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《占星指南》 · 卡丹七卷警句

卡丹警句·天气、农事与世事 开门、月相农时与大变局

天气十二则看行星相会与风向,农事八则看月相盈亏与星座,世事八则看三星得国、大会合与城市根盘。

APHORISMS TOUCHING WEATHER, METEORS, ETC.

1. When Saturn passes out of one sign into another, you may expect for several days together strange Meteors and splendid sights or apparitions in the heavens.

2. When signs very different from the common course of nature appear about the Sun, or in or about the Moon, Stars, or any part of heaven, if thou observe the place where they appear, and the figure of the heaven from the beginning to the end, thou mayest come to understand what they portend.

3. The Lord of the Interlunary Figure signifies very much as to the quality of the Air, and also the Planet that beholds him, especially if they be in Cardinal Signs.

4. When Saturn is Combust in the houses of Mars, and Mars beholds him, he often begets conical figures which are seen in the air composed of vapours that ascend, and are signs of an earthquake to ensue.

5. Saturn and Mars, and Mars and the Sun, and Mars and Mercury, cause hail; Saturn most in summer, Sol and Mercury most in autumn, and those that cause hail in these two quarters cause snow in the winter and spring.

6. Saturn with the Luminaries, Jupiter with Mercury and Mars with Venus, make an Apertio portarum or an opening of the gates, and usually cause some notable change of weather.

翻译点开

APHORISMS TOUCHING WEATHER, METEORS, ETC.

关于天气、天象等事的警句

1. When Saturn passes out of one sign into another, you may expect for several days together strange Meteors and splendid sights or apparitions in the heavens.

第一则:土星从一个星座进入另一个星座时,你可以预期一连数日天上出现奇异的天象,以及灿烂的景象或显现。

2. When signs very different from the common course of nature appear about the Sun, or in or about the Moon, Stars, or any part of heaven, if thou observe the place where they appear, and the figure of the heaven from the beginning to the end, thou mayest come to understand what they portend.

第二则:太阳周围、月亮之中或周围、诸星周围或天上任何部分出现与自然常理大不相同的征象时,你若观察它们出现之处,以及从开始到结束的天象之盘,就能明白它们预示什么。

3. The Lord of the Interlunary Figure signifies very much as to the quality of the Air, and also the Planet that beholds him, especially if they be in Cardinal Signs.

第三则:朔盘的主星,以及照看它的那颗行星,对空气的性质大有征示,尤其当它们在启动星座时。

4. When Saturn is Combust in the houses of Mars, and Mars beholds him, he often begets conical figures which are seen in the air composed of vapours that ascend, and are signs of an earthquake to ensue.

第四则:土星在火星的庙中焦伤、又受火星照看时,常会生出空中可见的锥形,由上升的蒸气构成,是地震将至之兆。

5. Saturn and Mars, and Mars and the Sun, and Mars and Mercury, cause hail; Saturn most in summer, Sol and Mercury most in autumn, and those that cause hail in these two quarters cause snow in the winter and spring.

第五则:土星与火星、火星与太阳、火星与水星,致冰雹;土星以夏季为最,太阳与水星以秋季为最;在这两季致冰雹的星,在冬季与春季则致雪。

6. Saturn with the Luminaries, Jupiter with Mercury and Mars with Venus, make an Apertio portarum or an opening of the gates, and usually cause some notable change of weather.

第六则:土星与两光、木星与水星、火星与金星,构成「开门」,通常引起天气的显著变化。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:土星换座多异象;朔盘主星定空气之性;火星与土日水相会致冰雹;庙位相对的两星相会叫「开门」,天气骤变。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
天象Meteors古义:空中诸现象
朔盘Interlunary Figure新月时刻所起之盘
开门Apertio portarum庙位相对两星相会
焦伤Combust离太阳太近被灼

🧭 图解与讲解

这一章把原书三篇合在一起:天气、农事、世事,原文保留了三篇的标题行。天气这一篇用的「天象」(Meteors)是古义,泛指空中发生的一切现象,云、虹、晕、冰雹、流星、彗星都算,与今天专指流星不同。《四书》卷二第十至十三章讲天气,是这一篇的源头。

