卷四·第十章　论分时

As we have treated systematically under its several heads the outline of each kind of inquiry only so far as to explain the general doctrine, which was our original intention, it would remain to add in the same manner any observations that should be made about the division of times, in such manner as to agree with nature and to be consistent with the specific doctrines which have already been set forth.

我们已经分门别类、有系统地论述了每一种探究的纲要，只讲到足以说明总的学说为止，这原是我们最初的意图；剩下的，便是以同样的方式，补上关于分时应当说的话，使之合乎自然，并与前面已经阐明的各项具体学说相一致。

So then, as, among all genethlialogical inquiries whatever, a more general destiny takes precedence of all particular considerations, namely, that of country of birth, to which the major details of a geniture are naturally subordinate, such as the topics of the form of the body, the character of the soul and the variations of manners and customs, it is also necessary that he who makes his inquiry naturally should always hold first to the primary and more authoritative cause, lest, misled by the similarity of genitures, he should unwittingly call, let us say, the Ethiopian white or straight-haired, and the German or Gaul black-skinned and woolly-haired, or the latter gentle in character, fond of discussion, or fond of contemplation, and the Greeks savage of soul and untutored of mind; or, again, on the subject of marriage, lest he mistake the appropriate customs and manners by assigning, for example, marriage with a sister to one who is Italian by race, instead of to the Egyptian as he should, and a marriage with his mother to this latter, though it suits the Persian.

那么，正如在一切本命占的探究中，一种更普遍的命运——即出生之国的命运——优先于一切个别的考虑，命盘的主要细节，诸如身体的形貌、灵魂的品性、风俗习惯的差异等题目，自然都从属于它；同样，按自然之理来探究的人，也必须始终先把握首要而更有权威的原因，以免被命盘的相似所误，不知不觉地，比方说，把埃塞俄比亚人说成白皮肤或直头发，把日耳曼人或高卢人说成黑皮肤、卷发，或说后者性情温和、好辩论、好沉思，而说希腊人灵魂野蛮、心智未开；又或者在婚姻的题目上，弄错了相应的风俗习惯，比如把娶姊妹的婚姻归给意大利血统的人，而不是如应当的那样归给埃及人，又把娶母亲的婚姻归给后者，其实那合于波斯人。

Thus in general it is needful first to apprehend universal conditions of destiny, and then to attach to them the particular conditions which relate to degree. In the same fashion likewise, dealing with the division of time, one must take as a basis in each single prediction the differences and special properties of the temporal ages, and see to it that we do not, in the ordinary, simple treatment of matters incident to the inquiry, carelessly assign to a babe action or marriage, or anything that belongs to adults, or to an extremely old man the begetting of children or anything else that fits younger men; but once and for all let us harmonize those details which are contemplated in temporal terms with that which is suitable and possible for persons in the various age-classes.

所以一般说来，必须先掌握命运的普遍条件，再把与程度相关的个别条件附加上去。同样，在处理分时的时候，每一次预言都必须以各个年龄段的差异与特性为基础，留意在寻常、简单地处理探究中附带的事项时，不要随随便便地把事业、婚姻，或任何属于成年人的事归给婴孩，也不要把生儿育女或任何适合较年轻者的事归给极老的人；而要一劳永逸地，使那些从时间角度考察的细节，与各个年龄层的人合宜而可能的情形相协调。

For in the matter of the age-divisions of mankind in general there is one and the same approach, which for likeness and comparison depends upon the order of the seven planets; it begins with the first age of man and with the first sphere from us, that is, the moon's, and ends with the last of the ages and the outermost of the planetary spheres, which is called that of Saturn.

因为就人类一般的年龄划分而言，有同一种方法，它为了相似与比较而依凭七颗行星的次序：从人的第一个年龄、从离我们最近的第一层天球——即月亮的天球——开始，到最后一个年龄、到诸行星天球中最外的一层——即所谓土星的天球——为止。

And in truth the accidental qualities of each of the ages are those which are naturally proper to the planet compared with it, and these it will be needful to observe, in order that by this means we may investigate the general questions of the temporal divisions, while we determine particular differences from the special qualities which are discovered in the nativities.

