

天气一段说狮子灼热,「胸前那颗亮星」火热而令人窒闷,即今天所说的轩辕十四。到第二十度为止的部分对四足牲畜易生瘟疫,下方部分对一切都有毁灭性。原文星数缺失。

《天球志》的星群描写(图一)提到长蛇座横跨三座:头伸到巨蟹的螯,尾伸到天蝎的螯。原文说天龙座的头「由蛇夫座擎着」,与今日所说蛇夫持蛇不同,本站照原文译出。分野里凯尔特出现两次,佩西努斯是小亚细亚弗里吉亚的城市。

Virgo is the house of Mercury, feminine, winged, human-shaped, delicate; standing in the figure of Justice, bicorporeal, barren, slave-and-free, without offspring, descending, earthy, common, half-voiced and voiceless, bodily, incomplete, changeable, of workshops, of double nature. Those born are good, modest, given to the mysteries, full of cares, passing their lives in varied ways, handlers of other people's property, trustworthy, good stewards, secretaries who rise through words or calculations, dissemblers, curious, initiates into secret things, spending what they have at first but prospering in middle life.

Libra is the house of Venus, masculine, tropical, human-shaped, ascending, airy, feminized, voiced, good, changeable, diminishing of possessions, the IC (the subterranean place) of the cosmos, public, ecliptic, presiding over crops, over wine, oil, and perfume-making, over weights, measures, and workshops. Those born are good and just, yet envious, covetous of other people's goods, moderate, losing what they first acquired and passing through rises and falls, living unevenly, but set over measures or weights or the grain supply.

Scorpio is the house of Mars, feminine, solid, watery, of many seeds, destructive, descending, voiceless, servile, unchanging, a cause of foul smells, taking away possessions, ecliptic, pouring abundantly. Those born are treacherous, wicked, rapacious, murderous, traitors, unchanging, takers of possessions, secret plotters, thieves, perjurers, covetous of other people's goods, accomplices in murders or poisonings or criminal deeds, haters of their own kin.

Sagittarius is the house of Jupiter, masculine, fiery, ascending, voiced, very moist on account of Argo, good, winged, changeable, bicorporeal, of double nature, enigmatic, of few offspring, half-complete, fit to lead, royal. Those born are good, just, great-souled, discerning, generous, loving their brothers and their friends; they diminish what they first acquire and acquire again, overcome their enemies, and are lovers of glory, beneficent, distinguished, handling their affairs enigmatically.

翻译点开

Virgo is the house of Mercury, feminine, winged, human-shaped, delicate; standing in the figure of Justice, bicorporeal, barren, slave-and-free, without offspring, descending, earthy, common, half-voiced and voiceless, bodily, incomplete, changeable, of workshops, of double nature. Those born are good, modest, given to the mysteries, full of cares, passing their lives in varied ways, handlers of other people's property, trustworthy, good stewards, secretaries who rise through words or calculations, dissemblers, curious, initiates into secret things, spending what they have at first but prospering in middle life.

处女是水星之庙,阴性、有翼、人形、娇柔;以正义女神的形象站立,双体、不育、亦奴亦自由、无子、下行、属土、共通、半声与无声、有形体、不全、易变、属作坊、具双重本性。生在其中的人善良、端庄、投身秘仪、多忧、以多样的方式度日、经手他人财产、可信赖、善于管家、凭言辞或计算升迁的书记、善伪装、好奇、秘事的入门者,起初耗费所有,中年却富足起来。

Libra is the house of Venus, masculine, tropical, human-shaped, ascending, airy, feminized, voiced, good, changeable, diminishing of possessions, the IC (the subterranean place) of the cosmos, public, ecliptic, presiding over crops, over wine, oil, and perfume-making, over weights, measures, and workshops. Those born are good and just, yet envious, covetous of other people's goods, moderate, losing what they first acquired and passing through rises and falls, living unevenly, but set over measures or weights or the grain supply.