〔图〕「开门」:庙位相对的三对行星相会,天气骤变

火星是冰雹的共同因子;同一组合在冬春转而致雪
致冰雹的组合(第五则)冰雹最多的季节冬春则致
♄︎ 土星 与 ♂︎ 火星夏季(土星为最)雪
♂︎ 火星 与 ☉︎ 太阳秋季雪
♂︎ 火星 与 ☿︎ 水星秋季雪

第一、二则讲异象:土星换座时多异象;日、月、诸星周围出现反常征象,要看它出现的位置和那一段时间的天象之盘来解。第三则说朔盘(新月时刻起的盘)的主星,以及照看它的行星,决定接下来空气的性质,在启动星座时尤其明显。第四则说土星在火星的庙(白羊、天蝎)焦伤又受火星照,空中会出现由蒸气构成的锥形,是地震之兆。

第五则讲冰雹:火星与土星、太阳、水星相会都致冰雹(表二),夏季以土星为最,秋季以太阳、水星为最,同样的组合到冬春则致雪。第六则提到一个经典术语:「开门」(拉丁文 Apertio portarum)。它指土星与两光、木星与水星、火星与金星相会。把七曜之庙画在盘上就明白了(图一):土星的摩羯、水瓶正对两光的巨蟹、狮子,木星的射手、双鱼正对水星的双子、处女,火星的白羊、天蝎正对金星的天秤、金牛——庙位相对的两星相会,好比打开了天门,天气往往骤变。

7. When about the beginning of winter Saturn shall dispose of the Moon, expect unusual Colds with a cloudy season and rain.

8. Whenever Saturn is joined to the Sun the heat is remitted and the cold increased, which alone may be a sufficient testimony of the truth of Astrology.

9. When Mars and Mercury are joined and behold the Moon or Lord of the Ascendant in the sixth or seventh house, they portend a great drought to ensue.

10. That Star has a great efficacy on the air, to which the Moon shall be first joined after her conjunction, opposition or square with the Sun.

11. The mixture of the beams of Jove and Mars in moist signs gives Thunder with sudden showers.

12. Jupiter naturally raises North Winds, Saturn Easterly, Mars Western, Venus Southern, and Mercury Mixed Winds, according as he applies to other Planets.

翻译点开

7. When about the beginning of winter Saturn shall dispose of the Moon, expect unusual Colds with a cloudy season and rain.

第七则:入冬前后,若土星为月亮的定位星,可预期异常的寒冷,伴以多云多雨的天气。

8. Whenever Saturn is joined to the Sun the heat is remitted and the cold increased, which alone may be a sufficient testimony of the truth of Astrology.

第八则:每当土星与太阳会合,热便减退、冷便增加;单这一点,就足以作为星占之学真实的见证。

9. When Mars and Mercury are joined and behold the Moon or Lord of the Ascendant in the sixth or seventh house, they portend a great drought to ensue.

第九则:火星与水星会合,又照看在第六或第七宫的月亮或上升主星时,预示将有大旱。

10. That Star has a great efficacy on the air, to which the Moon shall be first joined after her conjunction, opposition or square with the Sun.

第十则:月亮与太阳会合、对冲或四分之后,最先与她相会的那颗星,对空气有极大效力。

11. The mixture of the beams of Jove and Mars in moist signs gives Thunder with sudden showers.

第十一则:木星与火星的光线在湿性星座中相混,带来雷鸣与骤雨。

12. Jupiter naturally raises North Winds, Saturn Easterly, Mars Western, Venus Southern, and Mercury Mixed Winds, according as he applies to other Planets.

