第一部·星位数字的读法　第五至九则　赤经、斜升与离宫的距离

CANON V.

第五则。

Right Ascension.

赤经。

This you will have from the proper table; and if the given place be in the ecliptic, so as to have no latitude, look for the right ascension under the column 0° 0', and in the common angle you have it, by taking the proportional part for the minute of longitude, if there are any, as in Canon I. In the nativity of Charles V. the Sun is in 14° 30' of ♓, the right ascension of 14 of ♓, is 345 16; for the 30', 28 are due, to be added, and the Sun's right ascension becomes 345° 44'.

这可从专门的表中得到；若给定的位置在黄道上，没有纬度，就在零度零分的栏下找赤经，在共同的格中就得到它，若有黄经的分数，就取比例部分，如第一则。在查理五世的本命中，太阳在双鱼十四度三十分，双鱼十四度的赤经是三百四十五度十六分；为那三十分，应得二十八分，要加上，太阳的赤经成为三百四十五度四十四分。

If the given place be not in the ecliptic, but has latitude from it, and is in the integral degrees, both according to extent and breadth in the common angle, you will have the right ascension: but if there are likewise minutes, let the proportional part be taken, as in Canon I.

若给定的位置不在黄道上，而离黄道有纬度，且黄经与纬度都在整度上，你在共同的格中就得到赤经：但若也带分，就照第一则取比例部分。

CANON VI.

第六则。

This Canon, consisting of tables, will be given in a future volume.

这一则由表组成，将在以后的一卷中给出。

CANON VII.

第七则。

Oblique Ascension and Descension,

斜升与斜降，

Will be had by substracting the ascensional difference from the right ascension of the star, if its declination be northern; but if south, by adding the ascensional difference to the right ascension, and the remainder is the oblique ascension. Lastly, if it has no declination, that right ascension becomes oblique ascension; on the contrary, the descension will be found, by adding; if the declination be northern, by substracting; if south, from the right ascension.

求法如下：星的赤纬若为北，就从它的赤经中减去上升差；若为南，就把上升差加到赤经上，所得之数就是斜升。最后，若它没有赤纬，那赤经就成为斜升；反之，斜降的求法是：赤纬为北时，加到赤经上；为南时，从赤经中减去。

Example: 1° 23' of ♉, the declination is 12°; its ascensional difference at the Pole's elevation 42°, we have mentioned in Canon II. which is 11° 2'; the right ascension is 29° 13'; but when the declination is northern, substract the ascensional difference 11° 2' from the right ascension, and there remains the oblique ascension 18° 11'.

例：金牛一度二十三分，赤纬十二度；它在极高四十二度下的上升差，我们在第二则已提过，是十一度二分；赤经是二十九度十三分；赤纬既是北的，就从赤经中减去上升差十一度二分，剩下斜升十八度十一分。

Now 1° 23' of ♏, has the same declination and ascensional difference, which is to be added to the right ascension 209° 13', because the declination is southern, and the oblique ascension 220° 15'; besides, there are extant many tables of oblique ascensions by which they may be gained.

而天蝎一度二十三分有相同的赤纬与上升差，要加到赤经二百零九度十三分上，因为赤纬是南的，斜升为二百二十度十五分；此外，现有许多斜升表，也可借以求得。

CANON VIII.

第八则。

To reduce the Right Ascension, or Oblique, to the Degree of Longitude in the Ecliptic, or to any other Place of Latitude or Longitude.

把赤经或斜升还原为黄道上的黄经度数，或还原为任何其他有纬度或黄经的位置。

Look for the given right ascension of the ecliptic in the body of the table of right ascensions under the column of latitude 0° 0', and you will have the places in the ecliptic, corresponding to it, by taking the proportional part for the minutes, if there be any.

在赤经表的表身中、纬度零度零分的栏下，找给定的黄道赤经，就得到与之对应的黄道位置，若有分数就取比例部分。

But if, when the right ascension of the latitudinal planet is given, you are desirous to know to what longitude in the ecliptic it corresponds, look for that right ascension under the column of the given latitude, and in the column of longitude, you will have the degree of the ecliptic corresponding to it: as for example, the right ascension of 157° 48' in the ecliptic, answers to 6 of ♍; but if the right ascension 157° 48' be, for example, for the Moon, in latitude 5° southern, it answers to 8 of ♍; but with this caution, because the Moon then mediates the heaven with 6° of ♍, but has the rays in the Zodiac to the other planets from 8° of ♍.

