卷四·第三节第十三章　何时有雨：日月金星的格局与民间雨兆

CHAP. XIII. Teaching by other Rules how to judge of the alteration of the Ayr, and to know when Rain is to be expected.

第十三章　以别的规则教人怎样判断空气的变化，知道何时可以期待下雨。

YOu must still remember to erect your Figure for the exact time for which you require judgement, and place the Planets therein being (reduced to the time of the day) and see what Planets are then in Conjunction or Aspect with the Sun and Moon, especially if the figure be made at any Lunation, for if it be Jupiter or Venus and they corporally joined to the Sun and Moon, or Jupiter in a Sextile or Trine of them, and they be then free from the Conjunction and Aspect of all the Malevolents, neither apply unto them after their separation from Jupiter, it is an assured testimony of fair weather; but if Jupiter behold them by a Square or Opposition; and they free also from the Malevolent Configurations of the Infortunes (as hath been said) he shall denote gentle pleasant shewers.

你仍须记住，要为你要求判断的准确时刻起盘，把行星（换算到当日的时刻）放进去，看那时哪些行星与太阳、月亮会合或成相位，尤其若盘是在任何朔望之时起的；因为若是木星或金星，而它们与太阳和月亮以星体相合，或木星与它们成六分或三分，而它们那时又免于一切凶星的会合与相位，离开木星之后也不趋近凶星，那就是好天气的确实证据；但若木星以四分或对冲照看它们，而它们也免于凶星的凶恶格局（如前所说），他会表示温和宜人的阵雨。

But if any of the Malevolent Planets, especially Saturn be in Aspect with them, or Conjunction, although by Sextile or Trine, or they apply unto him after their Conjunction, especially if by Square or Opposition, rain shall inevitably follow, for it is the natural property of the Malevolents to disturb and thicken the Ayr with offensive gross vapours, as it is the disposition of the fortunes to disperse them and clear the ayr thereof, resisting the quality of the Malevolents.

但若任何一颗凶星，尤其土星，与它们成相位或会合，即使是六分或三分，或者它们在会合之后趋近他，尤其若是以四分或对冲，就必然随之有雨，因为凶星的自然属性是用令人不快的浓重蒸气扰乱、浓化空气，正如吉星的性情是驱散这些蒸气、使空气澄清，抵抗凶星的品质。

Now you must know, that although Venus be one of the fortunes, yet doth she by reason of her moist nature dispose the ayr and weather to moisture, especially if she be in any Configuration with the Sun in moist signs and mansions, or have any commixture or participation with the malevolents, but yet she seldome sends noisome or unseasonable wet weather, unless, when she participates with the infortunes she be then also very weak and afflicted, for then she is not able to lessen their malicious influence.

现在你必须知道，虽然金星是吉星之一，但因为她湿润的本性，她使空气与天气趋于潮湿，尤其若她在湿象星座与湿宿与太阳成任何格局，或与凶星有任何混合与共参；但她很少带来有害或不合时的雨天，除非她与凶星共参时也非常弱而受害，因为那时她就无力减轻它们的恶意影响。

If the Sun be in the South part of heaven and Venus under his beams, and the Moon be then in Conjunction with either of them, especially with Venus, or applying unto her by any Aspect, you shall assuredly judge when that Configuration is, viz. that very day and hour there shall be rain and shewers, and if then Mercury also be in the same part of Heaven applying to the Moon by Conjunction or Aspect, it shall prenote rain, especially if the Moon be in Scorpio: so also if Mars and Venus be in Conjunction, especially also in Scorpio; and when the Sun is in Aquaries and the Moon applying by Opposition unto him, and Venus be also placed as aforesaid, you shall judge rain at that very hour, so also when Mars applyes at that time to either the Sun or Venus, and the Moon in Square or Opposition of the Sun, and when Venus applyes unto the Sun, and Mercury then also in Conjunction with her or she with him, rain is to be expected at that very instant; again, if the Sun be in Libra, and Venus in Sagittarius in the same number of degrees, and the Moon applying, especially to Venus, that very day and hour you may predict rain; also when the Sun is either in Aries or Aquaries and the Moon in Opposition unto him many shewers follow in that day from the hour of their Opposition; judge the same if the Moon be in Sagitary, yet Leo is a cause of more shewers a great deal; also if the aforesaid Configurations be out of the houses of Mars and Venus, judge the same, viz. wet-weather, also thunder, lightning, rain in great drops, and sometimes hail:

