第一部·天的哲学卷三第五十七至七十条　推运、进程与行经

ARGUMENTS of the PHILOSOPHY of the HEAVENS, from BOOK III.

取自《天的哲学》第三卷的论点。

57. To speak physically, the stars are moved but by one motion, which is of the primum mobile, viz. from East to West; but for the easier explaining Astronomical matters, we say in a simpler language, that the stars are moved by a double motion; of which frequent mention has already been made; nay, more, we say there are many motions in the heavens, by which the stars change their aspects with respect to us.

第五十七条。从物理上说，星辰只由一种运动推动，即第一原动天的运动，由东向西；但为了便于讲解天文之事，我们用较简单的说法，说星辰由双重运动推动；这一点前面已屡次提到；不仅如此，我们还说天上有许多运动，星辰借以相对于我们改变其相位。

58. The motion of direction is that which the Sun causes every day, following that of the nativity, in whatever latitude, in power and virtue; the vital heat with its natural effects, viz. from every day to every year by Order: for it happens, that at the end of the first, after the natural day, when the Sun has returned to the same equal hour of the nativity, the parts of the primum mobile, with all the stars, have nearly gone through one degree of the equator; and the same happens every subsequent day: mean while the stars, as they advance, apply either by body or rays, to the houses of the significators.

第五十八条。推运的运动，是太阳在出生之后每一天，在能力与力量上所造成的运动，无论在什么幅度上；即生命之热及其自然效应，按次序从每一天对应到每一年：因为在出生后的第一个自然日结束时，当太阳回到出生时同一个等时的时刻，第一原动天的各部分连同一切星辰，已经大约走过赤道的一度；以后每一天都是如此：同时诸星在前进中，以星体或光线施用到征象星的宫位上。

59. There is a double motion of direction. The direct, which Ptolomy calls Actinobolium, and tells us is formed toward the following signs; and the converse, which he terms Horimeany, and shews us it is formed towards the preceding places.

第五十九条。推运的运动有两种。顺向的，托勒密称之为“投射光线”，告诉我们它是朝后随的星座形成的；逆向的，他称之为“霍里迈亚”，并指出它是朝前导的位置形成的。

60. By the third motion of direction, we direct the angles and all the moderators; but by a converse motion, the angles cannot be directed.

第六十条。以顺向的推运运动，我们推运诸角与一切主管者；但以逆向运动，诸角不能被推运。

61. The angles only receive the rays in the world, but not the parellels, nor the rays in the Zodiac. The other significators, by a direct motion, receive the rays and parellels both in the Zodiac and in the world; but by a converse motion, the rays only, and parellels in the world, and by no means in the Zodiac.

第六十一条。诸角只接受世界上的光线，不接受平行，也不接受黄道上的光线。其他征象星以顺向运动，在黄道上与世界上都接受光线与平行；但以逆向运动，只接受世界上的光线与平行，绝不接受黄道上的。

62. By a converse direction, the significator, if he descends from the top, strikes against the west; and all the rays that be between the significators, west; yet the rays are to be taken in the world; for in a converse direction, the rays have no place in the Zodiac, as has been said, but the hostile rays of the malignant that lie between, either cut off, or take away the years from the number of direction to the west; as on the contrary, the rays of the benign, either preserve or add the year, according to Ptolomy's method, which we shall treat upon in the Canons.

第六十二条。在逆向推运中，征象星若从天顶下降，就撞向西方；征象星与西方之间的一切光线亦然；但这些光线要在世界上取；因为如前所说，在逆向推运中，光线在黄道上没有位置；而凶星位于其间的敌对光线，会从推运到西方的数目中截去或减去年数；反之，吉星的光线则按托勒密的方法保全或增加年数，这一点我们将在诸则中讨论。

63. It also happens, when the significator and promittor are hurried away together, by the motion of the primum mobile, in order to produce parallels in the world—equally powerful with all the other aspects.

第六十三条。还有一种情形：征象星与允诺星一同被第一原动天的运动带走，以产生世界上的平行，与其他一切相位同样有力。

64. In a direct direction, the significators advance by their own real way; as the Sun by the ecliptic, the Moon by her circle, upon which successively she alters her latitude, in proportion to her latitude motion. The same is to be said of all, when they become significators.

第六十四条。在顺向推运中，征象星沿它们自己真实的道路前进；如太阳沿黄道，月亮沿她自己的轨道，在轨道上她按纬度运动的比例相继改变纬度。其余诸星成为征象星时，也都应这样说。

65. Authors are divided, as to measure in direction; for some take the whole degree of the equator, for all and every one of the years; others, the Sun's motion of the natural day: some, the Sun's mean motion; whilst many more vary in their computations.