实际上，每个年龄的偶有之质，正是与之相比配的那颗行星自然固有的性质；这些都必须观察，以便借此探究分时的一般问题，而个别的差异，则从本命中所发现的特性来判定。

For up to about the fourth year, following the number which belongs to the quadriennium, the moon takes over the age of infancy and produces the suppleness and lack of fixity in its body, its quick growth and the moist nature, as a rule, of its food, the changeability of its condition, and the imperfection and inarticulate state of its soul, suitably to her own active qualities.

因为直到大约第四年为止，依照属于四年周期的那个数，月亮接管婴儿期，造成其身体的柔软与不定、迅速的生长、食物大多湿润的性质、状况的多变，以及灵魂的不完善与未能言语——这都合乎她自己的作用性质。

In the following period of ten years, Mercury, to whom falls the second place and the second age, that of childhood, for the period which is half of the space of twenty years, begins to articulate and fashion the intelligent and logical part of the soul, to implant certain seeds and rudiments of learning, and to bring to light individual peculiarities of character and faculties, awaking the soul at this stage by instruction, tutelage, and the first gymnastic exercises.

在接下来的十年里，水星——第二个位置与第二个年龄、即童年，归他所有，为期是二十年的一半——开始使灵魂中有理智、能推理的部分分明成形，种下学问的某些种子与初步，显露出性格与才能的个人特点，在这一阶段借教导、监护与最初的体育锻炼唤醒灵魂。

Venus, taking in charge the third age, that of youth, for the next eight years, corresponding in number to her own period, begins, as is natural, to inspire, at their maturity, an activity of the seminal passages and to implant an impulse toward the embrace of love. At this time particularly a kind of frenzy enters the soul, incontinence, desire for any chance sexual gratification, burning passion, guile, and the blindness of the impetuous lover.

金星接管第三个年龄，即青春期，为期其后的八年，与她自己周期的数目相当；她照常理开始在人成熟之时激发生殖管道的活动，并植入一种趋向爱之拥抱的冲动。尤其在这个时候，一种狂热进入灵魂，还有放纵、对任何偶然的情欲满足的欲求、炽烈的激情、诡诈，以及冲动的恋人的盲目。

The lord of the middle sphere, the sun, takes over the fourth age, which is the middle one in order, young manhood, for the period of nineteen years, wherein he implants in the soul at length the mastery and direction of its actions, desire for substance, glory, and position, and a change from playful, ingenuous error to seriousness, decorum, and ambition.

中间那层天球之主——太阳——接管第四个年龄，即次序居中的那一个，青年期，为期十九年；在这期间，他终于在灵魂中植入对自身行动的掌控与引导，对家产、荣耀与地位的渴求，并使人从嬉戏而天真的过失，转向严肃、端庄与进取之心。

After the sun, Mars, fifth in order, assumes command of manhood for the space of fifteen years, equal to his own period. He introduces severity and misery into life, and implants cares and troubles in the soul and in the body, giving it, as it were, some sense and notion of passing its prime and urging it, before it approaches its end, by labour to accomplish something among its undertakings that is worthy of note.

太阳之后，次序第五的火星接掌壮年，为期十五年，与他自己的周期相等。他给生活带来严厉与苦楚，在灵魂与身体中植入忧虑与烦恼，仿佛让人感觉到、意识到自己正在度过盛年，并催促人在走近终点之前，努力在自己的事业中完成某件值得一提的事。

Sixth, Jupiter, taking as his lot the elderly age, again for the space of his own period, twelve years, brings about the renunciation of manual labour, toil, turmoil, and dangerous activity, and in their place brings decorum, foresight, retirement, together with all-embracing deliberation, admonition, and consolation; now especially he brings men to set store by honour, praise, and independence, accompanied by modesty and dignity.

