卷四·第四节第一章　交食判断总纲，及交食应在何地

SECTION IV. Teaching how to judge of the Natural Mutations and Accidents of this Elementary World by the appearance of Eclipses, Comets, great Conjunctions and Blazing Stars.

第四节　教人由交食、彗星、大会合与扫帚星的出现，判断这个元素世界的自然变化与事故。

IN the Sixteenth Chapter of this very Fourth Book I have already declared what an Eclipse of either of the Luminaries is, and the cause of that defect in each of them; wherefore it would be both needless and superfluous here again to touch thereon.

在这第四卷的第十六章里，我已经说明了两光中任一个的交食是什么，以及它们各自亏缺的原因；所以在这里再谈这一点，既不必要，也属多余。

I shall therefore give you now the whole Method whereby to judge of any Mutation or Accident in this World portended by Eclipses, and that in brief according to the Rules of our Predecessor Ptolomy, whom I prefer for his shortness and plainness before any or all other Writings that I have mett with; it is true, Leovitius hath been very large on this subject, and others; but since what Ptolomy hath delivered us, is sufficient for instruction to any that are to seek in these matters, I shall pass them by as more mysterious and intricate, and yet tending no more to edification.

所以我现在要把判断交食所预示的世上任何变化或事故的全部方法交给你们，而且是简要地，依照我们的前辈托勒密的规则，我因他简短明白而把他置于我所见过的任何或所有其他著作之上；不错，莱奥维提乌斯和其他人在这个题目上写得很详尽；但既然托勒密所传给我们的，足以教导任何在这些事上要寻求的人，我就略过他们，因为他们更玄奥繁复，却并不更有助于造就。

In the first Section and first Chapter of this Fourth Book you have been taught that in your judgement of Revolutions you are to consider the place of the Eclipses of either Luminaries or both, if any such happen, and joyn them in judgement; for if there be any Eclipse or Eclipses, you are to see if there be any agreement betwixt them and the Lord of the Year and Ascendent of the Revolutions; for there is nothing more certain then that there followeth many inconveniencies and alterations in the World after any of the great Lights are Eclipsed; for by them all things have their subsistence and nutriment in a natural way; and therefore it must needs follow sublunary things must suffer detriment in one kinde or other when either of them are deprived of their lights and influences, especially if both in one Moneth; whence Hermes saith, Note.

在这第四卷的第一节第一章里，你已经学过，在判断回归时，若有交食发生，你要考虑任一个或两个光体交食的位置，把它们合在判断里；因为若有一次或几次交食，你要看它们与年主及回归盘的上升之间是否有某种相合；因为没有什么比这更确定的了：在任何一个大光体交食之后，世上会随之有许多不便与变动；因为万物都是凭它们以自然的方式得以存续与滋养的；所以当它们中任何一个被夺去其光与影响时，月下之物必定会在这样那样的方面受损，尤其若两者在同一个月里都交食；因此赫密斯说，请注意。

There shall much inconveniency and trouble happen in the World when both the Luminaries shall be Eclipsed in one Moneth, and chiefly in those places in which their Effects shall be manifested.

两光在同一个月里都交食时，世上会发生许多不便与麻烦，主要在它们的效应所显现的那些地方。

Wherefore in any Year if either or both the Luminaries are Eclipsed, or in any quarterly Revolution, see if the Lord of the Sign wherein the Eclipse is to fall, be strong or weak, or in Conjunction or any Configuration with the Lord of the Ascendent at the time of the middle of the Eclipse (which you are to know is the time wherein you are to erect your Scheme or Figure of the Heavens for the judging of the Effects of any Eclipse) or with the Lord of the Year or Quarter, or whether the Fortunes behold these or the Infortunes: for if the Fortunes, you are to judge good; if the Infortunes, the contrary.

所以在任何一年里，若一个或两个光体交食，或在任何一季的回归里，要看交食所落星座的主星是强是弱，或者在交食正中之时（你要知道，这正是你为判断任何交食的效应而起天宫图或星盘的时刻）是否与上升主星会合或成任何格局，或与年主或季主会合或成格局，或者是吉星照看这些，还是凶星：因为若是吉星，你要判断为吉；若是凶星，则相反。

The nature and quality thereof judge from good; if the Infortunes, the contrary. The nature and quality thereof judge from the nature of the Significators, as you have heard before: likewise whether much evill or good is to be expected by considering the strength of your Significators and their Receptions and nature of their Aspects.

