第四部·次限推运与进程　第三十九至四十则

ASTRONOMY AND ELEMENTARY PHILOSOPHY, TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN OF PLACIDUS DE TITUS.

天文学与元素哲学，译自普拉西德斯·德·提图斯的拉丁文。

PART IV.

第四部。

Of SECONDARY DIRECTIONS, PROGRESSIONS, INGRESS, and TRANSIT.

论次限推运、进程、进入与行经。

HAVING already calculated and obtained the annual numbers of the primary direction of the significators to their promittors; and likewise taking the lords of the orbs, all which Ptolemy, in the last chapter of the 4th book, calls the General Arbiters of Times; for this reason, because they pre-ordain the general times of their effects, which, as its motion is slow, its perseverance long, it discovers its effects after a very long time; that is, after months and years.

我们已经算出并得到诸征象星向其允诺星的主限推运的年数；也取了诸轮之主，这一切托勒密在第四卷最后一章称为总时主；之所以如此称，是因为它们预先规定其效应的总的时间，由于其运动缓慢、持续长久，要在很长时间之后，即几个月、几年之后，才显出其效应。

In order that we may know, in this extent of time, on what particular month and day the effects appear, Ptolemy proposes these motions for observations, wherein, when the greater of the causes agree together, then, doubtless, the effect is accomplished, or most clearly manifests itself: whence we ought to conclude, that though, with our greatest care and exact calculation we have obtained the true time, not only to the year, but also month and day of the primary direction, we cannot argue from thence, that the effect has happened on that very day, and therefore it matters not, though the primary direction has been even exceeded, or not quite exactly accounted to a few minutes, as notwithstanding the particular times of their effects, may depend upon other motion of causes now proposed; for which reason, the times of these subsequent motions of the cause, demand our greatest attention; and we must not insist upon the first places which present themselves, but enquire further, till we find where proof may be had, viz. by the method we are now going to speak of.

为了在这段时间里知道效应在哪一个月、哪一天显现，托勒密提出这些运动供观察：其中，当较大的诸因彼此相合时，效应无疑就会实现，或最清楚地显现出来；由此我们应当得出结论，虽然我们以最大的细心与精确的计算，求得了主限推运的真实时间，不仅到年，而且到月和日，我们也不能由此论定效应就在那一天发生；因此，即使主限推运已被超过，或没有精确地算到几分之内，也无关紧要，因为它们效应的特定时间可能取决于现在提出的其他原因的运动；为此，这些后续的原因运动的时间，需要我们最大的注意；我们不可执着于最先出现的位置，而要进一步探究，直到找到可以得到证明之处，即借我们现在要讲的方法。

CANON XXXIX.

第三十九则。

Of SECONDARY DIRECTION.

论次限推运。

Under this name, I understand the motion of the celestial causes which are made on the days succeeding the nativity, according as they are marked in the Ephemeris; for the aspects to the luminaries and angles, which happen in those days, have their effects from every day to every year; so that the first day may be referred to the first year, as a measure to the mensurate; the second, &c. for which reason we must observe, when the luminaries are posited in any aspect of the stars for if, with the fortunes, or rather fortunate, they conduce to happiness and good health; if with the unfortunate, and from an hostile ray or parallel of declination, they portend misery and distress in those years which depend on those days these aspects happen on.

我以这个名称，指出生后各日所发生的天上诸因的运动，如星历表所载；因为那些日子里对两光与四角所成的相位，其效应从每一日对应到每一年；所以第一日可对应第一年，如同尺度之于所量之物；第二日，等等；为此我们必须注意，两光何时处于与诸星的某种相位中；因为若与吉星，或更确切地说与吉利者成相位，它们就有助于幸福与健康；若与凶星，且以敌对的光线或赤纬平行成相位，就预示依赖于这些相位所在之日的那些年份中的苦难与困厄。

But without doubt, these effects are remarkable, if at that time there are primary directions of the same kind and nature; and above the rest, from such motions originate the climactical, or more properly, critical years; for on the days the ☽ is posited in the ☌, □, or ☍, to and with the place of the nativity, she makes the years which depend on those days, obnoxious to dangers and infirmities.