若太阳在天的南方，金星在他的光下，而月亮那时与他们中任一个会合，尤其与金星，或以任何相位趋近她，你就可以确定地判断，在那个格局之时，即就在那天那个小时，会有雨与阵雨；若那时水星也在天的同一部分，以会合或相位趋近月亮，就预示有雨，尤其若月亮在天蝎：同样，若火星与金星会合，尤其也在天蝎；当太阳在水瓶，月亮以对冲趋近他，金星也如上所说那样位置，你就要判断就在那个小时有雨，同样，当火星那时趋近太阳或金星，而月亮在太阳的四分或对冲，以及当金星趋近太阳，水星那时也与她会合或她与他会合，就在那一刻可以期待有雨；再者，若太阳在天秤，金星在射手同样的度数，而月亮趋近，尤其趋近金星，就在那天那个小时你可以预言有雨；还有，当太阳在白羊或水瓶，月亮与他对冲，从他们对冲的那个小时起，那天会随之有许多阵雨；若月亮在射手，也照同样判断，不过狮子引起的阵雨多得多；还有，若上述格局出自火星与金星的庙，也照同样判断，即潮湿的天气，还有雷、电、大雨点，有时还有冰雹：

Again, if the Sun be in Aries or Pisces, and the Moon in Libra or Virgo, or Sagittary, there shall be shewers in that hour wherein they come to a Partil Opposition or Square; In like manner if Venus and Mercury in any of the aforesaid places behold the Sun out of Leo, and the Moon apply also then unto him, especially if she be in Leo, it signifies many flashes of lightning and thunder, yet little or no rain, especially if they are in Partil Conjunction or Aspect; also if the Sun be in Aries, Leo, Libra, Scorpio or Aquaries, and the Moon in a right diameter joined unto him by Conjunction or Aspect, or to Venus by Opposition from either Aries or Libra, it denotes after rain many flashes of lightning and thunder:

再者，若太阳在白羊或双鱼，月亮在天秤、处女或射手，在它们成精确对冲或四分的那个小时会有阵雨；同样，若金星与水星在上述任何位置从狮子照看太阳，月亮那时也趋近他，尤其若她在狮子，就表示许多闪电与雷，却很少或没有雨，尤其若它们成精确会合或相位；还有，若太阳在白羊、狮子、天秤、天蝎或水瓶，月亮在正对的直径上与他以会合或相位相联，或从白羊或天秤与金星对冲，就表示雨后有许多闪电与雷：

Lastly, if the Sun or the Moon be in Pisces no wise upheld or aspected of the fortunes, and Mars do then behold them with a Square or Opposition, it shews there will follow much rain, thunder and flashes of lightning.

最后，若太阳或月亮在双鱼，完全不受吉星扶持或照看，而火星那时以四分或对冲照看它们，就表示随之会有很多雨、雷与闪电。

But you are here to note that there are some places of the Zodiack called Places of rain, and again others which are not altogether so effectual; those which most conduce and incline to rain, are Cancer, Leo, Capricorn and Aquaries, for if the Moon be in any of them and corporally joined to Venus, or by any Aspect doth participate of her nature, and their beams touch each other within one degree either before or after the Partil Conjunction, or Aspect, especially if the Aspect be a Square or Opposition, there shall follow many shewers, but you are to take notice that the first 15 degrees of Capricorn is less effectual, or conduceth least to rain of any of the other, and the last fifteen degrees inclines rather to cold, so that you are warily to judge according to discretion; those places that are less effectual are the last term of Aries, and the signs Gemini, Virgo and Libra.

但你在这里要注意，黄道上有些位置称为多雨之位，另一些则不那么有效；最有助于、最倾向于下雨的，是巨蟹、狮子、摩羯与水瓶，因为若月亮在其中任何一个，与金星以星体相合，或以任何相位分得她的本性，而它们的光线在精确会合或相位之前或之后一度之内互相接触，尤其若相位是四分或对冲，随之就会有许多阵雨，但你要注意，摩羯的前十五度在其他诸位中效力最小，最不助雨，后十五度更倾向于冷，所以你要依斟酌谨慎判断；那些效力较小的位置，是白羊的最后一个界，以及双子、处女与天秤三个星座。

And here for the manifestation of the secret and admirable power and influence of the Heavens, Stars and Planets, I may justly reprehend such as deny their influences on Sublunaries by these ordinary and common signs of rain; As,

在这里，为了显明诸天、星辰与行星隐秘而奇妙的力量与影响，我可以用这些平常普通的雨兆，正当地驳斥那些否认它们对月下之物有影响的人；比如，

The unusual crowing of the Cock, viz. at times unaccustomed, denotes rain: Also inordinate swelling of the Seas, Rivers, and other waters, in calm and moderate weather: The straightness of doores and windows: The noyse and trumpeting sound of Peacocks: The crying of Fowles about waters: The crying and whining of Swine: The absence of Sea and Water-fowl from the Sea, and frequenting the Land: And Land-fowle frequenting the water: The chirping of Sparrows in a morning, viz. about Sun-rising or a little after:

公鸡反常地啼叫，即在不习惯的时候啼叫，表示有雨：还有，在平静和缓的天气里海、河与其他水域反常地涨起：门窗变紧：孔雀的叫声与如号角般的鸣声：水边禽鸟的叫声：猪的叫唤与哼哼：海鸟与水鸟离开海、常到陆上来：而陆上的禽鸟常到水边：早晨即日出时或稍后麻雀的啁啾：

