卷二·第七章　论受影响的类别

The third heading is that of generic classification, whereby one must determine what classes the event will affect. This is ascertained from the special nature and form of the zodiacal signs in which happen to be the places of the eclipses and in which are the heavenly bodies, planets and fixed stars alike, that govern both the sign of the eclipse and that of the angle preceding the eclipse. In the case of the planets we discover the rulership of these regions thus:

第三个门类是类属的划分，借以确定事件将影响哪些类别。这要从星座的特性与形状来查明：一是交食之处所在的星座，二是那些天体——行星与恒星都算——所在的星座，它们主宰着交食所在的星座，以及交食之前那个角所在的星座。就行星而言，这两个区域的主宰我们这样找出：

The one which has the greatest number of relationships to both the regions aforesaid, that of the eclipse and that of the angle which follows it, both by virtue of the nearest visible applications or recessions, and by those of the aspects which bear a relation, and furthermore by rulership of the houses, triangles, exaltations, and terms, that planet alone will hold the dominance.

哪颗行星与上述两个区域——交食的区域，和随其后的那个角的区域——关系最多，无论是凭最近的、可见的入相或离相，凭有关的相位，还是凭庙、三方、旺、界的主宰，那颗行星就独掌主宰。

However, if the same planet is not found to be both lord of the eclipse and of the angle, we must take together the two which have the greatest number of familiarities, as aforesaid, to either one of the regions, giving preference to the lord of the eclipse. And if several rivals be found on either count, we shall prefer for the domination the one which is closest to an angle, or is more significant, or is more closely allied by sect.

不过，如果找不到同一颗行星既是交食之主、又是该角之主，就要把分别与两个区域之一亲缘最多（如上所述）的两颗行星合起来取用，而以交食之主为先。若在任何一方面发现有几颗相争，我们就取最接近某个角的、或更显著的、或在昼夜之分上更相合的那一颗来主宰。

In the case of the fixed stars, we shall take the first one of the brilliant stars which signifies upon the preceding angle at the actual time of the eclipse, according to the nine kinds of visible aspects defined in our first compilation, and the star which of the group visible at the time of the eclipse has either risen or reached meridian with the angle following the place of the eclipse.

就恒星而言，我们取明亮恒星中的第一颗：它在交食的确切时刻，按我们第一部著作所定义的九种可见形态之一，对前面那个角有所预示；还取交食时可见的群星中，与交食之处后面那个角一同升起、或一同到达中天的那颗星。

When we have thus reckoned the stars that share in causing the event, let us also consider the forms of the signs of the zodiac in which the eclipse and the dominating stars as well happened to be, since from their character the quality of the classes affected is generally discerned. Constellations of human form, both in the zodiac and among the fixed stars, cause the event to concern the human race. Of the other terrestrial signs, the four-footed are concerned with the four-footed dumb animals, and the signs formed like creeping things with serpents and the like.

这样算出共同造成事件的诸星之后，我们还要考察交食以及主宰之星所在星座的形状，因为受影响者是哪一类，大体可以从这些星座的特性辨别出来。人形的星座，无论在黄道上还是在恒星之中，都使事件关乎人类。其余的陆生星座中，四足的关乎四足的不能言语的动物，形如爬行之物的关乎蛇类之属。

Again, the animal signs have significance for the wild animals and those which injure the human race; the tame signs concern the useful and domesticated animals, and those which help to gain prosperity, in consistency with their several forms; for example, horses, oxen, sheep, and the like. Again, of the terrestrial signs, the northern tend to signify sudden earthquakes and the southern unexpected rains from the sky.

再者，兽类的星座预示野兽以及伤害人类的动物；驯良的星座关乎有用的、家养的动物，以及帮人谋得富足的动物，各依其形状而定，例如马、牛、羊之类。还有，陆生星座中偏北的往往预示突如其来的地震，偏南的预示意想不到的天降大雨。

Yet again, those dominant regions that are in the form of winged creatures, such as Virgo, Sagittarius, Cygnus, Aquila, and the like, exercise an effect upon winged creatures, particularly those which are used for human food, and if they are in the form of swimming things, upon water animals and fish. And of these, in the constellations pertaining to the sea, such as Cancer, Capricorn, and the Dolphin, they influence the creatures of the sea and the sailing of fleets.

此外，居主宰地位的区域若呈有翼生物之形，例如处女、射手、天鹅、天鹰之类，就作用于有翼的生物，尤其是供人食用的那些；若呈游水之物的形状，就作用于水中动物与鱼类。其中，在属海的星座，例如巨蟹、摩羯与海豚，它们影响海中的生物和船队的航行。

In the constellations pertaining to rivers, such as Aquarius and Pisces, they concern the creatures of rivers and springs, and in Argo they affect both classes alike. Likewise stars in the solstitial or equinoctial signs have significance in general for the conditions of the air and the seasons related to each of these signs, and in particular they concern the spring and things which grow from the earth.

在属河的星座，例如水瓶与双鱼，它们关乎河流与泉水中的生物；在南船座，则两类一并影响。同样，位于至点星座或分点星座的星，大体上预示空气的状况和与各该星座相关的季节，具体而言关乎春天和从地里生长的东西。

For when they are at the spring equinox they affect the new shoots of the arboreal crops, such as grapes and figs, and whatever matures with them; at the summer solstice, the gathering and storing of the crops, and in Egypt, peculiarly, the rising of the Nile; at the autumn solstice they concern the sowing, the hay crops, and such; and at the winter equinox the vegetables and the kinds of birds and fish most common at this season.

因为它们在春分时，作用于树上作物的新芽，例如葡萄与无花果，以及与之同时成熟的一切；在夏至时，作用于庄稼的收获与储藏，在埃及则特别关乎尼罗河的上涨；在秋分时，关乎播种、干草作物之类；在冬至时，关乎蔬菜，以及这一季最常见的各种鸟和鱼。

Further, the equinoctial signs have significance for sacred rites and the worship of the gods; the solstitial signs, for changes in the air and in political customs; the solid signs, for foundations and the construction of houses; the bicorporeal, for men and kings. Similarly, those which are closer to the orient at the time of the eclipse signify what is to be concerning the crops, youth, and foundations; those near the mid‑heaven above the earth, concerning sacred rites, kings, and middle age; and those near the occident, concerning change of customs, old age, and those who have passed away.

再者，分点星座预示祭祀与对神的敬拜；至点星座预示空气的变化与政治习俗的变化；固定星座预示奠基与房屋的营造；双体星座预示人与君王。同样，交食时较靠近东方的，预示庄稼、青年与奠基方面将要发生的事；靠近地平之上中天的，预示祭祀、君王与中年；靠近西方的，预示习俗的改变、老年与已故之人。

To the question, how large a portion of the class involved will the event affect, the answer is supplied by the extent of the obscuration of the eclipses, and by the positions relative to the place of the eclipse held by the stars which furnish the cause. For when they are occidental to solar eclipses, or oriental to lunar, they usually affect a minority; in opposition, a half; and the majority, if they are oriental to solar eclipses or occidental to lunar.

至于事件会影响所涉类别中多大的一部分，答案取决于交食遮蔽的程度，以及提供起因的诸星相对于交食之处的位置。因为它们在日食时若西入，或在月食时若东出，通常只影响少数；若成对冲，影响一半；若在日食时东出，或在月食时西入，则影响多数。