卷二·第一章　七曜的名号符号与土星

CHAP. 1. Of the Names, and Number of the Planets, with their several Characters, and of the significations and nature of SATVRN.

第一章　论诸行星的名称、数目与各自的符号，并论土星的所主与本性。

WE are to know first, There are Planets in number seven, viz. Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sol, Venus, Mercury and the Moon; and according to the usual custom of the most learned, they are thus Charactered; Saturn ♄, Jupiter ♃, Mars ♂, Sol ⊙, Venus ♀, Mercury ☿, Luna or the Moon ☽, there are also other Characters which thou wilt meet with in this Treatise, and others of this nature, and those are ☊, Dragons head, ☋ Dragons tail, ⊗ part of fortune. Every of which Planets have their several significations and influences on Sublunary and Elementary bodies; viz.

首先我们要知道，行星共有七颗，即土星、木星、火星、太阳、金星、水星和月亮；照最博学的人通常的惯例，它们的符号是：土星 ♄，木星 ♃，火星 ♂，太阳 ⊙，金星 ♀，水星 ☿，月亮 ☽；在本书以及同类的书里，你还会遇到别的符号，那就是 ☊ 龙头、☋ 龙尾、⊗ 福点。这些行星各有所主，对月下界的元素之物各有影响；即：

Saturn is the highest of all the Planets, which is the reason the Antients begin with him, both when they relate their names, and declare their natures and qualities; he is masculine and cold, he is not of a bright splendent colour, as are Jupiter and Venus, neither is he so big to our vulgar sight, but as a star of the third magnitude; yet according to Tycho, his Orb exceeds the Orbe or Globe of the earth 22 times.

土星是所有行星中最高的一颗，这就是古人无论列举行星的名称，还是讲述它们的本性与性质，都从他开始的缘故；他是阳性的、寒冷的，颜色不像木星和金星那样明亮灿烂，在我们凡眼看来也没有那么大，只像一颗三等星；可是照第谷的说法，他的星体比地球的球体大二十二倍。

Albotegnins saith 79 times, and Alfraganus 91 times, (their reasons for these their opinions, were too tedious here to relate, I refer therefore the curious therein, to their works) he is easily known, he never twinkleth, (neither indeed do any of the Planets) he is of a pale wan leaden colour; slow in motion, not finishing his course through the twelve signes of the Zodiack in less then 29 yeers 156 days; for he seldom goes above three or four minutes in a day, but six minutes is his swiftest motion; this is in relation to us by reason of his distance; which according to the former Tycho, is, 10550. semidiameters of the earth, Albotegnius and Alfraganus say 15800 semidiameters; the semidiamenter, or half thickness of the earth, is, 860 miles.

阿尔巴塔尼说大七十九倍，阿尔法甘尼说大九十一倍（他们持这些看法的理由，在这里讲就太冗长了，好奇的人请去看他们的著作）；他很容易认出来，他从不闪烁（其实所有行星都不闪烁），颜色苍白、灰暗如铅；运行缓慢，走完黄道十二星座不少于二十九年一百五十六天；因为他一天很少走到三四分以上，六分已是他最快的速度；这是就我们看来而言，缘于他距离遥远；照前面说的第谷，他的距离是地球半径的一万零五百五十倍，阿尔巴塔尼和阿尔法甘尼说是一万五千八百倍；地球的半径，即地球厚度的一半，是八百六十英里。

Saturn well fortified, and Lord of the year in any annual revolution, signifies that the people shall that year, or during that revolution, build and erect houses; shall make many alterations in Fabricks, and shall abound in all things: the earth shall be fruitfull, and the people shall be in esteem and honour with all their neighbours; the husband-man shall exceedingly increase his store and wealth, and be successfull in all his labours.

土星得力，又在某个年度回归中为年主，表示那一年或那次回归期间，人们会建造房屋；会对建筑多加改动，百物充裕：土地丰产，人民受到所有邻邦的尊重与敬礼；农夫的积蓄和财富大大增加，一切劳作都有成就。

But if Saturn be Lord of the year and weak, there shall be much cold during that Revolution, great and grievous infirmities, and men shall sustain much sorrow, losses and crosses, and great damage by storms, winde and rain (but this must warily be considered, if other significators of weather concur, and then mayst thou be the more assured thereof) antient and old men and women shall die; and these things shall chiefly happen to those Places, Cities and Regions under Saturn his Dominion, and the Dominion of the sign which he doth then possess.