天秤是金星之庙,阳性、回归、人形、上行、属风、阴性化、有声、善、易变、减损财物,是宇宙的天底(地下之处),公众的、主交食,主管作物,主管酒、油与香料制作,主管衡器、量器与作坊。生在其中的人善良公正,却嫉妒,觊觎他人的财物,有节制,失去起初所得之物,经历起落,生活起伏不齐,却被派去掌管量器、衡器或粮食供应。

Scorpio is the house of Mars, feminine, solid, watery, of many seeds, destructive, descending, voiceless, servile, unchanging, a cause of foul smells, taking away possessions, ecliptic, pouring abundantly. Those born are treacherous, wicked, rapacious, murderous, traitors, unchanging, takers of possessions, secret plotters, thieves, perjurers, covetous of other people's goods, accomplices in murders or poisonings or criminal deeds, haters of their own kin.

天蝎是火星之庙,阴性、固定、水性、多种子、有毁坏性、下行、无声、奴性、不变、致恶臭之因、夺人财物、主交食、倾注丰沛。生在其中的人奸诈、邪恶、贪婪掠夺、好杀、叛徒、不变、夺人财物、暗中图谋、盗贼、伪誓者、觊觎他人财物、杀人或下毒或犯罪之事的同谋、憎恨自己的亲族。

Sagittarius is the house of Jupiter, masculine, fiery, ascending, voiced, very moist on account of Argo, good, winged, changeable, bicorporeal, of double nature, enigmatic, of few offspring, half-complete, fit to lead, royal. Those born are good, just, great-souled, discerning, generous, loving their brothers and their friends; they diminish what they first acquire and acquire again, overcome their enemies, and are lovers of glory, beneficent, distinguished, handling their affairs enigmatically.

射手是木星之庙,阳性、火性、上行、有声,因南船座之故极湿,善、有翼、易变、双体、具双重本性、如谜、少子、半全、宜于领导、王者。生在其中的人善良、公正、心胸宏大、有辨识力、慷慨、爱兄弟、爱朋友;他们减损起初所得的,又再度得到,胜过敌人,爱好荣耀、乐于施惠、显赫,以谜样的方式经营自己的事务。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:处女主书记管家、中年致富;天秤主量衡、生活起落;天蝎生人奸诈好杀、憎恨亲族;射手生人公正慷慨、胜过敌人。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
正义女神Justice处女座的形象
天底IC地平之下的中天
主交食ecliptic日月交食易在此发生
半全half-complete形象只有一半
南船座Argo南天的大星群

🧭 图解与讲解

从处女到射手,四条都很短,只写性质与生人,没有天气、星群、神祇与分野(表一)。处女是水星之庙,「以正义女神的形象站立」,生人做书记、管家,经手他人财产,起初耗费、中年富足。天秤是金星之庙,又是「宇宙的天底」,主作物、酒、油、香料与量衡,生人公正而嫉妒,一生起落,常被派去掌管量器衡器或粮食供应。

这四条只写性质与生人,没有天气、星群与分野
星座庙主阴阳与类别声要点生人(举要)
处女水星阴、双体、属土、下行半声与无声有翼、人形、正义女神之形书记、管家,起初耗费、中年富足
天秤金星阳、回归、属风、上行有声宇宙的天底;主作物、酒油、量衡公正而嫉妒,经历起落,掌量衡粮食
天蝎火星阴、固定、水性、下行无声致恶臭、夺财物、主交食奸诈好杀、暗中图谋、憎恨亲族
射手木星阳、双体、火性、上行有声因南船座而极湿;宜领导、王者公正慷慨、爱兄弟朋友、胜过敌人

〔图〕阳性星座都是「上行」,阴性星座都是「下行」(以这四座为例)

天蝎是火星之庙,水性、固定,所列生人几乎全是恶德:奸诈、好杀、盗贼、伪誓、下毒的同谋、憎恨亲族。射手是木星之庙,生人公正慷慨、爱兄弟朋友、胜过敌人。射手「因南船座之故极湿」,是从它附近的星群推出的性质,与上一条狮子用胸前亮星论天气是同一思路。

把全章合起来看,可以发现一个规律(图二):凡阳性星座都称「上行」,凡阴性星座都称「下行」,没有例外。作者没有解释「上行」「下行」的意思,本站照字面译出,不与「上升点」相混。