第六十五条。诸作者对推运的量度意见分歧；有的对每一年都取赤道整整一度；有的取太阳一个自然日的运动；有的取太阳的平均运动；还有许多人计算各不相同。

But we, to the first year after the natural, add that part of the equator in which the Sun ascends in a direct sphere, by the motion of the first day following the nativity; to the second year, that which ascends by the second day's motion; to the third, that which he ascends the third day after the natural; and thus of the other subsequent ones: for we would have the directional motion successive, and always formed towards the succeeding places, and the Sun's motion each day to be referred to, as the course and rule to every year, as to their effects, in the same order and number.

但我们对出生后的第一年，加上太阳在出生后第一天的运动中在正球上升起的那一段赤道；对第二年，加上第二天的运动所升起的那一段；对第三年，加上出生后第三天他所升起的那一段；其后各年依此类推：因为我们要推运的运动是相继的，始终朝后随的位置形成，并要以太阳每一天的运动作为每一年的进程与准则，就效应而言，次序与数目都相同。

66. But because the primary and principal motion of direction is derived from the motion of the solar days, following that of the nativity, as has been said, it consequently happens, that by some secondary means, the aspects that are opposite to the luminaries and angles on those days, by jointly assisting the significator of the primary directions; for this reason, we say, that the days whereon these aspects happen, are very powerful in those years, which answer to those days, and on which they depend.

第六十六条。但因为推运的首要和主要运动，如前所说，出自出生之后诸太阳日的运动，于是就有这样的结果：借某种次要的方式，那些日子里对两光与诸角所成的相位，共同协助主限推运的征象星；因此我们说，这些相位发生的日子，在与那些日子相应、并依赖于那些日子的年份里，力量很大。

From those motions, in preference to the rest, appears the true and real, hitherto unknown foundation of the critical or climactrical years; for the Moon, almost every seventh day, is placed in the critical place with respect to her place of the nativity; and (which is very important) experience wonderfully proves the truth of it; as may be seen in the examples extracted from Argol and Maginus.

从这些运动——胜过其他一切——显出关口之年或危险之年那真实而至今未知的根据；因为月亮几乎每第七天，就相对于她的本命位置处于关口之位；并且（这一点非常重要）经验奇妙地证明了它的真实；这可以从摘自阿尔戈利与马吉尼的例子中看到。

We call these motions the secondary directions, to distinguish them from the primary and principal; and we are of opinion, that Ptolomy, speaking of annual places, as the places of those motions, when of the menstrual, hints at the places of the progression.

我们把这些运动称为次限推运，以与主要的主限推运相区别；我们认为，托勒密讲到年度之位时，指的就是这些运动的位置；讲到月度之位时，暗指的是进程的位置。

67. The equal and uniform progressions which are commonly made use of, are thought to be false; for there appears no reason or foundation to support them; nay, all the professors with one voice affirm, they do not correspond with the effects.

第六十七条。通常使用的那种均等划一的进程，被认为是错误的；因为看不出有任何理由或根据支持它们；不仅如此，所有从业者都异口同声地断言，它们与效应不相符。

Wherefore, because we think the motions take their rise from the Moon's circuit towards the Sun, by which it pre-ordains in power and virtue, the radical moisture with its co-effects; so in like manner the motion of the direction originates from the Sun, by which it pre-ordains the vital heat; therefore the progressional motions are caused by the Moon in her circuits towards the Sun; and returns to the same appearance, illuminations, or distance with the Sun; consequently every one of the circuits, after the nativity, has a reference and respect to, as the cause of all the years of life, of whoever is born, and the Moon's progress, through all the signs, almost every month.

因此，因为我们认为〔进程的〕运动起于月亮朝向太阳的周行，月亮借此在能力与力量上预先安排根本之湿及其共同效应；正如推运的运动同样出于太阳，太阳借此预先安排生命之热；所以进程的运动是由月亮朝向太阳的周行造成的；月亮回到与太阳相同的相貌、照明或距离；因此，出生后的每一次周行，都关系到、对应于出生者一生的每一年，作为其原因；而月亮几乎每个月都走遍所有星座。

68. In the universal daily latitude, the stars are continually troubling things of an inferior and material nature; but they produce surprizing effects, when they arrive at the places of the moderators: and if they be radical, they are called natural transits. But at the places of the directions and progressions, they are called ingresses; for then, if the constellations of those motions be similar to the constitutions of the nativity, or the directions or progressions, they force to action the pre-ordained effects; for in this, and no other manner, the stars act upon inferior objects; that is, according as they find the next in power.