但如果土星为年主而弱，那次回归期间会多寒冷，有严重痛苦的疾病，人们会遭受许多忧伤、损失与挫折，因风暴、风和雨而受大害（不过这一点要谨慎考量，看其他天气的征象星是否一致，那时你才可以更有把握）；年老的男女会死亡；这些事主要发生在归土星管辖的地方、城市和地区，以及他当时所在星座所管辖之处。

Of Humours, he is author of Melancholy. And such men if they take to love any one, let them be man or woman (which happeneth but very seldom) they love most constantly and intirely; and if they hate (as most commonly they do) they hate to the death, and with a perpetual hatred, hardly to be removed.

在体液上，他是黑胆质（忧郁）的来源。这样的人如果爱上某人，无论是男是女（这种情形很少发生），会爱得极其坚定、全心全意；如果恨（他们最常这样），就恨到死，永远恨下去，很难消除。

If he be fortunate, of professions and Mastery, he denotes such as are profound and occult, antiquities, things and callings belonging to labour, care and rarities, and such as belong or have any relation unto water, or neer water; Saylers, Tankerd-bearers, Plummers, Ship-Carpenters, and the like; and such as belong to the earth, as Curriers, Broom-men, Bearers of dead corps, Hostlers, Brick-makers, Plow-men, Scavengers, Colliers, Ditchers, Carters, Chandlers, Gardners, Herds-men, Dyers of black cloth, Shepherds, Coach-men and Cow-herds, Brick-layers, &c.

如果他吉，在职业与技艺上，他表示深奥隐秘之学、古物、属于劳苦、操心与珍稀之物的事务与行业，以及与水有关或在水边的行业：水手、挑水人、铅管工、造船木匠之类；以及与土地有关的，如皮革匠、扫帚匠、抬尸人、马夫、制砖工、犁地人、清道夫、煤矿工、挖沟工、车夫、蜡烛商、园丁、牧人、染黑布的、牧羊人、马车夫与放牛人、砌砖匠，等等。

When unfortunate, he denotes generally labourers, emptyers of Jakes, Diggers of Cole-pits, and the like sordid and base occupations.

他不吉时，一般表示劳工、掏粪坑的、挖煤坑的，以及诸如此类肮脏卑贱的行当。

He is cold, dry, Melancholick, author of solitariness.

他冷、干、属黑胆质，是孤独的来源。

Corporature or shape of the body, he gives a middle stature, pale, swarthy, or muddy, small black eyes, looking downward, a broad forehead, black or very dark hair, and it rugged or harsh, great ears, lowring eye-brows, thick lips, and Nose, thin beard, a lumpish heavy countenance, large shoulders, stooping, and many times crooked, a short lank belly, thin thighs, indecent feet, shuffling against one another.

体貌或身形：他给人中等身材，苍白、黝黑或晦暗，眼小而黑，目光朝下，额宽，头发黑色或很暗，而且粗硬，耳大，眉毛低垂，唇和鼻厚，胡须稀，面容笨重呆滞，肩宽，弯腰，常常驼背，肚腹短而瘪，大腿瘦，脚不雅，走路两脚相蹭。

Oriental, the stature is more short, but decent and well composed. As touching this and other terms of Art, have recourse to the 43. chapter.

东出时，身材较矮，但端正匀称。关于这个和其他术语，请查看第四十三章。

Occidental, more black, and lean, less hair.

西入时，更黑更瘦，毛发更少。

If he want latitude, he is more fat; if it be Merdional, but quick in motion, fat and fleshly, and so of the rest of the Planets.

如果他没有纬度，身体较胖；如果是南纬，则动作敏捷，肥胖多肉；其他行星也照此类推。

If the latitude be North, hairy and much flesh; his greatest North latitude is two degrees, 48 minutes.

如果纬度是北纬，毛发多，肉也多；他最大的北纬是二度四十八分。

His South latitude is two degrees, 49 minutes, and more he hath not.

