卷五（三）　随天秤至水瓶同升的星群：天箭至刻甫斯

What Constellations rise with Libra

［哪些星群随天秤升起］

With Libra's Eighth Degree the Arrow rise: / Their Beams are strong: They curious Arts bestow, / To dart the Javelin, and to draw the Bow; / Or sling the Bullet; from the lofty Clouds / Swift Birds shall drop, nor shall the deepest Floods / Secure their Fish: But both shall surely feel / The fatal force of the unerring Steel:

随天秤第八度，天箭升起：它们的光线很强：赐予精巧的技艺，投掷标枪、拉弓；或者用投石器掷出弹丸；迅疾的鸟将从高高的云中落下，最深的洪流也不能保住它们的鱼：两者都必将感受到那不偏的铁器的致命力量：

What powerful Stars but these drew here below / Brave Philoctete's and sure Teucer's Bow?

若不是这些强有力的星，是什么把勇敢的菲罗克忒忒斯的弓与百发百中的透克洛斯的弓带到下界？

One Hector's Flames repell'd, the angry Fire / Did fear his Shafts, and sullenly retire; / The other bore Troy's Fate, more dreadful far, / He sate Exil'd, than all the Greeks in War.

一个击退了赫克托耳的火焰，那愤怒的火怕他的箭，悻悻退去；另一个担负着特洛伊的命运，可怕得多，他被放逐而坐着时，比全体希腊人作战还可怕。

He own'd those Stars, who when the Serpent lay / Twin'd round his Child, and Suckt the Bleeding Prey; / Ventur'd to shoot: The pious Arrow fled / As sent by Fate, and pierc'd the Dragon's Head: / To be a Father then was Art, and Love / By Stars unaided, had but vainly strove;

他也拥有那些星：当大蛇缠住他的孩子，吮吸流血的猎物时，他冒险射箭：那虔敬的箭飞去，仿佛由命运射出，射穿了龙的头：那时做父亲就是一门技艺，若没有星辰帮助，爱也是徒然；

They drew the Bow, restor'd the flying Breath / To the lost Boy, and wak'd the Youth from Death.

他们拉弓，把飞走的气息还给失去的孩子，把少年从死亡中唤醒。

The Goat

［山羊］

But when the heedless Goat Exalts his Beard, / Alone, as stragling from the other Herd; / Then Tempers quick, and piercing Minds are wrought, / With Cares unweary'd, and of active Thought: / They scorn that Rest, which private Minds enjoy, / But fawn upon the Crowd, and Court Employ;

但当那不留意的山羊扬起他的胡须，独自一个，仿佛离开了别的羊群；那时就造成敏捷的性情、锐利的心智，带着不倦的操劳与活跃的思想：他们鄙视私人心智所享受的那种安闲，而是讨好人群，追求职位；

That's their delight, and they're enlarg'd by Fate / To serve the Many, and be Slaves of State.

那是他们的乐事，命运使他们扩展，去服务众人，做国家的奴仆。

Whilst they survive, smooth Knaves shall fear to Cheat. / In hopes of scapeing, or of growing Great; / They shall espouse their injur'd Country's Cause, / And be severe, yet not exceed the Laws; / Imprison Cheats, or else with rigorous Fines / Break their Estates, and curb their lewd Designs.

只要他们活着，圆滑的无赖就害怕行骗，不管是希望逃脱，还是希望发达；他们将支持受伤害的国家的事业，严厉而不越出法律；把骗子关进监狱，或用严厉的罚款摧毁他们的产业，遏制他们的淫邪图谋。

Happy this Temper, would they still pursue / These useful Pleasures, and affect the True; / But they'll from Business, and from Court retire, / (Loose are their Words, and looser their Desire;) / Lewd Love and Wine indulge, and wast their Age / In Mimick Dancing, or affect the Stage.

这种性情是幸福的，如果他们一直追求这些有用的乐趣，喜爱真实的东西；但他们会从事务与宫廷中退出（他们的言语放荡，他们的欲望更放荡），沉溺于淫乱的爱情与酒，在模仿的舞蹈中虚掷年华，或醉心舞台。

The Harp

［天琴］

Next shines the Harp, and through the Liquid Skies / The Shell as lightest, first begins to rise; / This when sweet Orpheus struck, to listning Rocks / He Senses gave, and Ears to wither'd Oaks; / Parch'd Pluto's Cheeks grew moist, and Death resign'd / Her Spoil, and unrelenting Fates grew kind.

