卷二·第四章　太阳及其所主

CHAP. IV. Of the Nature and Significations of the SVN.

第四章　论太阳的本性与所主。

LEt us descend now unto the Sun. We are by Gods blessing come now to the Sun, which is successively next to be treated on; he is under Mars, placed in the midst of all the Planets, being the chief light and president of them all, sitting as a Judge or King amongst his Nobles; for as Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars is placed above his sphear, so are Venus, Mercury and Luna beneath him; wherefore some of the Antients have ascribed to him chief rule, and made him, as it were, an Emperor amongst the Stars.

现在让我们下降到太阳。蒙神赐福，我们现在来到太阳，他依次是下一个要讲的；他在火星之下，位于众行星的正中，是首要的光，是它们全体的首领，像法官或国王坐在他的贵族中间；因为土星、木星和火星位于他的天球之上，金星、水星和月亮也同样在他之下；所以有些古人把首要的统治权归给他，把他当作群星中的皇帝一般。

Saturn is his Vice-roy, for that all Planets give unto him their light, or do homage and reverence unto him, by reason of his slowness.

土星是他的总督，因为众行星都把光给他，或向他致敬行礼，这是由于他行动迟缓。

Jupiter hath assigned him chief rule and dominion in the Realm, for that he is of a temperate, sober, good, honest and religious inclination.

木星被派给他国中的首要统治之权，因为他的禀性温和、清醒、善良、正直而虔敬。

Mars is his chief Captain, or General of all his Forces.

火星是他的首席将领，即他全军的统帅。

Venus is Receiver, or Master-Comptroller of his house, by reason she is nearer Sol then any other.

金星是他的收支官，即他宫中的总管，因为她比其他任何星都更靠近太阳。

Mercury hath assigned him chief Secretary of State, by reason when the King goeth any Progress or Journey, he goeth; and when the King stayeth, so doth also Mercury, for he is never far from his beck.

水星被派作他的首席国务秘书，因为国王出巡或远行时，他也去；国王停留时，水星也停留，因为他从不远离国王的召唤。

Luna is his Standard-bearer, being furthest from him; she is also, as I may say, Embassador, Messenger, &c. to do his business.

月亮是他的旗手，因为她离他最远；也可以说，她是他的使节、信使等等，替他办事。

The fixed Stars of several magnitudes, are Officers and Commanders under these; I mean those especially of the first, second and third magnitude; the other are only subjects, as it were, to the above-named, or equivalent to common people.

各种星等的恒星是这些星之下的官员和指挥；我指的尤其是一等、二等、三等的星；其余的只像是上面这些星的臣民，或相当于平民百姓。

Wherefore then upon the meetings of these Superiors, are concluded the rise, subversion, confirmation, alteration, prosperity, scarcity, plenty, poverty, beginning and subversion of States, Kingdoms, Empires, Common-wealths, and what not? nay and the whole government of the Elements and this Elementary World, and all things and causes external and internal in them, as in a Councel or Senate, &c.

因此，在这些上位者会合之时，国家、王国、帝国、共和国的兴起、倾覆、巩固、变更、繁荣、匮乏、丰足、贫困、开端与颠覆，还有什么不是在此议定的呢？不仅如此，连诸元素与这个元素世界的全部治理，以及其中一切内外的事物与原因，也都像在议会或元老院里一样在此议定，等等。

The Sun is so vulgarly known, that here to insist on his colour, complexion or light, were but vain; he is masculine, Diurnal, the fountain of life, &c.

太阳人人皆知，在这里细说他的颜色、气色或光芒，只是徒劳；他是阳性的、昼性的，是生命的泉源，等等。

He exceeds the earth in bigness according to Tycho 140 times, Ptolomie saith 166. times, and Copernicus 162.

照第谷，他比地球大一百四十倍，托勒密说一百六十六倍，哥白尼说一百六十二倍。

He is by the estimation of Tycho distant from the earth, 1150. Semidiameters of the earth. Ptolomie saith, 1165. semidiameters; and Copernicus saith, 1142. semidiameters of the earth.