Capricorn is the house of Saturn, feminine, tropical, earthy, destructive, without offspring, descending, chilled, voiceless, servile, a cause of evils, licentious, devoted to worship, enigmatic, of double nature, very moist, half-complete, hump-shaped, lame, the Descendant of the cosmos, signifying toils and labors, of stone-cutting, agricultural. Those born are bad, of shifting ways, good and simple in pretence, hard-working, full of cares, wakeful, fond of laughter, plotters of great deeds, seldom erring, quick to repent, criminals, liars, blameworthy, shameful. It is also temperate on both sides; in its parts it has the first destructive, the second very moist, rainy, causing motion, the middle fiery, the last destructive. It has [lacuna] stars. According to the Sphaerica, in the north rise Cassiopeia and the right parts of the Horse; in the south set the hindquarters of the Centaur and the legs of the Hydra as far as the Bowl. Gods: Aphrodite, Selene, Demeter, Hermes. In the north nothing sets.

The climes subject to Capricorn are these, all toward the west and the south: at the sides, the Aegean Sea and those who dwell around it, and Corinth; at the belt, Sicyon; at the back, the Great Sea; at the tail, Iberia; at the head, the Tyrrhenian Sea; and at the belly, Middle Egypt, Syria, Caria.

Aquarius is in heaven a sign masculine, solid, human-shaped, dwelling by the water, of single birth; it is also voiceless, very cold, free, ascending, feminized, unchanging, bad, of few offspring, a cause of toils that come through athletic contests or the carrying of burdens and hard labor, laborious, public. Those born are envious and haters of their own kin, unchanging, single-minded, deluded, treacherous, concealing everything, misanthropic, godless, accusers, betrayers of reputation and truth, envied, petty, though at times generous on account of the outpouring of the water, and licentious. It is wholly very moist; its first parts are very moist, the upper parts fiery, the lower parts mean and useless. It has [lacuna] stars. According to the Sphaerica, in the north rise some of the right parts of Andromeda and the rest of the Horse; in the south, the Southern Fish except for its head. Gods: Hera, Heracles, Hephaestus, Kronos. In the north nothing sets; in the south, the rest of the Centaur and of the Hydra as far as the Raven. The sign lies in the south-west wind, and is assigned to the clime of Egypt and the cities round about: from its southern parts as far as Pselchis, the Dodecaschoenus, and Sycaminus; from its south-western parts as far as the land of Ammon and the cities round about; from its eastern parts as far as the Red Sea, where it touches it; from its northern parts as far as the district of Sebennytus and the Heracleotic mouth. According to the Sphaerica there lies adjacent to it, at the southern pole, the river called Eridanus, and the Great Fish, touching the tail of the Fish. In the northern regions, within the northern pole, is the so-called Bird, above which the Arrow stretches, where the Bear called Cynosura looks toward the north.

The climes assigned to it are these: the forequarters, Syria; the middle, the Euphrates and the Tigris, Egypt and Libya and the adjacent rivers of the Egyptians, and the river Indus; and at the middle of the Urn, the Tanais and the other rivers flowing from beneath the feet toward the south and the west [text uncertain].

翻译点开

Capricorn is the house of Saturn, feminine, tropical, earthy, destructive, without offspring, descending, chilled, voiceless, servile, a cause of evils, licentious, devoted to worship, enigmatic, of double nature, very moist, half-complete, hump-shaped, lame, the Descendant of the cosmos, signifying toils and labors, of stone-cutting, agricultural. Those born are bad, of shifting ways, good and simple in pretence, hard-working, full of cares, wakeful, fond of laughter, plotters of great deeds, seldom erring, quick to repent, criminals, liars, blameworthy, shameful. It is also temperate on both sides; in its parts it has the first destructive, the second very moist, rainy, causing motion, the middle fiery, the last destructive. It has [lacuna] stars. According to the Sphaerica, in the north rise Cassiopeia and the right parts of the Horse; in the south set the hindquarters of the Centaur and the legs of the Hydra as far as the Bowl. Gods: Aphrodite, Selene, Demeter, Hermes. In the north nothing sets.