接着天琴发光，在澄澈的天空中，琴壳因为最轻，最先开始升起；当甜美的俄耳甫斯弹奏它时，他给倾听的岩石以感觉，给枯萎的橡树以耳朵；干枯的普路托的面颊湿润了，死亡交出她的掠获物，不肯宽容的命运也变得仁慈。

These skill in Musick, and in Songs impart; / How Sound is vary'd into Notes by Art / Their Births shall know: Their Mouths shall Pipes inspire / With voice; Their Hands shall strike the speaking Lyre: / At merry Feasts they shall the Guests delight, / Smooth Wine with Songs, and stay the flying Night.

这些星赋予音乐与歌唱的技艺；它们所生的人将懂得声音怎样凭技艺变成音符：他们的口将以声音吹动笛子；他们的手将拨动会说话的里拉琴：在欢乐的宴会上，他们将使宾客愉悦，以歌声使酒更醇，留住飞逝的夜。

Nay e'en when Troubles, and when Cares oppress, / Their Mournful Lays, shall give their Sorrows Ease.

不仅如此，即使在烦恼与忧虑压迫他们时，他们哀伤的歌也将减轻他们的悲伤。

Low Murmurs shall employ their warbling Tongue, / And their own Ears shall always hear a Song:

低低的哼唱将占据他们婉转的舌头，他们自己的耳朵将总是听见一支歌：

What Constellations rise with Scorpio

［哪些星群随天蝎升起］

Below fierce Scorpio, when his Eighth Degree

在凶猛的天蝎之下，当他的第八度

The Altar

［天坛］

Appears, the Altar riseth from the Sea: / No Lightning arm'd Iove's Hand, no Thunder roard / Till here as Priest he stood, and first ador'd; / Then Powers unknown assisted, Clouds did swell / With Fire, and the Devoted Giants fell: / And who should then be born, but those that wait / On Sacred Temples, and converse with Fate?

出现时，天坛从海中升起：在朱庇特还没有在这里作为祭司站立、第一次礼拜之前，没有闪电武装朱庇特的手，没有雷霆轰鸣；然后未知的力量相助，云中充满了火，那些被诅咒的巨人倒下了：那么那时出生的，除了侍奉神圣的庙宇、与命运交谈的人，还会是谁呢？

That Hymn in Holy Quires, know what's to come, / Are almost Gods, and can dispose of Doom?

他们在神圣的歌队中唱颂歌，知道将来的事，几乎是神，能处置命运。

The Centaur

［半人马］

With Twelve Degrees the Centaur's Form appears, / And gives a Temper from the shape he bears; / For he that then is born, and feels his force, / Shall harness Mules, or he shall drive the Horse; / Or he shall proudly mount the ratling Car, / Or Arm the Steed, and lead him forth to War;

半人马的形象随十二度出现，并从他所具有的形状给予一种性情；因为那时出生、感受到他力量的人，将给骡子套上挽具，或驾驭马；或者骄傲地登上嘎嘎作响的战车，或者武装战马，领它出去作战；

Or he shall study what Disease infests, / And Ease apply to uncomplaining Beasts; / Or he shall keep them sound, his Art be shown / In sure Prevention, nor expect a Groan.

或者他将研究侵扰牲畜的疾病，为不会抱怨的牲畜带来安适；或者使它们保持健康，他的技艺显示在可靠的预防上，不等到听见呻吟。

What Constellations rise with Sagittarius

［哪些星群随射手升起］

Next Sagittarius mounts with threatning Bow,

接着射手带着威胁的弓升起，

Arcturus

［大角］

Whose Fifth Degree doth bright Arcturus show: / And he that then is born shall ne're be Poor, / To him rich Fortune shall entrust her Store; / King's Treasures he shall keep, and Reign alone, / Whilst those sit only higher in the Throne:

他的第五度显出明亮的大角：那时出生的人将永不贫穷，富饶的命运女神将把她的储藏托付给他；他将保管国王的财宝，独自统治，只有那些坐在王座上的人比他高：

Or if a Private House confine his Care, / Blest he shall live, and see the thriving Heir / In Wealth increast; Or he shall still defend / The People's Right, and be a Common Friend.