〔此处原文重出上一句的后半：「判断为吉；若是凶星，则相反。」〕其性质与样子，要由征象星的本性来判断，如你前面所听过的：同样，要期待凶或吉的多少，则要考虑你的征象星的力量、它们的接纳以及它们相位的性质。

And judge this evill or good to those signified by the Planet in Configuration with these Lords or the Fortunes or Infortunes, whether men or things: as if the Ascendent or its Lord be beheld by the Fortunes, then you may safely say the People of that Nation or Kingdom wherein the Revoluton is, shall be safe, of good health and prosperous, &c. and so judge of all the rest of the Houses according to their several significations, as you have been taught before: and so on the contrary evill, if by the Infortunes:

这凶或吉，要判给那与这些主星或吉星、凶星成格局的行星所表示的人或物：比如若上升或其主星为吉星所照，你就可以放心说，作回归的那个国家或王国的人民会平安、健康而兴旺，等等；其余各宫也依各自的征象这样判断，如你前面所学过的：若为凶星所照，则相反，判为凶。

And this shall be the more encreased if the Lord of the Ascendent or Lord of the Year be the Lord of the Sign wherein the Eclipse is to happen. In like manner pronounce evill and dammage to the persons and things signified by any other House of whom you find the Lord of the Sign of the Eclipse Ruler, &c.

若上升主星或年主正是交食所在星座的主星，这就更加增强。同样，你发现交食星座的主星是哪一宫的主管，就对那一宫所表示的人与物宣判凶与损害，等等。

Judge the time when it shall be most grievous unto them, to be when the Sun comes to the same House in the Eclipse (I mean the very degree and minute of the Cusp) whereby they are signified, or to the degree and minute of the Zodiack their chief Sgnificator was then in: as if it be the Common People, when the Sun comes to the degree and minute of the Ascendent at the time of the middle of the Eclipse: if it be the Rulers or King, it will be most grievous when the Sun comes to the degree and minute of the Tenth House at that time; and so of the rest.

判断这对他们最为沉重的时候，是在太阳来到交食盘中表示他们的那一宫（我是说宫头的那一度那一分）之时，或来到他们的主要征象星当时所在黄道的那一度那一分之时：比如若是平民，就在太阳来到交食正中之时上升的那一度那一分时；若是统治者或国王，就在太阳来到当时第十宫的那一度那一分时最为沉重；其余以此类推。

Detriment and mischief also is to be expected to all things signified by the House wherein any Eclipse is: as if in the Tenth, to Kings, Grandees and chief Rulers: if in the Ninth, to Church-men: in the Eighth, the death of Old men, &c. and it shall be chiefly incident unto men, if any Eclipse be in Humane Signs: if in Aiery, to Birds: if in Earthy, to the Fruits of the Earth and Seeds:

凡交食所在之宫所表示的一切事物，也要预期损害与祸患：比如若在第十宫，及于国王、权贵与主要统治者；若在第九宫，及于教士；在第八宫，老人死亡，等等；若交食在人形星座，主要及于人；若在风象星座，及于鸟；若在土象，及于地上的果实与种子：

(yet Junctinus assureth us, that if an Eclipse be in Libra, it signifies the rottenness of Herbs, and that there shall be Sects and Schisms amongst Church-men) in watery, to the Fish and Creatures living in the Watery Element: in Bestial Signs, to Beasts, according to the nature of the Sign: as if Aries, to Sheep: if Capricorn, to Goats: if Taurus, to Bulls, Cows and Oxen: if Sagittary, the last 15 degrees, to Horses, &c. and if feral signs, to wild Beasts.

（不过琼克提努斯向我们保证，若交食在天秤，表示草木腐烂，教士之间会有教派与分裂）在水象，及于鱼和生活在水元素中的生物：在兽形星座，依星座的本性及于兽类：比如若在白羊，及于羊：若在摩羯，及于山羊：若在金牛，及于公牛、母牛与阉牛：若在射手，后十五度，及于马，等等；若在野性星座，及于野兽。

See also in what Triplicity the Luminaries are Eclipsed; for Junctinus saith, An Eclipse either of the Sun or Moon in the Fiery Triplicity, denotes the motion of Armies, the death and destruction of Cattell, Kings and Great men; imprisonments, enmity between the Vulgar and Nobler sort of People, dissemblings, fewd and discords, wars, and grievous slaughter and destruction of men, murthers, thefts, depopulations, abortions to women, sharp Feavers and Epidemical diseases through excess of heat, apparitions in the Air, scarcity of Rain, especially in those Regions and places subject to the sign wherein the Eclipse is, admirable and strange mutations.

也要看两光在哪个三方交食；因为琼克提努斯说，日食或月食在火象三方，表示军队的调动，牲畜、国王与大人物的死亡与毁灭；监禁，平民与贵族之间的仇恨，虚伪、积怨与不和，战争，人的惨烈杀戮与毁灭，谋杀、偷盗、人口流失，妇女流产，因过热而有急性热病与流行病，空中的异象，雨水稀少，尤其在交食所在星座所辖的那些地区与地方，还有惊人而奇异的变化。

In the Earthy Triplicity when any of the Luminaries are Eclipsed, it occasions scarcity of the Fruits of the Earth, and chiefly of Corn, and such things as are usually sown every Year.

在土象三方任一光体交食时，造成地上果实的匮乏，主要是谷物，以及通常每年播种的那些东西。

In the Aiery, shews Famine, fierce and violent Maladies and Pestilential Diseases, tempestuous stormy winds, and those very pernicious.