摩羯是土星之庙,阴性、回归、属土、有毁坏性、无子、下行、受寒、无声、奴性、致恶之因、放荡、敬神、如谜、具双重本性、极湿、半全、驼形、跛足,是宇宙的下降点,主劳苦与劳作,属凿石、属农事。生在其中的人坏、行事多变、假装善良单纯、勤劳、多忧、警醒、爱笑、图谋大事、少犯错、易后悔、作恶者、说谎者、该受指责、可耻。它两边也都温和;分部而言,最初部分有毁坏性,第二部分极湿、多雨、引起扰动,中间火热,最后有毁坏性。它有〔此处原文有缺〕颗星。据《天球志》,北方升起仙后座与飞马座的右侧部分;南方沉没半人马座的后身与长蛇座的腿,直到巨爵座。神祇:阿佛洛狄忒、塞勒涅、得墨忒耳、赫耳墨斯。北方没有什么沉没。

The climes subject to Capricorn are these, all toward the west and the south: at the sides, the Aegean Sea and those who dwell around it, and Corinth; at the belt, Sicyon; at the back, the Great Sea; at the tail, Iberia; at the head, the Tyrrhenian Sea; and at the belly, Middle Egypt, Syria, Caria.

归属摩羯的地区如下,都朝向西方与南方:两侧,爱琴海及其周边居民,以及科林斯;腰带处,西锡安;背,大海;尾,伊比利亚;头,第勒尼安海;腹,中埃及、叙利亚、卡里亚。

Aquarius is in heaven a sign masculine, solid, human-shaped, dwelling by the water, of single birth; it is also voiceless, very cold, free, ascending, feminized, unchanging, bad, of few offspring, a cause of toils that come through athletic contests or the carrying of burdens and hard labor, laborious, public. Those born are envious and haters of their own kin, unchanging, single-minded, deluded, treacherous, concealing everything, misanthropic, godless, accusers, betrayers of reputation and truth, envied, petty, though at times generous on account of the outpouring of the water, and licentious. It is wholly very moist; its first parts are very moist, the upper parts fiery, the lower parts mean and useless. It has [lacuna] stars. According to the Sphaerica, in the north rise some of the right parts of Andromeda and the rest of the Horse; in the south, the Southern Fish except for its head. Gods: Hera, Heracles, Hephaestus, Kronos. In the north nothing sets; in the south, the rest of the Centaur and of the Hydra as far as the Raven. The sign lies in the south-west wind, and is assigned to the clime of Egypt and the cities round about: from its southern parts as far as Pselchis, the Dodecaschoenus, and Sycaminus; from its south-western parts as far as the land of Ammon and the cities round about; from its eastern parts as far as the Red Sea, where it touches it; from its northern parts as far as the district of Sebennytus and the Heracleotic mouth. According to the Sphaerica there lies adjacent to it, at the southern pole, the river called Eridanus, and the Great Fish, touching the tail of the Fish. In the northern regions, within the northern pole, is the so-called Bird, above which the Arrow stretches, where the Bear called Cynosura looks toward the north.

水瓶在天上是一个阳性、固定、人形、傍水而居、独生的星座;它也是无声、极冷、自由、上行、阴性化、不变、凶、少子的,是经由竞技或负重与粗重劳作而来的劳苦之因,劳作的,公众的。生在其中的人嫉妒、憎恨自己的亲族、不变、一意孤行、迷妄、奸诈、事事隐瞒、厌恶人类、不敬神、控告者、出卖名誉与真理的人、遭人嫉妒、吝啬琐碎,却因水的倾泻而有时慷慨,又放纵无度。它整体极湿;最初部分极湿,上方部分火热,下方部分低劣而无用。它有〔此处原文有缺〕颗星。据《天球志》,北方升起仙女座右侧的一些部分与飞马座的其余部分;南方升起南鱼座,除了头部。神祇:赫拉、赫拉克勒斯、赫淮斯托斯、克洛诺斯。北方没有什么沉没;南方沉没半人马座与长蛇座的其余部分,直到乌鸦座。这个星座位于西南风中,配属埃及的地区及其周围城市:从它的南部直到普塞尔基斯、十二斯科伊诺斯地区与叙卡米诺斯;从西南部直到阿蒙之地及周围城市;从东部直到红海与之相接之处;从北部直到塞本尼托斯地区与赫拉克勒亚河口。据《天球志》,靠近它的,在南极处,有名为厄里达诺斯的河与大鱼,触及那条鱼的尾巴。在北方区域,在北极以内,有所谓的天鹅座,其上伸展着天箭座,那里名叫库诺苏拉的熊朝北望着。