或者，如果一个私人的家庭限制了他的照管，他将幸福地生活，看见兴旺的继承人财富增加；或者他将始终捍卫人民的权利，做大家共同的朋友。

But when this Centaur hath advanc'd his Fire / Thrice Ten Degrees, and shews his Horse entire;

但当这个半人马把他的火推进三个十度，显出他完整的马身时；

The Swan

［天鹅］

The Swan displays his Wings; And then by Fate / The Birds for an Employment, and Estate / Are given to every Birth: Nor can the Skies / Make better claim to every Fowl that flies; / And hence to seize their own, they oft declare / Against the Sky it self an open War;

天鹅展开它的翅膀；那时，命运把鸟作为职业与产业，给予每一个出生的人：诸天也不能对每一只飞鸟提出更好的权利；因此，为了夺取他们自己的东西，他们常常对天空本身公开宣战；

They take them flying, or they set their Toyls / On Boughs or Fields, and catch the Feather'd Spoils.

他们在鸟飞时捕捉，或者在树枝上、田野里设下罗网，捉住长羽毛的战利品。

Sometimes besiege their Nests with treach'rous Reed, / Or draw the Net, and take them whilst they feed: / Thus Luxury toyls; bold Luxury ventures far / To Foreign Lands, and Travels more than War: / Numidia's Plains, and Cholcos Woods afford / Delicious Tribute to the Glutton's Board.

有时用骗人的芦竿围攻它们的巢，或者拉网，趁它们吃食时捉住：奢侈就这样劳作；大胆的奢侈远行到异邦，走得比战争还远：努米底亚的平原、科尔基斯的树林，把美味的贡品献给饕餮者的餐桌。

Or Nature's stubborn Laws their Art shall break, / Enlarge Converse, and teach the Birds to speak.

或者他们的技艺将打破自然顽固的法则，扩大交谈，教鸟说话。

The Swan still shrouds a God, 'tis more than Fowl, / The Feather'd part confines a noble Soul; / And when cold Death comes on, the God dilates / His Powers, and softly murmurs o're his Fates.

天鹅仍藏着一位神，它不只是鸟，那长羽毛的部分禁锢着一个高贵的灵魂；当寒冷的死亡来临，神扩展他的力量，对他的命运轻轻低吟。

Or they on Doves shall all their Cares employ, / To make them Thrive, or teach them to decoy, / Or carry Messages; the Birds convey / Their Masters Orders, nor mistake their way: / They know this Star, and their Influence own, / Who carry sportive Birds about the Town;

或者他们把一切心思用在鸽子上，使它们兴旺，或教它们作诱鸟，或传送消息；鸟儿传达主人的命令，也不迷路：他们认得这颗星，承认它的影响，那些带着游戏的鸟在城里走来走去的人；

Who with one Sparrow wretched Life maintain; / These are his Powers, and thus inclines the Swan.

靠一只麻雀维持可怜生计的人；这些就是它的力量，天鹅就这样使人倾向。

With Capricorn riseth Ophieuchus

［随摩羯升起的是蛇夫］

When Ophieuchus mounts, and joyns the Goat, / Those that are born shall live an Antidote / To strongest Poyson; they may safely take / The frightful Serpent, and the Venom'd Snake / Into their Bosom: Whilst the Monster's Cling / About their Bodies kils their fiercest Sting.

当蛇夫升起，与摩羯相会时，那时出生的人将活成最强毒药的解药；他们可以安全地把可怕的蛇与有毒的蛇放进怀里：当怪物缠绕在他们身上时，它最凶的螫刺也被消除了。

The South Fish

［南鱼］

When the South Fish doth leave the Floods, and rise / To Airy Seats, and swims in Liquid Skies; / Those that are born in every Shore shall lay / Their Lines and Hooks, and catch the hanging Prey; / No Fish in their own Shells shall safely live / By Nature fortify'd, whilst these can dive, / All shall be dar'd; and they immerst shall rove / Thro' Depths, despair'd, and lost to those above;

当南鱼离开洪流，升到空中的座位，在澄澈的天空中游动；那时出生的人将在每一处海岸放下他们的钓线与钓钩，钓起悬挂的猎物；没有鱼能在自己的壳里安全地生活，虽然有自然的防护，只要这些人能潜水，一切都将被冒犯；他们沉入水中，将漫游过深处，那上面的人已经绝望、以为他们失踪了；

Till with their dancing Prey they mount again; / So small is the reward of all this Pain!

直到他们带着跳动的猎物重新浮上来；这一切辛劳的报酬是多么少啊！

Or Fish for Pearls, for Avarice cheats the Mind / By valuing Things not for their Worth, but Kind.