在风象，表示饥荒，猛烈暴烈的恶疾与瘟疫病，狂暴的风暴，而且非常有害。

In the Watry Triplicity it promiseth the death of the Vulgar and ignobler sort of People, seditions and rumors of wars, and eruptions and overflowings of the Sea-banks.

在水象三方，它预示平民与卑微之人的死亡，叛乱与战争的谣言，以及海岸的溃决与泛滥。

Moreover he further testifieth, that if an Eclipse happen in Aries, it causeth alteration in Fruits: Vines and Fig-trees shall be corrupted.

此外他还进一步证明，若交食发生在白羊，就引起果实的变化：葡萄藤与无花果树会败坏。

If in Libra, in Seeds and Herbs; and Schisms amongst Ecclesiastical men (as you have already heard.)

若在天秤，及于种子与草木；以及教士之间的分裂（如你已经听过的）。

In Cancer, a rot tenness or corruption of the fruit when it is gathered, causing sickness to those that eat them, perhaps surfeits.

在巨蟹，果实采下时腐烂败坏，使吃的人生病，或许是饮食过度之病。

In Capricorn, it denotes Olives to be devoured by Locusts or Caterpillers and such like Worms, many shipwracks and submersions of ships, change in mens dispositions and manners, especially in those Regions and Places subject unto Capricorn.

在摩羯，它表示橄榄被蝗虫或毛虫之类的虫吞食，多有沉船与船只沉没，人的性情与风俗改变，尤其在摩羯所辖的那些地区与地方。

In Gemini and Sagittary an Eclipse threatens destruction to flying Fowls, especially such as men eat, whereby many men come to sudden death.

在双子和射手，交食威胁飞禽的毁灭，尤其是人所吃的那些，许多人因此暴死。

In Virgo and Pisces harm and destruction to Vegetables and Creatures living in the Waters, cheifly in Fountains, corruption of Rivers.

在处女和双鱼，草木与水中生物受害毁灭，主要在泉水中，河流败坏。

In Taurus, Scorpio, Leo and Aquaries, ruine of houses and ancient buildings, divisions and hatred amongst the Clergy, and they shall excite Tumults.

在金牛、天蝎、狮子和水瓶，房屋与古老建筑毁坏，教士之间分裂相恨，他们会激起骚乱。

Let us now come to Ptolomyes Method in judging of Eclipses, which he begins in Chap. 4. of his 2. Book of his Quadripartite, after this manner.

现在让我们来看托勒密判断交食的方法，他是在他《四书》第二卷第四章开始的，如下。

CHAP. I. Containing Ptolomies method in judging Eclipses, and how to know the Regions to which the Effects belong.

第一章　载托勒密判断交食之法，以及怎样知道其效应属于哪些地区。

AFter he had in the preceding Chapters declared the conditions and constitutions of severall Nations of the World, and the occasion thereof from the nature of the Signs and Planets, he comes in the 4 Chapter to a more facil way of appropriating them unto the several signs of the Zodiack, the better to predict the most eminent accidents and casualties in all Nations, Kingdoms, and Regions, &c.

他在前面几章说明了世上几个民族的境况与禀性，以及其由来出于星座与行星的本性之后，在第四章转到一个更容易的办法，把它们分配给黄道的各个星座，以便更好地预言所有民族、王国与地区里最显著的事故与变故，等等。

Wherefore herein there will be four things most worthy our consideration.

所以在这里有四件事最值得我们考虑。

The first, The Places or Regions, Countreys, Kingdoms or Cities where the effects of any Eclipse will be manifest.

第一，任何交食的效应会在哪些地方或地区、国家、王国或城市显现。

The second, The time when the Effects shall begin and how long continue.

第二，效应何时开始，持续多久。

The third, The kinds of the events.

第三，事件的种类。

The fourth, The quality of the events whither good or evill.

第四，事件的性质是好是坏。

Touching the first you have no more to do but thus; see what place of the Zodiack your Eclipse fals in, whither it be of the Sun or Moon, and what Cities, Countries, Kingdoms or Regions are subject to the sign wherein the Eclipse is, and such Cities that had the sign wherein the defect is, in the Horoscope or first House at the time of its first structure, or the place then of the Sun or Moon, and the places subject to the signs in Opposition and Square thereunto, you may say shall assuredly taste of its effects, as also such Regions wherein the Eclipse shall be visible; Kingdoms, Cities and Places subject to every sign of the Zodiack you have in the second Book.

关于第一件，你只需这样做；看你的交食，不论是日食还是月食，落在黄道的什么位置，什么城市、国家、王国或地区属于交食所在的星座，以及哪些城市在初建之时其上升或第一宫是亏缺所在的那个星座，或那时日月的位置在那个星座，还有属于与它对冲和四分的那些星座的地方，你可以说一定会尝到它的效应，在能看见这次交食的那些地区也是如此；黄道每个星座所辖的王国、城市与地方，你在第二卷里已经有了。