The climes assigned to it are these: the forequarters, Syria; the middle, the Euphrates and the Tigris, Egypt and Libya and the adjacent rivers of the Egyptians, and the river Indus; and at the middle of the Urn, the Tanais and the other rivers flowing from beneath the feet toward the south and the west [text uncertain].

配属它的地区是这些:前身,叙利亚;中部,幼发拉底河与底格里斯河、埃及与利比亚及毗邻的埃及诸河,以及印度河;水瓮中部,塔纳伊斯河,以及其他从脚下流向南方与西方的河流〔原文疑有讹误〕。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:摩羯是土星之庙,宇宙的下降点,生人多变、假善而勤劳;水瓶阳性固定,生人孤僻隐瞒,因水倾泻而有时慷慨,配属埃及。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
下降点Descendant西方地平
跛足lame星座形象残缺
独生of single birth一胎只生一个
十二斯科伊诺斯Dodecaschoenus埃及南境一带
水瓮Urn水瓶座所持之瓮

🧭 图解与讲解

摩羯是土星之庙,阴性、回归、属土,是「宇宙的下降点」。生人行事多变、假装善良单纯,却也勤劳、警醒、图谋大事、少犯错、易后悔,毁誉并见。它被称为「驼形」「跛足」,主劳苦与劳作、凿石与农事,这些都带着土星的色彩(图二)。分野「都朝向西方与南方」,包括爱琴海、科林斯、伊比利亚、第勒尼安海等。

水瓶整座配给埃及,再按四方划出边界;作者是埃及以外的人,却对埃及写得最细
方向水瓶所配的埃及疆界(照原文)
南直到普塞尔基斯、十二斯科伊诺斯地区、叙卡米诺斯
西南直到阿蒙之地及周围城市
东直到红海与之相接之处
北直到塞本尼托斯地区与赫拉克勒亚河口

〔图〕摩羯与水瓶同属土星(照通行之说),一阴一阳

水瓶阳性、固定、人形、傍水而居,原文没有说它的庙主(通行之说是土星)。生人嫉妒、孤僻、事事隐瞒、厌恶人类,「却因水的倾泻而有时慷慨」,这又是从星座形象推出性情的例子。它位于西南风中。

水瓶的分野写得特别细(表一):整座配给埃及,南到普塞尔基斯、十二斯科伊诺斯(尼罗河第一瀑布以南一带),东到红海,北到三角洲的塞本尼托斯与赫拉克勒亚河口。下一行又把叙利亚、两河、埃及诸河、印度河、塔纳伊斯河(今顿河)配给水瓶的各部,大约取其「水」意,末句疑有讹误。

Pisces is in heaven feminine, very moist, dwelling by the water, bicorporeal, prolific, lichenous, scaly, sinewy, humped, causing white leprosy, two-formed, voiceless, much-moving, leprous, opposed to itself, because one fish is southern and the other northern. It is also very moist, descending, servile, changeable, prolific, bicorporeal, given to intercourse, mutilated, a cause of wandering, varied. Those born, then, are unstable, ambiguous, changing from bad to good, amorous, devoted to worship, licentious, prolific, men of the crowd. The fishes are wholly cold and windy; in their parts they have the first portions temperate, the middle very moist, the last destructive and mean. It has [lacuna] stars. In the north there rise with it the remaining parts of Andromeda and the rest of Perseus, and the parts on the right and the Triangle beneath Aries [text uncertain]; in the south, the head of the Southern Fish. Gods: Poseidon, Ares, Hermes, Aphrodite, Zeus. In the south the Censer sets, and the rest of the Hydra; in the north nothing. It is assigned to the north wind. It is assigned to the clime of the Red Sea, which has not a few islands beside it, above which lie India and the so-called Indian Ocean; in its eastern parts it has Parthia and the land of India, where it touches it, and the Eastern Ocean; from its northern parts, the Scythian land; and from its south-western parts it touches, washing against them, Myos Hormos, Orthos Hormos, and the cities round about. According to the Sphaerica there lie adjacent to them, toward the northern parts, cut by the northern pole, the Eagle and in some part the Arrow; and within the northern pole, not far distant, is the so-called Pegasus, within the arctic pole.