或者采集珍珠，因为贪婪欺骗心智，不按事物的价值，而按它们的种类去估价。

Vile Shells, which Nature midst the Floods hath laid, / Asham'd of the mean work that she hath made; / When drawn up hither equal Provinces; / Nor can the Land now bear the Riches of the Seas: / Such are the Tempers, and Success that waits / On these Stars Influence, and compleats their Fates.

卑贱的贝壳，自然把它们放在洪流中，羞于她所做的这卑微的作品；被拉上来以后，却抵得上整个行省；陆地如今也承受不起海洋的财富：这些就是性情，以及伴随这些星的影响、完成它们命运的成就。

Or free from danger they incline to gain / By Merchandise, what others get by Pain.

或者免于危险，他们倾向于用买卖去获得别人靠辛劳获得的东西。

The Strings of the Harp

［天琴之弦］

Before I sung the Harp's Commanding Powers, / And taught the Influence of its fatal Hours; / Back to the same my Muse doth now retire, / Pleas'd with the sounding Vertues of the Lyre: / For when its gay Harmonious Strings appear, / Let Sin grow Pale, and Villains learn to fear:

前面我歌唱过天琴统辖的力量，教过它命定时辰的影响；我的缪斯现在又回到它那里，喜爱这里竖琴响亮的美德：因为当它欢快和谐的琴弦出现时，让罪恶变得苍白，让恶徒学会害怕：

For subtle Judges, whose Demands shall draw / Pale sculking Guilt within the reach of Law, / Shall then be born; or else the Births shall dare / To screw the Rack, and make the Wretch his Sin declare; / Steel'd against Pity, and averse to spare.

因为那时将生出精明的法官，他们的审问将把苍白、躲藏的罪拉到法律能及的范围之内；或者所生的人将敢于拧紧刑架，使可怜人供出他的罪；铁石心肠，不肯怜悯，厌恶宽恕。

All Pains inflict, be Cruel without Hate, / And make stern Justice wield the Sword of Fate: / Or if soft Methods can prevail, the Cause / They gravely shall determine by the Laws: / As Wisdom gave the Sentence, Strife shall cease, / Both sides be pleas'd, at least consent to Peace.

施加一切痛苦，残忍而不带仇恨，使严厉的正义挥舞命运之剑：或者，如果温和的方法能奏效，他们将庄重地依法审断案件：当智慧作出判决，争端将平息，双方都满意，至少同意和解。

The Dolphin

［海豚］

But when the Dolphin's Fires begin to rise / With Stars like Scales, and swim in Liquid Skies; / It shall be doubtful which shall most Command / The Inclination for the Sea or Land: / Both shall conspire, and in one Mass combind, / Now this way draw, now that way force the Mind:

但当海豚的火焰开始升起，带着鳞片般的星，在澄澈的天空中游动；那时就难以确定，对海与对陆地的倾向哪一个更能支配：两者将同谋，结合在一团之中，时而把心拉向这边，时而推向那边：

For as the Dolphin mounts, now dives again, / Now turns, now leaps, and figures all the Main: / So those that shall be born shall now divide / With wide stretcht Arms, and beat the swelling Tide; / Now thrust them downward, and with secret Oars / Their Bodies row, and visit Foreign Shores;

因为正如海豚时而跃起，时而又潜下，时而转身，时而跳跃，在整个大海上画出图形：那时出生的人也将时而伸开双臂，劈开波浪，拍打汹涌的潮水；时而把手臂向下划，用隐秘的桨划动身体，访问异邦的海岸；

Now tread the Water, with their Feet maintain / Themselves Erect, and wade the deepest Main, / As t'were a shallow; like the firmest Field, / The Floods shall bear them, and refuse to yield: / Now on their Backs or Sides securely keep / One constant place, and lie upon the Deep:

时而踩水，用脚使自己直立，涉过最深的大海，仿佛那是浅滩；洪流将像最坚实的田地一样托住他们，不肯退让：时而仰卧或侧卧，安然保持在一处，躺在深水之上：

No Oar to Boy them up; but Floods forget / Their natural yielding, and sustain the Weight: / Or they shall dive, through boundless Oceans go, / And visit Nereus, and the Nymphs below; / Or take up Shipwracks, Merchants Spoils restore, / And rob the greedy Ocean of its Oar, / To these joyn those, who from an Engine tost / Pierce through the Air, and in the Clouds are lost;

没有桨浮起他们；而是洪流忘记了它们天生的退让，承住了重量：或者他们将潜水，穿过无边的大洋，去拜访尼柔斯与下面的仙女；或者打捞沉船，归还商人的损失，夺回贪婪的大洋的财宝。再加上那些从机械上被抛出、穿过空中、消失在云里的人；

Or poize on Timber, where by turns they rise / And sink, and mount each other to the Skies: / Or leap through Fire, and fall on hardest Ground / As on soft Seas, unhurt, and safe from Wound: / Tho' void of Wings, their Bodies boldly rear, / And imitate their Dolphin in the Air.