第六，木星以老年为其分，又是为期他自己的周期，即十二年；他使人舍弃体力劳作、辛劳、纷扰与危险的活动，代之以端庄、远虑、退隐，以及无所不包的深思、劝诫与慰藉；尤其在此时，他使人看重荣誉、称赞与自主，并伴之以谦逊与尊严。

Finally to Saturn falls as his lot old age, the latest period, which lasts for the rest of life. Now the movements both of body and soul are cooled and impeded in their impulses, enjoyments, desires, and speed; for the natural decline supervenes upon life, which has become worn down with age, dispirited, weak, easily offended, and hard to please in all situations, in keeping with the sluggishness of his movements.

最后，暮年这最后的时期归于土星，持续余生。此时身体与灵魂的运动都冷却下来，冲动、享乐、欲望与速度都受到阻滞；因为自然的衰退降临到已被岁月磨损的生命上，它变得沮丧、虚弱、容易被冒犯、事事难以讨好，与他运动的迟缓相应。

The foregoing, then, may be taken as a preliminary description of the characteristics of the ages of life, viewed generally and in accordance with the ordinary course of nature. But as for particulars, which are to be discovered from the peculiarities of the nativities, some of them again we shall base upon the general considerations already set forth, that is, upon the prorogations of greatest authority, all of them, however, and not one, as in the case of the space of life.

以上，可以当作对人生诸龄特征的初步描述，是就一般而言、按照自然的寻常进程来看的。至于个别之事，要从本命的特性中去发现，其中有些我们仍以前面已阐明的普遍考虑为基础，即以最有权威的那些释放为基础——不过是全部都用，而不是像论寿限时那样只用一个。

We shall apply the prorogation from the horoscope to events relating to the body and to journeys abroad; that from the Lot of Fortune to matters of property; that from the moon to affections of the soul and to marriage; that from the sun to dignities and glory; that from the mid‑heaven to the other details of the conduct of life, such as actions, friendships, and the begetting of children.

我们把从上升点起的释放用于有关身体的事与出国远行；从福点起的，用于财产之事；从月亮起的，用于灵魂的感受与婚姻；从太阳起的，用于尊位与荣耀；从中天起的，用于生活作为的其他细节，如事业、朋友与生儿育女。

For thus it will come about that one beneficent or maleficent star will not be the ruler of all of them on the same occasion, for usually many contradictory events take place at the same time. One may, for example, lose a relative and receive an inheritance, or at once be prostrated by illness and gain some dignity and promotion, or in the midst of misfortune become the father of children, or have other experiences of this sort which are apt to occur.

因为这样一来，就不会有一颗吉星或凶星在同一时候成为所有这些事的主宰；因为通常许多相互矛盾的事会同时发生。比如，一个人可能失去一位亲属而又得到一份遗产，或同时病倒在床而又获得某种尊位与晋升，或在不幸之中成为人父，或有其他这一类容易发生的经历。

For it is not usual that alike in goodness or badness of body, soul, property, dignity, and companions, one must by very necessity be either fortunate, or, again, unfortunate in all these particulars. This, to be sure, might perhaps happen upon occasions that are completely blessed or completely unhappy, when the occourses of all the beneficent planets, or of all the maleficent planets, converge upon all or the majority of the prorogations. Rarely would this take place, however, because human nature is imperfectly adapted to either one of the extremes, but is inclined toward the balance of good and evil arising from their alternation.

因为通常并不是这样：在身体、灵魂、财产、尊位与伴侣的好坏上都一样，一个人必然在所有这些方面要么全都幸运、要么又全都不幸。诚然，在全然有福或全然不幸的场合，当所有吉星或所有凶星的会遇都汇聚到全部或大多数释放之上时，这种事也许会发生。然而这很少出现，因为人的本性不大适合任一极端，而倾向于由好坏交替而来的平衡。

We shall, then, make distinctions among the prorogatory places in the manner described, and as for the stars whose occourses take place in the prorogations, we must take into account not only the destructive ones, as in the case of the length of life, but absolutely all of them, and similarly not those alone that meet the prorogation only bodily, or by opposition, or in quartile, but also those that are in the trine and sextile aspects.