照第谷的估计，他与地球的距离是地球半径的一千一百五十倍。托勒密说是一千一百六十五倍；哥白尼说是地球半径的一千一百四十二倍。

His mean motion is 59. m. 8. sec.

他的平均运行是五十九分八秒。

His Diurnal motion is sometimes 57. m. 16. s. never exceeding 59. m. 8 sec.

他的日行有时是五十七分十六秒，从不超过五十九分八秒。

He finisheth his course through the 12. signs of the Zodiack in 365. days, and six hours or neer upon &c.

他走完黄道十二星座要三百六十五天又六小时左右，等等。

When he is well dignified, the King and Nobles shall exceed and increase in glory and renown; Corn, Beasts and Birds shall be plentifull; the people generally prosperous and successfull, and all things in a good condition, whereof the Sun hath any signification: All this is meant, if he be Lord of the year in any annual Revolution; but if he be weak, judge the contrary.

当他尊贵良好时，国王与贵族的荣耀与声名会更加显赫增长；谷物、牲畜和禽鸟都会丰足；百姓普遍兴旺顺遂，凡太阳所主的一切都处境良好：这一切都是指他在某个年度回归中为年主的时候；但如果他弱，就判断相反。

Emperours, Kings, Monarchs, Princes, Dukes, Marquesses, and indeed all Noble and High-born people, and in general all Gentlemen, and those that are in office or command of superiority in City, Town or Countrey; Coyners, Masters of the Mint, Goldsmiths, Spinners of Gold and Silver, and all such neat Trades, Silver and Gold-wyer-drawers, and the like.

皇帝、国王、君主、亲王、公爵、侯爵，以及一切高贵出身的人，总之一切绅士，以及在城市、城镇或乡间任职或居于上位发号施令的人；铸币工、造币厂厂长、金匠、纺金银线的，以及一切这类精巧的行业，拉金银丝的，诸如此类。

Tyrants, Usurpers, Constables, Head-boroughs, and all such as bear any petty or usurped authority.

暴君、篡位者、治安官、里正，以及一切掌有小权或篡来权柄的人。

He is Author of magnanimity, state and majesty, heat, &c.

他是宽宏、威仪、庄严与热等等的来源。

One of no tall stature, but about the middle size, strong and portly, having a stately majestical gate, of a saffron-coloured complexion, or Sun-burnt, flaxonish, or light fair hair, somewhat crisping or curling; a large full hazle eye, a broad forehead, a very decent, hansom body throughout.

一个身材不高、而是中等左右的人，强壮而仪表堂堂，步态庄严威武，肤色番红花色，或晒成棕色，头发亚麻色或浅金色，略带卷曲；榛色的大眼睛，饱满，额宽，通身非常端正好看。

The Sun is not, nor cannot be said to be Oriental, or Occidental, otherwise then as he is in any Figure located near the East angle, or verging towards the West; for all other Planets are said to be Oriental, or Occidental, as in relation to the Sun, in that they rise before him, or set after him.

太阳不是、也不能说是东出或西入，除非是就他在某张盘里位于东方角附近，或偏向西方而言；因为其他所有行星之所以称为东出或西入，都是相对于太阳而言，看它们先于他升起，还是在他之后落下。

The Sun hath never any Latitude; for he ever moves forward in the Eccliptick.

太阳从来没有纬度；因为他始终在黄道上前行。

Sowre and sharp savours.

酸而辛的味道。

Yellow.

黄色。

In man, he ruleth the heart, brain and right eye; in women, the left eye.

在男人身上，他主心、脑和右眼；在女人身上主左眼。

Saffron, Pyony, Mary-gold, Balm, Ginger, Dittany, Sallendine, Vervine, which being gathered under its proper constellation, driveth away evil Spirits; and it is also used in prophesying; Pomcitron, Ambre, Rosemary, St. Johns-wort, Musk, Herb-grace, Rosa-Solis, Cinamon, Eye-bright, Cinquefoil, lignum Aloes, Barley, Lavender, Sweet Marjoram, Pepper, Frankinsense, Honey, Aromaticus, &c.