他的南纬是二度四十九分，不会更多。

In his first station, a little fat.

在第一次留时，略胖。

In his second station, fat il-favoured bodies and weak; observe this in all the other Coelestial bodies.

在第二次留时，身体胖而难看、虚弱；在其他天体上都要这样观察。

Quality of men in general, he signifyeth fathers, grand-fathers, old men, day-labourers, Beggers, Clowns, Husbandmen, Monks, Jesuits, &c.

人品总体而言，他表示父亲、祖父、老人、短工、乞丐、粗人、农夫、修士、耶稣会士，等等。

Savours, bitter, sowre, sharp.

味道：苦、酸、涩。

In man he ruleth the spleen.

在人身上他主管脾。

Herbs, Hemlock, Starwort, Bears-foot, Wolf-bane, Fern, white and black Helebor, Henbane, Burdock, Dragon, Parsnip, Poppy, Pulse, Mandrake, Vervine, Nightshade, Moss, Angelica, Box, Tutsan, Orage, Sage, Bithwind, Spinach, Cummin, Fumitory, Shepherds-purse, Horse-tail, Tamarisk, Capers, Polipody, Sene, Hemp, Savin, Rue, Willow-tree, Pine-tree, Yew-tree, Cyprus-tree.

草药：毒芹、紫菀、熊足草、狼毒乌头、蕨、白藜芦与黑藜芦、天仙子、牛蒡、龙木芋、欧防风、罂粟、豆类、曼德拉草、马鞭草、龙葵、苔藓、当归、黄杨、金丝桃、滨藜、鼠尾草、旋花、菠菜、孜然、烟堇、荠菜、木贼、柽柳、刺山柑、水龙骨、番泻、大麻、叉子圆柏、芸香、柳树、松树、紫杉、柏树。

Crow, Owl, Crane, Thrush, Ostritch, Lapwing, Peacock, Bat, Black-bird, Cucko.

乌鸦、猫头鹰、鹤、画眉、鸵鸟、凤头麦鸡、孔雀、蝙蝠、乌鸫、杜鹃。

Stones subject to him are the Saphir, Lapis Lazuli, or that stone of which Azure is made, unpolished black and blewish stones.

归他管的宝石是蓝宝石、青金石（即制作天青颜料的那种石头），以及未经打磨的黑色和青色的石头。

Minerals, he governeth Lead, the Load-stone the dross of all Mettals.

矿物：他主管铅、磁石、一切金属的渣滓。

Fishes, the Tortois, Eel, and shel-fish.

鱼类：龟、鳗鱼和贝类。

Beasts, the Ass, Cat, Hare, Mouse, Mole, Dog, Wolf, Bear, Elephant, Basilisk, Crocodile, Scorpion, Serpent, Adder, Toad, Hog, all manner of creeping creatures breeding of putrefaction.

兽类：驴、猫、野兔、鼠、鼹鼠、狗、狼、熊、象、蛇怪、鳄鱼、蝎子、蛇、蝰蛇、蟾蜍、猪，以及一切由腐败之物生出的爬行之物。

Places, he delighteth in deserts, woods, obscure vallies, dens, caves, holes, sepulchers; Church-yards, ruinous buildings, cole-pits, sinks, muddy dirty stinking places, wells, and houses of offices.

处所：他喜欢荒野、树林、幽暗的山谷、兽穴、洞穴、坑洞、坟墓；教堂墓地、倾颓的建筑、煤坑、污水沟、泥泞肮脏发臭之地、水井和厕所。

Weather, cloudy, dark, obscure ayr, cold and hurtfull, thick, black and condense clouds, this is but generally; his particular and immediate alteration of weather is to be known from his several positions and aspects with other Planets, Fortitudes and Debilities, &c. of the which more hereafter, according as I have leisure.

天气：多云、昏暗、阴沉的空气，寒冷而有害，浓厚、乌黑而密集的云，这只是大概而论；他对天气具体而直接的改变，要从他的种种位置、与其他行星的相位、强弱等等来认识，这些等我有空时再讲。

He delighteth in the East quarter of Heaven, and causeth Eastern winds.