第十二则:木星天然兴起北风,土星东风,火星西风,金星南风,水星则依他趋近哪些行星而兴起混杂之风。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:入冬月受土星所辖则寒雨;土日相会则冷增热减;月亮朔望弦后首会之星主天气;木火相混于湿座致雷雨。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
定位星dispose所在星座的庙主
会合conjunction同度相会
湿性星座moist signs水象星座

🧭 图解与讲解

第七则:入冬前后,月亮若落在土星的庙里(土星为她的定位星),冬天格外冷,多云多雨。第八则卡丹说得很自信:土星与太阳会合,热减冷增,「单这一点就足以证明星占之学为真」。土星冷,太阳热,冷星压住热星,这是古人「性质相感」的推理。

五星各主一方之风;日月原文未列
行星所兴之风(第十二则)
♃︎ 木星北风
♄︎ 土星东风
♂︎ 火星西风
♀︎ 金星南风
☿︎ 水星混杂之风,随所趋近之星而定

〔图〕看月相定天气:朔望弦之后,月亮先会哪颗星,就由它主天

第九则说火星(热燥)与水星(多燥)会合,又照看第六、七宫的月亮或上升主星,主大旱。第十则是天气占里最常用的一条(图二):每次朔、望、弦之后,月亮最先相会的那颗星,主这一段时间的天气。《四书》卷二第十二章讲天气,也以朔望弦为节点,这条可与它合看。

第十一则:吉星木星与凶星火星的光线在湿性星座里相混,打雷下骤雨。第十二则把五星配上风向(表一):木星北风,土星东风,火星西风,金星南风,水星没有定向,随它趋近的行星而变。《四书》卷一也论四方之风,是以星座与四方相配,与这里以行星配风向不是一回事。

SOME APHORISMS RELATING TO HUSBANDRY.

1. If you prune your vines when the Moon is at full in Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, Sagittarius, neither worms nor birds will infest your grapes.

2. Graft not Trees, the Moon waning, or not to be seen, and if you shear sheep in her increase their wool will grow again the better.

3. Fruits and Wood for use should be cut in the decrease of the Moon, but if you would have Timber to keep long, fell it towards the latter end of the winter, the Moon being under the earth, and beheld by Saturn, for that will prevent its rotting, and render it exceedingly hard and durable.

4. But fire wood and what you would have grow quickly again, cut when the Moon is above the Earth in the first quarter joined either to Venus or Jupiter.

红像陶瓶画:农人攀梯修剪葡萄藤,天上一轮满月
虫与鸟都不会侵扰你的葡萄
翻译点开

SOME APHORISMS RELATING TO HUSBANDRY.

关于农事的若干警句

1. If you prune your vines when the Moon is at full in Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, Sagittarius, neither worms nor birds will infest your grapes.

第一则:你若在月亮于金牛、狮子、天蝎、射手满月时修剪葡萄藤,虫与鸟都不会侵扰你的葡萄。

2. Graft not Trees, the Moon waning, or not to be seen, and if you shear sheep in her increase their wool will grow again the better.

第二则:月亮亏缺或看不见时,不要嫁接树木;你若在她盈长时剪羊毛,羊毛会长得更好。

3. Fruits and Wood for use should be cut in the decrease of the Moon, but if you would have Timber to keep long, fell it towards the latter end of the winter, the Moon being under the earth, and beheld by Saturn, for that will prevent its rotting, and render it exceedingly hard and durable.

第三则:供使用的果实与木材,应在月亮亏缺时采伐;但你若要木料久存,就在冬末、月亮处于地平之下并受土星照看时伐倒,因为这能防止它腐朽,使它极其坚硬耐久。

4. But fire wood and what you would have grow quickly again, cut when the Moon is above the Earth in the first quarter joined either to Venus or Jupiter.

第四则:但柴薪,以及你希望很快再长出来的东西,应在月亮处于地平之上、在第一个四分段并与金星或木星相会时砍伐。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:满月在金牛狮子天蝎射手时修葡萄藤,免虫鸟;月亏不嫁接,月盈剪羊毛;要木料耐久,冬末月在地下受土星照时伐。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
满月at full月与日对冲
亏缺waning满月后月光渐少
盈长increase新月后月光渐多
地平之下under the earth第一至六宫

🧭 图解与讲解

农事八则是欧洲农书里「依月相耕作」传统的占星版本。总的原则很简单:月亮盈长时万物汁液充足、生长旺盛,亏缺时收敛(表二)。所以要它长的事(嫁接、剪羊毛让毛再长、砍了还要再发的柴木)取月盈,要它干燥坚固的事(采果、伐木作材)取月亏。