所以，我们要按所述的方式区分各个释放之位；至于在释放中发生会遇的星，我们不仅要像论寿限时那样考虑杀星，而是绝对要考虑全部；同样，不仅要考虑那些只以体合、对冲或四分与释放会遇的星，也要考虑那些成三分与六分相的星。

In the first place, we must give the rulership of the times in each prorogation to the star that is actually upon the prorogatory degree or in aspect to it, or, if this condition does not exist, to the one that most nearly precedes, until we come to another which is in aspect with the next following degree in the order of the signs; then to this as far as the next following, and so on; and the planets which govern the terms are to be given a part of the rulership.

首先，在每一个释放中，我们要把各时段的主宰之权，给予恰好位于释放之度上、或与之成相位的星；若没有这种情况，就给予在它之前最近的那一颗，直到我们来到另一颗与按星座次序紧随其后之度成相位的星为止；然后给予这一颗，直到再下一颗，依此类推；主管界的行星也要分得一部分主宰之权。

And again we must assign years to the degrees of the intervals: in the prorogation from the horoscope a number equal to the times of ascension in the latitude concerned; in the prorogation from mid‑heaven, as many as the times of the culminations; and in the prorogations from all the others, in proportion to or in accordance with the nearness of the risings, or settings, or culminations, to the angles, as we explained in the discussion of the length of life.

我们还必须给各段间隔的度数配上年数：从上升点起的释放，取所在纬度的上升时间之数；从中天起的释放，取上中天时间之数；从其余诸位起的释放，则按它们的升起、沉没或上中天离四角的远近，成比例地、或相应地来定，正如我们在论寿数时所解释的。

We shall discover the general chronocrators, then, in the manner described, and the annual chronocrators by setting out from each of the prorogatory places, in the order of the signs, the number of years from birth, one year to each sign, and taking the ruler of the last sign. We shall do the same thing for the months, setting out, again, the number of months from the month of birth, starting from the places that govern the year, twenty-eight days to a sign; and similarly for the days, we shall set out the number of the days from the day of birth, starting with the places which govern the months, two and a third days to a sign.

这样，我们便按上述方式找出总时主；而年主，则是从每一个释放之位出发，按星座的次序，数出自降生以来的年数，每一年一个星座，取最后那个星座的主星。月份也照样做：从主管该年的位置出发，再数出自降生之月以来的月数，每一个星座二十八日；日也同样：从主管该月的位置出发，数出自降生之日以来的日数，每一个星座二又三分之一日。

We must also pay attention to the ingresses which are made to the places of the times, for they play no small part in the prediction of the times of events; particularly to the ingresses of Saturn to the general places of the times, and to those of Jupiter to the places of the years; to those of the sun, Mars, Venus, and Mercury to those of the months, and to the transits of the moon to those of the days.

我们还必须留意诸星对各时之位的进入，因为它们在预言事件的时间上起着不小的作用：尤其是土星进入总时之位，木星进入年之位，太阳、火星、金星、水星进入月之位，以及月亮对日之位的行经。

The reason for this is that the general chronocrators have greater authority to realize the prediction, while the partial chronocrators assist or deter, in accordance with the familiarity or unfamiliarity of their natures, and the ingresses influence the degree of increase or diminution in the event.

理由在于：总时主有较大的权威使预言实现，部分时主则依其本性有无亲缘而助之或阻之，而进入则影响事件增减的程度。

For in general the special quality and the length of time are signified by the prorogatory place and the lord of the general times together with the lord of the terms, because each one of the planets at the very time of the nativity is made familiar with the places which they happened at first to govern.

因为一般说来，特殊的性质与时间的长短，由释放之位与总时之主、连同界主一起来表示；因为每一颗行星在降生之时，就已与它起初碰巧主管的那些位置有了亲缘。

Whether the event will be good or bad is discovered from the natural and composite properties of the chronocrators, whether they are beneficent or maleficent, and from their original familiarity with or antipathy to the places which they possess. At what time the predicted event will be evidenced is shown by the aspects of the annual and monthly signs to the places which furnish the causes, and by the aspects of the signs into which the planets are making ingress and in which the phases of the sun and moon occur to the annual and monthly signs.

