卷二·第十二章　论天气的细推

Now that these facts have been stated in introduction, the method of dealing with the significations in detail involves the following procedure. For one method is that which is more generally conceived, with relation to the quarters, which will demand, as we have said, that we observe the new moons or full moons which most nearly precede the solstitial and equinoctial signs, and that, as the degree of the new moon or of the full moon may fall in each latitude investigated, we dispose the angles as in a nativity.

这些事作为引论既已讲明，逐项处理各种征示的方法，便有如下的步骤。第一种方法是较为总体的构想，关乎四个象限：如我们说过的，它要求观察在至点星座与分点星座之前最近的新月或满月，并且按新月或满月的度数在所考察的每一纬度上落在何处，像排本命一样排出四角。

It will then be necessary to determine the rulers of the place of the new moon or full moon and of the angle that follows it, after the fashion explained by us in the preceding sections dealing with eclipses, and thus to judge of the general situation from the special nature of the quarters, and determine the question of degree of intensification and relaxation from the nature of the ruling planets, their qualities, and the kinds of weather which they produce.

然后，须照我们在前面论交食的各节里讲过的方式，定出新月或满月所在之位以及随后那个角的主星；这样，便可由各象限的特性判断总体情势，再由主星的本性、它们的性质以及它们所造成的天气种类，判定加强与减弱的程度问题。

The second mode of procedure is based on the month. In this it will be necessary for us to examine in the same way the new moons or full moons that take place, in the several signs, observing only this, that, if a new moon occurs nearest to the solstitial or equinoctial sign just past, we should use the new moons which take place as far as the next quadrant, and in the case of a full moon the full moons.

第二种步骤以月为准。在这里，我们须以同样的方式考察发生在各个星座中的新月或满月，只需注意一点：若紧挨在刚过去的至点或分点星座之前发生的是新月，便用此后直到下一个象限为止所发生的新月；若是满月，便用满月。

It will be needful similarly that we observe the angles and the rulers of both the places, and especially the nearest appearances of the planets, and their applications and recessions, the peculiar properties of the planets and of their places, and the winds which are aroused both by the planets themselves and by the parts of the signs in which they chance to be; still further, to what wind the latitude of the moon is inclined through the obliquity of the ecliptic.

同样，我们须观察四角以及两处之位的主星，尤其要看诸行星最近的显现、它们的入相与离相、诸行星及其所在之位的特性，以及由行星本身和它们恰好所在的星座部分所引起的风；此外，还要看月亮的黄纬因黄道倾斜而偏向哪一方的风。

From all these facts, by means of the principle of prevalence, we may predict the general conditions of weather and the winds of the months.

根据所有这些事实，凭着「以占优者为准」的原则，我们就能预言各月天气的总体状况与风。

The third step is to observe the even more minutely detailed indications of relaxation and intensification. This observation is based upon the configurations of the sun and the moon successively, not merely the new moons and full moons, but also the half moons, in which case the change signified generally has its beginning three days before, and sometimes three days after, the moon's progress matches that of the sun. It is based also upon their aspects to the planets, when they are at each of the positions of this kind, or likewise others, such as trine and sextile.

第三步是观察减弱与加强的更为细微的征示。这种观察依据日月相继形成的格局，不只是新月与满月，还有半月；这时所示的变化，通常在月亮的行进与太阳相应之前三天开始，有时则在其后三天。它也依据日月处在每一个这类位置时与诸行星的相位，同样也依据日月的其他位置，如三分与六分。

For it is in accordance with the nature of these that the special quality of the change is apprehended, in harmony with the natural affinities of the attending planets and of the signs of the zodiac for the ambient and the winds.

因为变化的特殊性质，正是按照这些格局的本性来把握的，并与在场诸行星以及黄道星座对周天和风的自然亲缘相协调。

The day by day intensifications of these particular qualities are brought about chiefly when the more brilliant and powerful of the fixed stars make appearances, matutine or vespertine, at rising or setting, with respect to the sun. For ordinarily they modulate the particular conditions to accord with their own natures, and none the less too when the luminaries are passing over one of the angles.

这些特殊性质一日一日的加强，主要发生在较亮、较有力的恒星相对于太阳，在清晨或黄昏升起或沉没而显现之时。因为通常它们会把特殊的状况调得合乎自己的本性；两光经过某一个角的时候，也同样如此。

For the hour by hour intensifications and relaxations of the weather vary in response to such positions of the stars as these, in the same way that the ebb and flow of the tide respond to the phases of the moon, and the changes in the air-currents are brought about especially at such appearances of the luminaries at the angles, in the direction of those winds towards which the latitude of the moon is found to be inclining.

因为天气一时一时的加强与减弱，随诸星的这类位置而变化，正如潮汐的涨落应和着月相；而气流的变化，尤其在两光这样出现在四角之时发生，朝着月亮黄纬所偏向的那一方的风。

In every case, however, one should draw his conclusions on the principle that the universal and primary underlying cause takes precedence and that the cause of particular events is secondary to it, and that the force is most ensured and strengthened when the stars which are the lords of the universal natures are configurated with the particular causes.

不过，无论何时，都应当按这样的原则下结论：普遍而首要的根本原因居先，个别事件的原因次于它；而当主宰普遍性质的诸星与个别的原因形成格局时，力量最为确定、最为强大。