但无疑，若那时有同类同性质的主限推运，这些效应就很显著；尤其是，关口之年，或更恰当地说危机之年，正起源于这种运动；因为在月亮与本命之位成会合、四分或对冲的那些日子，她使依赖于那些日子的年份易受危险与疾病。

But if at that time any unfortunate primary direction of the vital prorogator is strong, life may be said to be in danger, and particularly if in a secondary direction, the Moon is afflicted by the malignant planets. But if the Sun is so too, the danger is still greater. Lastly, if the primary direction is heavy, when the ingress and transit agree, death is inevitable. See the examples in the Exposition of the Nativities.

但若那时生命释放星有某个不吉的主限推运正强，就可以说生命有危险，尤其若在次限推运中月亮受凶星侵害。但若太阳也如此，危险就更大。最后，若主限推运沉重，而进入与行经又相合，死亡就无可避免。请看本命盘解说中的例子。

CANON XL.

第四十则。

Of Progressions.

论进程。

That progressions, or, if we should say, equal processes, taken as usual, according to the general opinion and custom hitherto received, are fictious, impossible, and contrary to nature, has been sufficiently proved elsewhere. The method which you are to take as natural, we now explain and prove, in every one of the future examples. Know then, that progressions are derived from embolismical lunations succeeding the nativity, every one of which are formed in the space of near 29 days, in which the Moon separates from her ☌, with the Sun forming the □ and ☍, and returns to a □ and ☌, in which circuit she passes over almost 13 signs, and the Sun one sign.

进程，或者若我们说是等量的进行，照至今所接受的一般意见与习惯来取的，是虚构的、不可能的、违反自然的，这一点已在别处充分证明。你应当当作自然方法来取的，我们现在就解释，并在每一个后面的例子中证明。要知道，进程出自出生后相继的置闰月，每一个都在将近二十九日的时间里形成，在这期间月亮离开与太阳的会合，形成四分与对冲，又回到四分与会合，在这一周里她走过将近十三个星座，太阳走过一个星座。

Progressions, if we may give our judgment, originates from these motions of the luminaries; for the first lunation succeeding the nativity, or the ☽'s circuit, bounds the progression of the first year of the native; the second, the progression of the second year; the third, of the third, &c. in such a manner, however, that the first part of the ☽ circuit may measure or bound the first part of the year; the middle, the middle; the last, the last, &c.

进程，若容我们判断，源于两光的这些运动；因为出生后的第一个置闰月，即月亮的第一周，界定本命者第一年的进程；第二个界定第二年的进程；第三个界定第三年的，等等；不过是这样：月亮周行的第一部分量度或界定一年的第一部分；中间量度中间；最后量度最后，等等。

To calculate the progressions, and know with ease where they will arrive at so many embolismical lunations of this kind succeeding the nativity, must be computed, as there are years which have elapsed of the age of the nativity, by always placing the Moon in that appearance and distance from the Sun she is at in the nativity.

要计算进程，并容易地知道它们到达何处，就必须算出出生后这类置闰月的个数，与本命者已过的年数相同，始终把月亮放在她本命时与太阳相距的那个月相与距离上。

Lastly, for every month to the Moon's place, there must be added 32.30, which are the twelfth part of one lunation; but if you desire to obtain a ready calculation of the progressions for several years, take notice that the ☽ does not finish the twelve lunations in one whole year, but eleven days less then have the Moon's distance from the Sun in the nativity, and look for this eleventh day before the end of the first year after the nativity; and when you have found it, then the progression of twelve years are completed; in like manner twenty-two days before the end of the second year after the nativity, the progression of twenty-four years are completed, &c.

最后，每一个月，要在月亮的位置上加三十二度三十分，这是一个朔望周的十二分之一；但若你想对多年的进程得到现成的计算，请注意，月亮在一整年里完成不了十二个朔望周，而是少十一日；所以要取本命时月亮离太阳的距离，在出生后第一年结束前第十一日寻找；找到了，十二年的进程就完成了；同样，在出生后第二年结束前二十二日，二十四年的进程就完成了，等等。

Thence proceed from every lunation to every year of the native's age, and from every one of the signs with 32.30 of the ☽'s motion to every month; and whenever the luminaries are well affected, as well in the progressions as towards the places of the favourable planets of the nativity, they induce to happiness; and on the contrary, &c. See examples in every one of the nativities.

由此从每一个朔望周推到本命者年龄的每一年，从每一个带月亮三十二度三十分运动的星座推到每一个月；每当两光在进程中、以及对本命吉星之位而言处境良好时，就导致幸福；反之，等等。请看每一个本命盘中的例子。