〔图〕修剪葡萄藤:满月落在金牛、狮子、天蝎、射手时最好

盈主生长,亏主收敛:要它长就取月盈,要它坚固就取月亏
农事月相与时机(第二至四则)用意
嫁接忌月亏或不见要它生长
剪羊毛宜月盈毛长得更好
采果、伐用材宜月亏少汁不坏
伐久存之木冬末,月在地下受土星照坚硬不朽
砍柴薪月在地上,第一个四分段,会金星或木星很快再长

第一则:满月落在金牛、狮子、天蝎、射手这四座时修剪葡萄藤,可免虫鸟之害(图一)。满月时太阳在对面,所以这其实是说太阳在天蝎、水瓶、金牛、双子之时。第三则讲伐木要求最细:冬末,月在地平之下,受冷燥的土星照看——土星主坚硬、持久,木料就不易腐朽。

第四则与第三则正相反:柴薪和希望很快再长的东西,取月在地平之上、在第一个四分段(新月到上弦)、会吉星金星或木星的时候砍。「四分段」原文作 first quarter,指月相周期的头四分之一。这种一正一反的对照,是卡丹警句常见的写法。

5. Sow or Plant when the Moon is in Taurus, Virgo or Scorpio in good Aspect of Saturn, but when she is in Cancer set or sow all kinds of pulse, and in Libra or Capricorn dress your gardens and trim your small trees and shrubs.

6. Saturn in fixed signs causes scarcity of corn, dear years, and the death of many men.

7. When Trees blossom they are most apt to be affected with injuries from the Heavens, for then they are like teeming women, and when they have put out their fruits like Nurses giving suck, which can endure more than when they went with child; and therefore if Eclipses happen whilst a tree is so blooming, it most times causes a scarcity of that kind of fruit that year, and indeed the plenty of corn and fruit is not much discovered from the vernal figure or Revolution of the World, as from the temperature of the air, in moisture, dryness, or inequality, as also from the new and full Moons, and risings of the Stars; and Eclipses, especially happening then whilst things respectively blossom.

8. A Malevolent Planet being Lord of the year, though fortunate, generally hurts all fruits of the earth, but those particularly signified by himself.

翻译点开

5. Sow or Plant when the Moon is in Taurus, Virgo or Scorpio in good Aspect of Saturn, but when she is in Cancer set or sow all kinds of pulse, and in Libra or Capricorn dress your gardens and trim your small trees and shrubs.

第五则:月亮在金牛、处女或天蝎,与土星成吉相位时,播种或栽种;但她在巨蟹时,栽种或播种各类豆类;在天秤或摩羯时,整理你的园子,修剪小树与灌木。

6. Saturn in fixed signs causes scarcity of corn, dear years, and the death of many men.

第六则:土星在固定星座,致谷物匮乏、年成昂贵、许多人死亡。

7. When Trees blossom they are most apt to be affected with injuries from the Heavens, for then they are like teeming women, and when they have put out their fruits like Nurses giving suck, which can endure more than when they went with child; and therefore if Eclipses happen whilst a tree is so blooming, it most times causes a scarcity of that kind of fruit that year, and indeed the plenty of corn and fruit is not much discovered from the vernal figure or Revolution of the World, as from the temperature of the air, in moisture, dryness, or inequality, as also from the new and full Moons, and risings of the Stars; and Eclipses, especially happening then whilst things respectively blossom.

第七则:树木开花时最容易受天象伤害,因为那时它们像怀胎的妇人;结出果实后,则像哺乳的乳母,比怀胎时更能经受;所以若树正开花时发生交食,那一年这类果实多半歉收;而谷物与果实的丰歉,其实与其说是从春分盘或世界回归盘看出来,不如说是从空气的湿、燥或不匀的气质看出来,也从新月与满月、诸星的升起,以及交食看出来,尤其是在万物各自开花之时发生的交食。

8. A Malevolent Planet being Lord of the year, though fortunate, generally hurts all fruits of the earth, but those particularly signified by himself.