番红花、芍药、金盏花、香蜂草、姜、白鲜、白屈菜、马鞭草——在它相应的星象下采集，能驱走邪灵，也用于预言；香橼、琥珀、迷迭香、圣约翰草、麝香、芸香、茅膏菜、肉桂、小米草、委陵菜、沉香木、大麦、薰衣草、甜马郁兰、胡椒、乳香、蜂蜜、菖蒲，等等。

The Bay-tree, the Ash, Cedar, Ivie, the Vine, the Orange and Lemmon-tree.

月桂树、白蜡树、雪松、常春藤、葡萄藤、橙树和柠檬树。

The Phoenix, Swan, Cock, Hawk, Nightingal, Lark, the Buzzard, &c.

凤凰、天鹅、公鸡、鹰、夜莺、云雀、鵟，等等。

Aetites, the stone called the eye of the Sun, because it is like the apple of the eye in form, the Carbuncle, the Chrysolite, the stone called Iris, the stone Heliotropion, the Hyacinth, the stone Pyroyphylus, the stone Pantauras, Pantherus or Pantochras, in the Scripture it is called Evanthum; the Topaz, Rubie, Diamond.

鹰石；称为「太阳之眼」的石头，因为它形状像眼珠；红玉；贵橄榄石；称为「虹石」的石头；日光石；风信子石；火爱石；潘陶拉石，又名潘特鲁斯石或潘托克拉斯石，在经文里称为伊万图姆；黄玉、红宝石、钻石。

The learned and most famous Cornelius Agrippa, Lib. 1. Chap. 23. of his Occulta Philosophia saith, that Albertus Magnus and William of Paris gave to these stones these vertues as followeth.

博学而极负盛名的科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕在他的《神秘哲学》第一卷第二十三章说，大阿尔伯特和巴黎的威廉赋予这些石头如下的功效。

Aetites, or the stone that is found in the Eagles Nest, cureth the Falling-sickness, and poysons.

鹰石，即在鹰巢里找到的那种石头，能治癫痫和毒。

The eye of the Sun, is singular good for comforting the brain, and strengthening the eye-sight.

太阳之眼对安舒头脑、增强视力特别好。

The Carbuncle, is of great vertue against Aëry and vapourous poyson.

红玉对空气中与蒸气中的毒有很大的效力。

The Chrysolite, is of marvellous operation, in preserving the Lungs, and helpeth much those that are Asthmatical; and if it be bored through and filled with the Mane of an Asse, and bound to the left arm, it driveth away idle imaginations, melancholy fears and foolishness.

贵橄榄石在保养肺部上有神奇的作用，对哮喘的人大有帮助；如果把它钻穿，塞进驴的鬃毛，绑在左臂上，能驱走妄想、忧郁的恐惧和愚蠢。

The Iris, it is like the Chrystal in colour, it commonly having six Corners; it being part held in the shadow and part in the rays or beams of the Sun, it gathereth the rays of the Sun into it self, and reflecteth them again in the form of a Rainbow.

虹石的颜色像水晶，通常有六个角；把它一部分放在阴影里、一部分放在阳光下，它就把太阳的光线聚到自身，再以彩虹的形状反射出来。

The Heliotropion, is in colour green like a Jasper, speckled with red; this causeth the bearer to be constant, renowned, famous, and conduceth to long life; it is said to turn the beams of the Sun into the colour of blood, viz. when it is joyned to the juice of the herb of the same name and put into water, it dazleth the sight so much that the bearer can hardly see it by the help of the aforesaid herb.

日光石颜色绿如碧玉，带红色斑点；它使佩带的人坚定、有声望、受称颂，并有助于长寿；据说它能把阳光变成血的颜色，即把它与同名草药的汁液合在一起放进水里时；它使人目眩到这种地步，以致借着上述草药之助，佩带的人几乎看不见它。

The Hyacinth, is good against poyson and pestiferous vapours; it keepeth the bearer safe and acceptable; it conduceth also to riches and wit; it strengthens the heart, being held in the mouth, and wonderfully cheereth the minde.