但若给定的是有纬度的行星的赤经，而你想知道它对应黄道上的哪个黄经，就在给定纬度的栏下找那个赤经，在黄经栏中就得到与之对应的黄道度数：例如，黄道上的赤经一百五十七度四十八分，对应处女六度；但若赤经一百五十七度四十八分属于，比如说，月亮，在南纬五度，它就对应处女八度；但须注意这一区别：因为那时月亮与处女六度同中天，而在黄道上对其他行星发出光线，却是从处女八度。

In like manner you must reduce the oblique ascension to the ecliptic from the table of the oblique ascensions of the Pole's elevation; as the oblique ascension of the ecliptic 168 9' to the Pole's elevation is 45° reduced to 21 of ♍ in the ecliptic; but if the oblique ascension be of the Moon in south latitude 5°, I say it is reduced to 19° of ♍ with latitude, as is there posited, but with the same distinction; for then the Moon co-ascends in the same circle of position with 21° of ♍, but has the rays to the other planets in 19° of ♍.

同样，你要从本极高的斜升表中，把斜升还原到黄道上；如黄道的斜升一百六十八度九分，在极高四十五度下，还原为黄道上的处女二十一度；但若这是月亮在南纬五度的斜升，我说它还原为带纬度的处女十九度，如那里所列，但须作同样的区别；因为那时月亮在同一个位置圈中与处女二十一度同升，而对其他行星的光线却在处女十九度。

This revocation is of service, in order to know what longitude and declination the significator encompasses by the direction, and consequently with what planets it contracts the aspect when in the Zodiac, which is, by adding the arc of direction to its right ascension, if in the right circle it be found in the nativity; or to the oblique ascension, if elsewhere.

这种还原的用处，是要知道征象星经推运走到了什么黄经与赤纬，从而在黄道上与哪些行星结成相位；办法是：若它在本命中位于正圈上，就把推运弧加到它的赤经上；若在别处，就加到斜升上。

CANON IX.

第九则。

The distance of any cardinal sign or house from their cusp, will be easily obtained after the ascension of that house or cardinal sign, and likewise the ascension of a star is given; for substracting the lesser of the preceding place from the greater, which, if of the following, the remainder will be the distance of a star from that house or cardinal sign; but if the house or angle be in the descending part of heaven, taking the descensions the house, and in the same place of the star, or the ascensions of the opposite places, and substracting, in like manner, the lesser from the greater, the remainder will be the distance required.

离任一角或任一宫宫头的距离，在得知那宫或那角的上升度、也得知星的上升度之后，很容易求得；以前导位置的较小数，从后随位置的较大数中减去，余数就是星离那宫或那角的距离；但若那宫或角在天空下降的一边，就取那宫的斜降与星在同一处的斜降，或取对宫之点的斜升，同样以大减小，余数就是所求的距离。

The preceding place is that which is in the lesser degrees; the succeeding in the greater: as the beginning of ♈ precedes, the beginning of ♊ follows; and thus in all. The distances of the stars are taken from the cusps of the houses without the oblique ascensions; but the right ascension is to be known, together with the semi-diurnal and nocturnal arcs, or the temporary hours; for after taking their distance from the primary culminations, the secondary distances are made in the centers of the houses; but the ninth and tenth houses are distant from the culmination, by doubling the horary times, or the third part of the semi-diurnal arc; the eighth and twelfth, by double gemination, &c.

前导的位置是度数较小的，后随的是度数较大的：如白羊之始在前，双子之始在后；其余皆然。星离宫头的距离，不用斜升也可求得；但须知道赤经，连同半昼弧与半夜弧，或季节时；因为先取得它们离上下中天的第一距离之后，第二距离便在诸宫的中心构成；第九宫与第十一宫离中天的距离，是时量的两倍，即半昼弧的三分之一；第八宫与第十二宫，是两倍再加倍，等等。

Wherefore the primary and secondary distance of a star from the culmination being given, always substract the lesser from the greater, and you will have the star's distance from the given house by primary distance; I mean that which the planets have in a nativity; but the secondary, that which they acquire by direction. There are several examples in the nativities which are shewn further on.

因此，已知星离中天的第一距离与第二距离，总是以小减大，就得到星离给定之宫的第一距离；第一距离，我指的是行星在本命中所有的；第二距离，是它们经推运所获得的。后面所列的本命中有好几个例子。