他喜欢天的东方，带来东风。

In gathering of his herbs, turn thy face towards the East, in his hour when he is in an Angle, and well fortified essentially, and no wise accidentally impedited, and let Luna apply by a Sextile or Trine to him.

采集他的草药时，要面朝东方，在他的时辰里，他在角宫，必然尊贵得力，偶然方面毫不受阻，并让月亮以六分或三分入相于他。

Observe this method in the rest of the Planets, mutatis mutandis.

其余行星都照这个方法，作相应变通。

Of the signs, he ruleth Capricorn by night, and Aquarius by day, and the aiëry triplicity by day.

在星座中，他夜间主管摩羯，白天主管水瓶，白天又主管风象三方。

Old Age.

年龄：老年。

His Angel is Cassiel.

他的天使是卡西尔。

His Friends are Jupiter, Sol, and Mercury.

他的朋友是木星、太阳和水星。

His Enemies are Mars, Venus, and Luna.

他的敌人是火星、金星和月亮。

He ruleth Saturday, beginning the first hour after Sun rising, and that night we commonly call Tuesday night.

他主管星期六，从日出后的第一个时辰开始，也主管我们通常称为星期二夜的那一夜。

Regions, he ruleth Bavaria, Saxony, Stiria, Romandiola, Ravenna, Constantia, Ingolstad.

地区：他主管巴伐利亚、萨克森、施蒂利亚、罗马涅、拉文纳、康斯坦茨、因戈尔施塔特。

His orbe is 9. degrees before and after any Aspect; which is to say, his influence begins to operate, when either he applies to any Aspect of any Planet, or they to him, and is within nine degrees of the perfect aspect, and continueth in force untill he is fully separate nine degrees from the aspect Partill. What a Partill aspect is, you shall have anon in the 28. chapter; but note this in all the rest of the Planets.

他的容许度是在任何相位前后各九度；就是说，当他入相于任何行星的任何相位，或它们入相于他，进入精确相位九度以内时，他的影响就开始起作用，并一直有效，直到他与那精确相位完全离开九度为止。什么是精确相位，稍后在第二十八章你会知道；不过其余行星都要照此留意。

In generation, he ruleth the first and eighth moneths after conception.

在胎儿生成上，他主管受孕后的第一个月和第八个月。

His greatest yeers he signifies are 465.

他所表示的最大年数是四百六十五年。

His greater 57.

大年五十七年。

His mean 43. and a half.

中年四十三年半。

His least 30.

小年三十年。

The meaning hereof, is no more but this; If a Kingdom, City, Town, Family, or the like, have its beginning when Saturn is essentially and accidentally well fortified, its probable the Monarchy, City, Building, &c. may continue firm, and in good condition, as at the first, 465. years; and so of the rest, &c.

这里的意思不过是：如果一个王国、城市、城镇、家族之类，在土星必然与偶然两方面都得力时开始，那么这个君主国、城市、建筑等等，很可能稳固而保持良好状态，如初时一样，达四百六十五年；其余照此类推，等等。

In long journeys, when he is Significator, he portends long and laborious travel, perilous dangers and imprisonments.

在长途旅行上，他为征象星时，预示长途劳顿的旅程、险恶的危难与监禁。

Diseases caused by Saturn, are, the Falling-sickness, Flegmatick humours, Defluctions, Melancholy, Leprousie, Fistulas, Morphew, Aches and Colds in the joynts, Deafness, Tooth-ache, pains in the bones, in the bladder, all cold diseases, the Gout, Scab, Palsie, Consumptions, Black-jaundies, Quartan Agues, the Iliack-passion, Dropsie, Chin-cough, Catarrs, &c.

土星引起的疾病有：癫痫、黏液性的体液、流注、忧郁、麻风、瘘管、皮肤斑、关节疼痛与受寒、耳聋、牙痛、骨痛、膀胱痛、一切寒性疾病、痛风、疥疮、瘫痪、消耗病、黑疸、四日热、肠绞痛、水肿、百日咳、黏膜流涕，等等。

He is Stationary before Retrogradation five days, and five days before direction.

他在逆行之前留五天，在转为顺行之前留五天。

He is Retrograde 140. days.

他逆行一百四十天。