第八则:凶星为年主,即使吉利,通常也伤害大地的一切果实,尤其是它自己所征象的那些。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:月在金牛处女天蝎得土星吉照宜播种,巨蟹种豆,天秤摩羯理园。树开花如孕妇最怕交食;凶星为年主伤收成。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
吉相位good Aspect三分或六分
年主Lord of the year主一年之星
春分盘vernal figure太阳入白羊时之盘
气质temperature冷热干湿的调和

🧭 图解与讲解

第五则是一张月历(图一):月在金牛、处女、天蝎,又与土星成吉相位时播种栽植——土星主土地与耕作,吉照则扎根稳固;月在巨蟹时种豆类;月在天秤、摩羯时修整园子、剪小树灌木。第六则转入年成:土星在固定星座,谷物匮乏,物价昂贵,死人很多。

〔图〕播种与理园:月在哪个星座就做哪样农活

〔图〕开花如怀胎,结果如哺乳:交食最怕撞上花期

第七则是全章最长的一则,比喻很生动(图二):树开花时像怀胎的妇人,最娇弱;结果后像哺乳的乳母,比怀胎时耐得住。所以花期遇上交食,那一年这种果子多半歉收。卡丹接着说,判断丰歉与其看春分盘(世界回归盘,即太阳入白羊之盘),不如看空气的气质、朔望、诸星的升起,尤其是花期的交食。这是一个讲求实际观察的占星家的口吻。

第八则:凶星作年主(主宰一年的行星),即使状态吉利,也伤大地的果实,尤其是它自己所主的作物。年主的定法见于春分盘,这里不展开;与上一章交食警句第二则「日食伤茂盛的庄稼」可以合看。

APHORISMS RELATING TO GENERAL ACCIDENTS.

1. Saturn obtains Kingdoms or Supremacy of power by labour, fraud, and infamy; Mars by valour, rapine and cruelty; but Jupiter by Justice and great opinion of goodness and honesty.

2. When Saturn is in Libra and Jupiter in Cancer, great changes and alterations shall happen in the world.

3. For discovering such grand mutations we should well consider the great, mean, and lesser conjunctions of the Planets in the several Trigons, the removes of the Superiors from one sign to another, as also their applications to the fixed Stars.

4. Likewise the changes of the Absides of the Planets cause mutations in governments and laws, which is a point very much to be regarded.

黑像陶瓶画:君王坐宝座执权杖,臣民列队献礼
世上将发生重大的变化与更迭
翻译点开

APHORISMS RELATING TO GENERAL ACCIDENTS.

关于世事的警句

1. Saturn obtains Kingdoms or Supremacy of power by labour, fraud, and infamy; Mars by valour, rapine and cruelty; but Jupiter by Justice and great opinion of goodness and honesty.

第一则:土星凭劳苦、诈术与恶名取得王国或至高之权;火星凭勇武、掠夺与残暴;而木星凭公正,以及仁善正直的极好名声。

2. When Saturn is in Libra and Jupiter in Cancer, great changes and alterations shall happen in the world.

第二则:土星在天秤、木星在巨蟹时,世上将发生重大的变化与更迭。

3. For discovering such grand mutations we should well consider the great, mean, and lesser conjunctions of the Planets in the several Trigons, the removes of the Superiors from one sign to another, as also their applications to the fixed Stars.

第三则:要发现这类大变局,我们应细察诸行星在各三方中的大会合、中会合与小会合,上行星从一个星座迁入另一星座,以及它们与恒星的相会。

4. Likewise the changes of the Absides of the Planets cause mutations in governments and laws, which is a point very much to be regarded.

第四则:同样,诸行星拱点的变动,也引起政体与法律的变迁,这一点很值得重视。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:三外行星各有得国之道。土在天秤、木在巨蟹,世有大变;大变局看三方中的大中小会合与上行星换座。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
上行星Superiors土星、木星、火星
三方Trigons同元素的三个星座
大会合great conjunction土木会合等
拱点Absides远地点与近地点

🧭 图解与讲解

世事一篇是世俗占的警句。第一则把三颗上行星比作三种得国之人(表二):土星靠苦干、诈术,名声不好;火星靠武力、掠夺、残暴;木星靠公正与好名声。第二则指出一个具体的天象:土星在天秤、木星在巨蟹——这正是两星各自的旺,而且彼此四分(图一)。两颗主宰长周期的行星同时入旺,又成紧张的相位,所以主大变。