风信子石能抵御毒与瘟气；它使佩带者平安、受人欢迎；也有助于财富和才智；含在口中能强心，令心情大为欢畅。

The Pyrophilus as Aesculapius maketh mention, There is a certain poison so very cold, which preserves the heart of man (being taken out) from burning, so that if for any time it be put into the fire, it is turned into a stone; whence it is called Pyrophilus from the fire.

火爱石，如埃斯库拉庇乌斯所提到的：有一种极寒的毒，能保护人的心（取出之后）不被烧毁，所以若把它放进火里一段时间，它就变成石头；因此它从火得名，叫作火爱石。

It is marvellously efficacious against poyson, and it makes the bearer renowed and dreadfull to his enemies.

它对毒有神奇的功效，使佩带者声名远扬，令敌人畏惧。

The Pantaura is of that sympathetical vertue that it draweth other stones to it as a load-stone doth iron; admirable against Poysons.

潘陶拉石有一种相感的效力，能像磁石吸铁那样把别的石头吸向自己；抗毒极佳。

I know there are many good wits in this Nation that have not the least faith in these matters concerning the vertues of stones, and indeed of the whole scope of these my writings; yet they must pardon me if I will not conclude as the vulgar and illiterate in such mysteries do; for I have learned this modest lesson (which I could wish were also imprinted in their brests) Not to condemn what I am ignorant of; for of all things (in my opinion) there can be none so ridiculous as for a man to dislike, contradict, gainsay or condemn what he is ignorant of: if thou hast no belief in these matters; yet mayst thou benefit thy self thereby; it is but thy pains in trying the conclusions; if they fail, then mayst thou on good ground condemn them; if they hit, thou reapest hereby a double benefit, knowledge and experience; wherefore by the way I thought good to hint at this, that thou mayest not persist in thy ill conceit of this Heavenly Art of the Judgment of the stars, or Astrology, since thou mayst let it alone till thou beest urged by any Artist to have any esteem thereof, though never so slight: but to our business in hand.

我知道，这个国家有许多聪明才智之士，对这些关于石头功效的事毫不相信，其实对我这些著作的全部宗旨也不信；可是他们得原谅我，我不愿像那些对这类奥秘一无所知的凡俗无学之人那样下结论；因为我学到了一个谦逊的教训（我但愿它也印在他们心上）：不要谴责自己所不懂的东西；因为在我看来，天下没有什么比一个人厌恶、反驳、否认或谴责他所不懂的东西更可笑的了：如果你不相信这些事，你还是可以从中得益；不过是费点工夫去验证这些结论；如果不灵，你就可以有充分的理由谴责它们；如果灵验，你就从中收获双重的益处，即知识和经验；所以我觉得不妨顺便提一下这一点，好让你不至于对这门判断星辰的天上之术即占星学，固执你的成见，因为你尽可以不去理会它，直到有哪位术士劝你对它有所重视，哪怕只是一点点：言归正传吧。

Of Mettals or Minerals, the Sun ruled gold.

金属或矿物中，太阳主黄金。

The Sea-Calf, whose Nature is to resist lightning, Shel-fish, the Star-fish for her parching heat, and the fishes called Strombi that follow their King, and Margari which have a King also; these Margari being dryed, are fixed into a stone of a golden colour, as witnesseth Cornelius Agrippa.

海豹，其本性能抵御雷电；贝类；海星，因为它灼热；被称为「螺」的鱼，它们跟随自己的王；还有珍珠贝，它们也有王；这些珍珠贝晒干后凝成金色的石头，科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕可以作证。

All such Beasts as are stately, bold, strong and invicible, as the Lion, Crocodile, Wolf, Ram, Boar, Bull, Horse, and Baboon, of the which it is Recorded, that he barketh every hour in the day, viz. twelve times in a day, and that in the Equinoctial times of the year he pisseth twelve times, viz, every hour, also as often in the night Gesner on Beasts, pag. 10. Whence the Egyptians (as Cornelius Agrippa and others, Lib. 1. cap. 23. de Occult. Philos. relate) did use to engrave them on their Fountains.