The sudden motion of Beasts out of one place into another, and their making then a noyse: The frequent licking of their feet and hoofs; and this is very remarkable in the Cat, who still before rain and tempestuous weather, will run up and down the house, turning over and over, and playing with her tail, and ascend up by hangings, beds, or such like to the roof of the room; and this she will do very often together, although each time she endangereth her self by descending:

牲畜突然从一处移到另一处，那时还发出叫声：常常舔它们的脚与蹄；这在猫身上非常显著，她总是在下雨与暴风天气之前在屋里跑上跑下，翻来滚去，玩自己的尾巴，顺着挂毯、床或这类东西爬到房间的顶上；她会接连这样做很多次，尽管每次下来都使自己陷于危险：

Even as though (and as I indeed conceive it) she were by the influence of the Heavens constrained to such mad freakish actions: You may also observe that these creatures make a great stir at such times in licking their feet, and rubbing their feet about their visage and head, whence the vulgar usually say at such times, The Cat washeth her face, &c. The greedy feeding of Beasts also denotes rain: and their snuffing up the ayr with their head held up against the wind: The resorting of Poultry to their roost being covered with dust:

就好像（我确实也这样认为）她是受诸天的影响所迫，做出这样疯癫古怪的举动：你也可以看到，这些动物在这种时候忙着舔脚，把脚在脸上与头上擦来擦去，所以平常人在这种时候常说：猫在洗脸，等等。牲畜贪吃也表示有雨：还有它们抬头迎风嗅空气：家禽满身尘土回到栖架上：

The egression of Worms out of the Earth: The tumbling and rubbing of Dogs in the dust: The busie heaving of Moules: The quick pratling of the Crow: The high flight of Birds: The close flying of the Swallow to the water, and the flapping of her wings therein: The busie working of the Spider in her web: Also the business of the Ant with her Egges: The sound of Bels when they are heard further then usually: The inordinate sweating of Stones in dry weather: The hankering of Bees about home in fair weather:

蚯蚓从地里出来：狗在尘土里打滚磨蹭：鼹鼠忙着拱土：乌鸦急促地聒噪：鸟飞得高：燕子贴近水面飞，在水里拍打翅膀：蜘蛛在网上忙着结网：还有蚂蚁忙着搬它的卵：钟声听得比平常远：石头在干燥天气里反常地出汗：蜜蜂在晴天也在巢边流连：

The excessive pain of Corns and old sores and wounds in men and women which are either very great, or not well cured: The business of Fowls in pruning themselves, especially if it be in winter. And here I would have the Reader to take notice, that unless they be seen to squeese the small Pustule (as it were) that groweth on their rump, and then anoint their feathers by slightly stroaking their bils thereon, it is no certain sign of rain, for in their time of moultring they will prune and peck their feathers all day long; but in this Pustule (as I may call it for the resemblance it hath therewith) there is a certain unctious matter or oily substance wherewith they smooth their feathers and anoint them, be better to keep out the wet, and this thou mayest easily perceive to be true by taking a feather and pulling it asunder with your fingers gently, and you will soon see how the beards on the edges thereof will stick together.

男女身上的鸡眼、旧疮与伤口剧痛，那些伤很大或没有治好的：禽鸟忙着整理羽毛，尤其若是在冬天。在这里我要读者注意，除非看见它们挤压长在尾臀上的那个小疱（可以这么说），然后用喙在上面轻轻一抹来涂抹羽毛，否则就不是下雨的确定征兆，因为它们在换羽的时候会整天整理、啄理羽毛；但在这个疱（因为它与疱相像，我可以这样叫它）里有一种油性的物质或油质，它们用来抹平羽毛、涂抹羽毛，以便更好地挡住湿气，你可以很容易地看出这是真的：取一根羽毛，用手指轻轻把它拉开，你很快就会看到它边上的羽枝怎样粘在一起。

I might here instance many more such like ordinary signs of the mutations of the Ayr; but since I desire not to be tedious, and to the judicious and searchers of Nature, many such like testimonies will be frequently offered to their considerations, I shall here desist, deriding such as shall deny by their ignorance the admirable and powerful vertues of the Heavens, Stars and Celestial Planets, being convinced even by these bruit creatures, Fowls, creeping things, and the very stones; wherefore such must needs be concluded worse, or at best no better then Stocks, Dolts or Asses.

我在这里还可以举出许多类似的空气变化的平常征兆；但因为我不想冗长，而对明理之人与自然的探究者来说，会常常有许多这类证据呈现在他们眼前供他们考虑，我就在此打住，嘲笑那些出于无知而否认诸天、星辰与天上行星奇妙而有力的德能的人，他们甚至被这些不会说话的生物、禽鸟、爬虫乃至石头所驳倒；所以这样的人必定被断为更糟，或至多不比木桩、笨伯或驴子强。