第六十八条。在普遍的每日幅度中，星辰不断地扰动下界与物质性的事物；但当它们到达主管者的位置时，就产生惊人的效应：如果那是本命的位置，就称为自然的行经。但到达推运与进程的位置时，则称为进入；因为那时，如果这些运动的星象与本命的构成、或与推运或进程相似，它们就迫使预先安排的效应付诸实现；因为星辰正是以这种方式，而非其他方式，作用于下界之物的；也就是说，按照它们发现最近的〔原因〕具有怎样的能力。

69. Of the ingression some are active, others passive; the active are caused by the stars, which have an occasion of virtue, when they enter the places of the directions and moderators of the progressions; for then they act upon the moderators.

第六十九条。进入有主动的，也有被动的；主动的由星辰造成，这些星辰有力量的机缘，当它们进入推运的位置与进程的主管者时；因为那时它们作用于主管者。

The passive are produced by the universal moderators in the whole world, viz. by the ☉, ☽, angles, and Part of Fortune, when they enter upon the places of the directions and progressions of the stars, whatever they are, which have an Active virtue: but the active ingresses, if they be similar to the pre-ordained effects, cause them to influence; if dissimular, they either diminish or retard, as Ptolomey has it in the last chapter of Book IV. The passive ingresses administer nourishment to the cooling and preserving the vital heat, and refreshes the radical moisture.

被动的则由全世界中的普遍主管者造成，即太阳、月亮、诸角与福点，当它们进入任何具有主动之力的星辰的推运与进程位置时：主动的进入，若与预先安排的效应相似，就使之发生影响；若不相似，则削弱或推迟它们，如托勒密在第四卷末章所说。被动的进入则供给养分，冷却并保存生命之热，又使根本之湿恢复生气。

70. In like manner the transits; some are active, others passive: and hence it is evident how powerful are the accidental aspects of the luminaries, and cardinal signs at their setting; and at other times of the natural accidents, arising from those fortunate or unfortunate stars, both of the nativity and of the place of the direction and progression; agreeable to which, as has been said, we are to reason; the same on uncommon phenomena: for from the extension and intension of light, from the colour, diuturnity, apparition, situation, either in the world, or among the images of the starry orb, and other passions, are gathered their effects, and the providences under their influence.

第七十条。行经也一样，有主动的，也有被动的：由此可见，两光与启动星座在其沉没时的偶然相位是何等有力；在自然事件的其他时候，也可见出于那些吉星或凶星的作用，无论属于本命，还是属于推运与进程的位置；如前所说，我们应当照此推理；对非常的天象也是一样：因为从光的广度与强度，从颜色、持续之久、出现、在世界上或在星天的图像之中的位置，以及其他受动，可以推知它们的效应，以及在它们影响之下的种种天意。

The uncommon phenomena that are found in the nativities, experience has already shewn; the wonders they have wrought chiefly, as to the powers of the understanding, inventions, the performing of business, &c. And remember, Reader, that art, or the human understanding, according to its ability and industry, is capable of changing, increasing, diminishing, and perverting, any influxes whatever of the stars; especially if the effects are considered, which the power of man is capable of attaining; and therefore, they who are possessed of a more subtle and acute understanding, proceed to greater things then those of duller capacities: but they who are entirely negligent, attain to nothing.

非常的天象在本命中所起的作用，经验已经显示出来；它们所造成的奇迹，主要在于心智的能力、发明、办事等等。读者，请记住：技艺或人的心智，按其能力与勤勉，能够改变、增强、减弱、扭曲星辰的任何流入；尤其是就人力所能达到的那些效应而言；因此，心智更敏锐、更精细的人，比禀赋迟钝的人成就更大；而全然懈怠的人，则一事无成。

This doctrine is universal, and shews the manner the stars act upon all inferiors whatever, whether they be simple or compound, &c. And finally, it is requisite this doctrine of the stars should be attentively observed, not only in nativities, but also the settings. The more particular reasons of this doctrine may be seen in the Philosophy of the Heavens.

这一学说是普遍的，显示星辰怎样作用于一切下界之物，不论它们是单纯的还是复合的，等等。最后，这一星辰学说需要仔细遵守，不仅在本命中，也在沉没中。这一学说更详细的理由，可见于《天的哲学》。