一切威武、勇猛、强壮、不可战胜的兽类，如狮子、鳄鱼、狼、公羊、野猪、公牛、马，以及狒狒——据记载，它在白天每个时辰叫一次，即一天十二次，而在一年的分点时节，它每个时辰撒一次尿，即一天十二次，夜里也同样多次（格斯纳《动物志》第十页）。所以埃及人（如科尼利厄斯·阿格里帕等人在《神秘哲学》第一卷第二十三章所述）常把它们刻在泉池上。

Moreover the Aegyptians did use to preserve them amongst their hollowed things; for that by them they knew the time of the Conjunction of Sol and Luna, (see Gesner of Beasts pag. 10.) for after the aforesaid Conjunction, the Male Baboon will neither look up nor eat, but goes still dejected, as it were lamenting the ravishment of the Moon, with this disdainfull passion; in like manner the Female at that time sendeth forth blood out of her womb of Conception; for which cause the Egyptians signifie by a Baboon the Moon, and her rising by his standing upright, holding his hands up toward heaven.

此外，埃及人常把它们保存在神圣之物中间；因为借着它们，他们能知道日月会合的时刻（见格斯纳《动物志》第十页）；因为在上述会合之后，公狒狒既不抬头也不进食，而是一直垂头丧气，仿佛带着这种愤愤的激情在哀悼月亮被夺走；同样，母狒狒在那时会从子宫流出血来；所以埃及人用狒狒来表示月亮，用它直立、双手举向天空来表示月亮的升起。

He causeth Weather according to the Season, &c. of the which more hereafter.

他按季节造成天气，等等，这一点以后再讲。

Princes Palaces, Courts, Houses, all magnificent Buildings, Halls, Dining-rooms, Parlers, &c.

君王的宫殿、朝廷、府邸、一切宏伟的建筑、大厅、餐厅、客厅，等等。

He loveth and delighteth in the East part of the World, and Eastern Winds.

他爱好并喜欢世界的东方，以及东风。

Of the Coelestial signs, he ruleth for his house only Leo.

天上的星座中，他只以狮子为庙。

He ruleth by day the fiery Triplicity, viz. Aries, Leo, and Sagittary.

他白天主管火象三方，即白羊、狮子和射手。

He is exalted in Aries the 19. degree.

他在白羊十九度得旺。

He suffreth Detriment in Aquaries.

他在水瓶陷。

And Fall in Libra.

在天秤落。

The strength of years.

年富力强之年。

His Angel is Michael.

他的天使是米迦勒。

His Friends are, Iupiter, Mars, Venus, Mercury, and Luna.

他的朋友是木星、火星、金星、水星和月亮。

His Enemy Saturn only.

他的敌人只有土星。

He ruleth Sunday of the days of the week, and of the nights that which we call Wednesday night.

一星期的日子里他主星期日，夜里则主我们称为星期三夜的那一夜。

He ruleth the fourth Climate, Italy, Bohemia, Sicilia, Caldea, the Roman Empire.

他主第四气候带、意大利、波希米亚、西西里、迦勒底、罗马帝国。

Is 15. degrees before and after any Aspect.

（容许度）是任何相位前后各十五度。

In conception he ruleth the fourth moneth.

在受孕上，他主第四个月。

His greatest years are 1640.

他的最大年数是一千六百四十年。

Yet Bonatus, and some others say, but 461.

但博纳提和另一些人说只有四百六十一年。

His greater years are 120.

他的大年是一百二十年。

His mean years are 69.

他的中年是六十九年。

His least years are 19.

他的小年是十九年。

In journeys he giveth good success.

在旅行上，他带来顺利。

He signifieth hot and dry Diseases, palpitation of the heart, infirmities of the eyes, cramps, soundings, giddiness in the head, diseases and infirmities of the mouth and brain, Catharrs, rotten Feavers, &c.

他表示热而干的疾病、心悸、眼疾、抽筋、昏厥、头晕、口和脑的疾病与不适、黏膜流涕、腐热，等等。

The Sun is never Stationary.

太阳从不留。

He moveth always direct in the Ecliptick, and is never Retrograde.

他始终在黄道上顺行，从不逆行。