The arctic pole stands apart from all the sections, lying in the midst of them all, having within itself the Bear called Cynosura, which is carried from the north toward the east, and sometimes also from the south; and the other, called the Lesser Bear, which rises at midnight; these are held by the so-called Arctophylax, who stretches himself out alongside the two Bears; he is invisible at the rising of the two Bears; for the one looks toward the north, and he toward the south.

Also subject to it, part by part, are these climes: the forequarters, the Euphrates and the Tigris; the middle, Syria, the Red Sea; India, the middle; Persis and the adjacent places, the Arabian Sea and the Red Sea, and the river Borysthenes. The tail [text uncertain]: [lacuna] the band toward the rising and of the northern star of the east wind; the southern fish, Thrace, the middle sea, the Borysthenes, Asia, and Sardinia.

红像陶瓶画:两条大鱼一游向上一游向下,中间以带相连
一条鱼在南,另一条在北
翻译点开

Pisces is in heaven feminine, very moist, dwelling by the water, bicorporeal, prolific, lichenous, scaly, sinewy, humped, causing white leprosy, two-formed, voiceless, much-moving, leprous, opposed to itself, because one fish is southern and the other northern. It is also very moist, descending, servile, changeable, prolific, bicorporeal, given to intercourse, mutilated, a cause of wandering, varied. Those born, then, are unstable, ambiguous, changing from bad to good, amorous, devoted to worship, licentious, prolific, men of the crowd. The fishes are wholly cold and windy; in their parts they have the first portions temperate, the middle very moist, the last destructive and mean. It has [lacuna] stars. In the north there rise with it the remaining parts of Andromeda and the rest of Perseus, and the parts on the right and the Triangle beneath Aries [text uncertain]; in the south, the head of the Southern Fish. Gods: Poseidon, Ares, Hermes, Aphrodite, Zeus. In the south the Censer sets, and the rest of the Hydra; in the north nothing. It is assigned to the north wind. It is assigned to the clime of the Red Sea, which has not a few islands beside it, above which lie India and the so-called Indian Ocean; in its eastern parts it has Parthia and the land of India, where it touches it, and the Eastern Ocean; from its northern parts, the Scythian land; and from its south-western parts it touches, washing against them, Myos Hormos, Orthos Hormos, and the cities round about. According to the Sphaerica there lie adjacent to them, toward the northern parts, cut by the northern pole, the Eagle and in some part the Arrow; and within the northern pole, not far distant, is the so-called Pegasus, within the arctic pole.

双鱼在天上是阴性、极湿、傍水而居、双体、多产、生癣、有鳞、多筋、驼背、致白斑癞、双形、无声、多动、生癞、自相对立的,因为一条鱼在南,另一条在北。它也极湿、下行、奴性、易变、多产、双体、好交合、残缺、致漂泊之因、多样。所以生在其中的人不安定、模棱两可、由坏变好、多情、敬神、放荡、多产、属于群众。双鱼整体寒冷多风;分部而言,最初部分温和,中间极湿,最后有毁坏性而低劣。它有〔此处原文有缺〕颗星。北方与它一同升起的有仙女座剩下的部分与英仙座其余部分,以及右侧部分和白羊之下的三角座〔原文疑有讹误〕;南方有南鱼座的头。神祇:波塞冬、阿瑞斯、赫耳墨斯、阿佛洛狄忒、宙斯。南方香炉座与长蛇座的其余部分沉没;北方没有。它配属北风。它配属红海的地区,红海旁有不少岛屿,其上方是印度与所谓的印度洋;在东部,它有帕提亚与印度之地相接,以及东洋;从北部,有斯基泰之地;从西南部,它拍岸触及米奥斯港、奥尔托斯港及周围城市。据《天球志》,靠近它们的,朝北方部分,被北极切过的,有天鹰座和某种程度上的天箭座;在北极以内,相去不远,有所谓的珀伽索斯,在北极圈之内。

The arctic pole stands apart from all the sections, lying in the midst of them all, having within itself the Bear called Cynosura, which is carried from the north toward the east, and sometimes also from the south; and the other, called the Lesser Bear, which rises at midnight; these are held by the so-called Arctophylax, who stretches himself out alongside the two Bears; he is invisible at the rising of the two Bears; for the one looks toward the north, and he toward the south.