事件将是好是坏，要从时主们的本性与组合性质——它们是吉星还是凶星——以及它们起初与所据之位的亲缘或相斥来发现。所预言之事将在什么时候显现，则由年之星座与月之星座对提供原因之位的相位来显示，也由行星正在进入的星座、以及日月相变发生的星座对年之星座与月之星座的相位来显示。

For those whose relation to the affected places under consideration is harmonious from the beginning made in the nativity, and which in their ingresses are in favourable aspect to them, exert a good effect upon the species of the matter concerned, even as they cause evil if they oppose. And those which are inharmoniously related and of opposite sect cause evil if they are in opposition or in quartile to the transits, but not in the other aspects.

因为那些从本命起初就与所论受影响之位关系和谐、而在进入时又与之成有利相位的星，会对相关之事的类别产生好的作用，正如它们若与之相对，就会致恶。而那些关系不和谐、又属相反昼夜之分的星，若与行经之处成对冲或四分，便致恶，在其他相位则不然。

And if the same planets are lords of both the times and the ingresses, the nature of the predicted event is made excessive and unalloyed, whether it incline to the good or to the bad; all the more so if they govern the species of the cause not only because they are chronocrators, but also because they ruled it originally in the nativity. The subjects are unfortunate or fortunate in all respects at once, whenever either all or most of the prorogations are found in one and the same place, or if these are different, whenever all or most of the occourses occurring at the same times are similarly fortunate or unfortunate. The character of the investigation of the times, then, is of this fashion, by the style which agrees with the natural procedures.

若同样的行星既是时间之主、又是进入之主，所预言之事的性质便会过度而纯一，无论偏于好还是偏于坏；若它们主管该原因的类别，不仅因为是时主，也因为在本命中起初就主管它，就更是如此。每当全部或大多数释放都落在同一处，或者虽然各在不同之处，而同一时候发生的全部或大多数会遇也同样吉或同样凶时，当事人便在所有方面同时不幸或幸运。对分时的探究，其方式便是这样，依循合乎自然程序的路数。

Conclusion according to Parisinus 2425: At this point, however, the method of attacking, in particular cases, the problem of the quality of temporal predictions, with a complete account of the results, which is a complicated matter difficult of explanation, must, in accordance with our original programme, be left to the astrologer's good judgement of the matter of temperaments, for thereby he is able correctly to accommodate to specific instances the effective force of the stars' general nature. Now since the topic of nativities has been summarily reviewed, it would be well to bring this procedure also to a fitting close.

（据巴黎抄本 2425 的结尾）然而，到了这里，在个别情形中处理时间预言之性质这一问题的方法，连同对结果的完整说明——这是件复杂而难以解释的事——必须依照我们起初的计划，留给星占家对诸气质之事的良好判断，因为借此他便能正确地把诸星一般本性的作用之力，调适到具体的事例上。既然本命这一题目已经扼要地评述过了，那么也让这番论述有个合适的收尾才好。

Conclusion according to MAD Proc. Cam.: We shall, however, omit adding at this point a detailed account of the kinds of predicted events that happen at the times, on account of the plan which I stated at the outset, namely that the effective power which the planets exercise in general situations can be made to apply similarly and consistently in particular cases also, if the cause furnished by the astrologer and the cause arising from the mixture are combined with due skill.

（据 MAD 诸抄本、普罗克洛斯释本、卡梅拉里乌斯本的结尾）不过，我们在此略去不补的，是关于在各个时段发生的那些所预言之事的种类的详细说明，这是由于我在开头所说的计划，即：诸行星在一般情形中所施的作用之力，只要把星占家所提供的原因与由混合而生的原因巧妙地结合起来，也能同样而一贯地应用到个别情形上。