〔图〕土星在天秤、木星在巨蟹:两颗上行星同时入旺,世有大变

三颗上行星的「得国之道」
行星取得王国或至高之权的方式(第一则)
♄︎ 土星劳苦、诈术、恶名
♂︎ 火星勇武、掠夺、残暴
♃︎ 木星公正,仁善正直的好名声

第三则提出观察大变局的方法:看诸行星在各三方中的大、中、小会合。土星与木星约二十年会合一次,会合点在同一三方(如火象三座)里连续停留两百多年,再移入下一三方。占星家把会合的分量分为大、中、小,用来推断朝代与宗教的兴替。上行星换座、与恒星相会,也是观察点。

第四则说「拱点」(Absides,1886 年重印本编者注释为远地点与近地点)的变动也引起政体与法律变迁。拱点的移动极其缓慢,卡丹把它列为观察政体与法律长期变迁的天象,与第三则的大会合同属「慢变量」。

5. Mercury with an unfortunate Planet in the eleventh, denotes the establishment of some severe or unjust laws in the world.

6. A Conjunction of Mars and Saturn in the sixth or eighth house, especially in a humane sign, signifies a great Pestilence.

7. When in the Radix of any City Mars shall be in the Mid-heaven, the Inhabitants will be inclined to Sedition: If Saturn be there they will be very mischievous, yet very laborious.

8. If Wars be signified note the Angle of the figure wherein Mars is posited, for from that Part the Enemies shall come.

翻译点开

5. Mercury with an unfortunate Planet in the eleventh, denotes the establishment of some severe or unjust laws in the world.

第五则:水星与一颗不吉的行星同在第十一宫,表示世上将确立某些严酷或不公的法律。

6. A Conjunction of Mars and Saturn in the sixth or eighth house, especially in a humane sign, signifies a great Pestilence.

第六则:火星与土星在第六或第八宫会合,尤其在人形星座,表示大瘟疫。

7. When in the Radix of any City Mars shall be in the Mid-heaven, the Inhabitants will be inclined to Sedition: If Saturn be there they will be very mischievous, yet very laborious.

第七则:任何城市的根盘中,若火星在中天,居民将倾向作乱;若土星在那里,他们会非常好害人,却也非常勤劳。

8. If Wars be signified note the Angle of the figure wherein Mars is posited, for from that Part the Enemies shall come.

第八则:若有战争的征象,要注意火星落在盘的哪一个角,因为敌人将从那个方向来。

大意与图解点开

🔎 大意:水星会凶星于十一宫,立苛法;火土会于六、八宫,主大疫。城市根盘火星在中天则民好乱。火星所在之角是敌来之方。

📖 术语

术语英文原词意思
人形星座humane sign双子处女天秤水瓶等
根盘Radix建城时刻之盘
角Angle上升中天下降天底

🧭 图解与讲解

第五则:水星主文书、法令,与不吉的行星同在第十一宫,世上会立起严酷或不公的法律。第六则:两颗凶星火星、土星在第六宫(病)或第八宫(死)会合,又在人形星座(关乎人类),主大瘟疫。这几则都是「宫位所主之事加上行星性质」的读法。

〔图〕敌从火星所在之角来:上升东,中天南,下降西,天底北

〔图〕城市根盘的中天:火星与土星各成一种民风

第七则又一次用到城市的根盘(上一章择日第六则也说过):火星在城市之盘的中天,居民好作乱;土星在中天,居民好害人,却也勤劳肯干(图二)。中天是盘中最显眼的位置,主一城的名声与风气。

第八则是全书卡丹警句的最后一则:若有战争的征象,看火星落在哪一个角,敌人就从那个方向来(图一)。四角对应四方:上升在东,中天在南,下降在西,天底在北,这是北半球观天的方位。至此卡丹七卷警句全部结束,书末附五十颗主要恒星表。

原文为公有领域古籍;翻译、印象画与图文解读由 AI 辅助生成,鲲侯审校。