北极与所有区段相隔,位于它们全体的中央,其中有名叫库诺苏拉的熊,由北向东运行,有时也由南方;另一只名叫小熊,在午夜升起;这两只熊由所谓的牧夫座掌管,他沿着两只熊伸展身体;两熊升起时他是看不见的;因为一只朝北望,他朝南望。

Also subject to it, part by part, are these climes: the forequarters, the Euphrates and the Tigris; the middle, Syria, the Red Sea; India, the middle; Persis and the adjacent places, the Arabian Sea and the Red Sea, and the river Borysthenes. The tail [text uncertain]: [lacuna] the band toward the rising and of the northern star of the east wind; the southern fish, Thrace, the middle sea, the Borysthenes, Asia, and Sardinia.

按部分归属它的还有这些地区:前身,幼发拉底河与底格里斯河;中部,叙利亚、红海;印度,中部;波西斯及毗邻之地、阿拉伯海与红海,以及波里斯提尼斯河。尾〔原文疑有讹误〕:〔此处原文有缺〕那条带子朝向东升之处,并属东风的北方之星;南边的鱼,色雷斯、中间的海、波里斯提尼斯、亚细亚与撒丁。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:双鱼阴性、极湿、双体,两鱼一南一北而自相对立;生人不安定、多情、由坏变好,配属北风与红海。末附北极两熊之说。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
自相对立opposed to itself两鱼方向相反
白斑癞white leprosy皮肤白斑之病
库诺苏拉Cynosura熊星的古名
北极圈arctic pole常见不没的天区
波里斯提尼斯Borysthenes今第聂伯河

🧭 图解与讲解

双鱼阴性、极湿、双体,「自相对立」,因为两条鱼一条在南、一条在北。性质里有好几项与皮肤病有关:生癣、有鳞、致白斑癞、生癞,这是由「鳞」的形象推来的。生人不安定、模棱两可、多情、放荡、多产,但也「由坏变好」。双鱼配属北风与红海一带。

十二星座性质总表:照本章原文整理,原文没写的项目标「未言」
星座庙主(本章)阴阳类别元素声上行或下行宇宙之盘
白羊火星阳回归火半声上行中天
金牛(未言)阴固定土半声与无声下行—
双子水星阳双体风声美上行—
巨蟹月亮阴回归水无声下行上升点
狮子太阳阳固定火(未言)上行—
处女水星阴双体土半声与无声下行—
天秤金星阳回归风有声上行天底
天蝎火星阴固定水无声下行—
射手木星阳双体火有声上行—
摩羯土星阴回归土无声下行下降点
水瓶(未言)阳固定(未言)无声上行—
双鱼(未言)阴双体(未言)无声下行—

〔图〕双鱼两鱼一南一北,「自相对立」;全章阳性座皆上行、阴性座皆下行

第二十二行忽然离开黄道,讲北极:北极在一切区段的中央,有两只熊,一只叫库诺苏拉,一只叫小熊,由牧夫座掌管。原文对两熊的叫法与今日(库诺苏拉即小熊)不同,本站照原文译出。最后一行又回到双鱼的分野,末句有缺文与讹误。

表一把十二星座整理成总表。可以看出:阴阳从白羊起一阳一阴相间;回归、固定、双体每四座轮一次;四个回归星座恰是宇宙之盘的四角;阳性座都是上行,阴性座都是下行(图二)。原文没写的项目(金牛、水瓶、双鱼的庙主等)标为「未言」,元素照原文所说的火性、属土、属风、水性填入。

原文为公有领域古籍;翻译、印象画与图文解读由 AI 辅助生成,鲲侯审校。