或者在木头上保持平衡，轮流升起、落下，互相把对方送上天空：或者跳过火焰，落在最硬的地上，仿佛落在柔软的海上，不受伤，免于伤害：虽然没有翅膀，他们大胆地抬起身体，在空中模仿他们的海豚。

Or if they want the skill, yet Nature's part / Perform'd, they shall be nimble without Art: / Not run, but rather fly, be swiftly born / O're Fields of Wheat, nor bend the standing Corn.

或者，如果他们缺少技艺，自然的那一份却已完成，他们将不靠技艺就敏捷：不是跑，而是飞，迅速地掠过麦田，不压弯挺立的谷物。

What Constellations rise with Aquarius. Cepheus

［哪些星群随水瓶升起：刻甫斯］

When with Aquarius Cepheus mounts, require / No sportive Tempers from so grave a Fire: / But stiff, morose, severe, affected Fools, / With Looks as starcht, and heavy as their Souls: / Whose Guardian's roughness, or an Uncle's force / Praise, and in Cato's Sentences Discourse:

当刻甫斯随水瓶升起，不要向这样严肃的火焰要求嬉戏的性情：而是生硬、阴郁、严厉、做作的傻瓜，面孔像他们的灵魂一样僵硬、沉重：他们赞美监护人的粗暴或叔伯的强制，用加图的格言说话：

Design'd for Tutors, whom the noble Heir, / Altho' he keeps them, shall be forc'd to fear; / Shrink at their Nods, and of their Looks afraid, / Worship th' Imperious Idol he hath made.

注定做家庭教师，高贵的继承人虽然雇着他们，却不得不害怕他们；在他们点头时退缩，怕他们的脸色，崇拜他自己造出的专横的偶像。

Or Tragick Poets; Those whose Style must slay / In Paper, and be Barbarous in a Play: / Who must kill Heroes to delight the Crowd, / And seek to please with Horror, and with Blood: / Antigone must fall the Tyrant's Spoil, / And Brothers disagree upon their Pile:

或者做悲剧诗人；那些风格必须在纸上杀人、在戏里野蛮的人：他们必须杀死英雄来取悦人群，力求以恐怖与鲜血取悦：安提戈涅必须倒下，成为暴君的牺牲品，兄弟们在他们的火葬堆上也要不和：

Thyestes eat his Babes, the Sun retire, / And jealous Rage the mad Medea Fire; / Her Father, Brother, Sons must Murder'd lie, / Whilst Dragons bear her through the Guilty Sky: / Or she must Youth renew; such Themes as these / Shall raise their Thoughts, and make them strive to please.

提厄斯忒斯必须吃下他的孩子，太阳必须退走，嫉妒的狂怒必须点燃疯狂的美狄亚；她的父亲、兄弟、儿子必须被杀倒地，而龙载着她穿过有罪的天空：或者她必须使青春复返；这样的题材将激起他们的思想，使他们力求取悦。

But then if softer Themes their Fancies move / In Comedy, the heated Youth shall Love; / The Maid be stoln, the witty Slave defeat / The covetous Father, and enjoy the Cheat.

但如果更柔和的题材打动他们的想象，在喜剧里，热情的青年将恋爱；少女被拐走，机智的奴隶挫败贪婪的父亲，享受他的骗局。

Thus fam'd Menander in immortal Rhymes / Exposeth Humour and instructs the Times; / Nature to him her Parts might safely trust, / His Words expressive, and his Thoughts were just; / And when he copy'd her, she hardly knew / Her own Original; he wrought so true.

著名的米南德就这样以不朽的诗篇揭示人情、教导时代；自然可以放心把她的各部分托付给他，他的言辞富于表现，他的思想准确；当他摹写她时，她几乎认不出自己的原本；他做得这样真。

But if unequal to a Poet's Rage / They cannot Write, yet they shall serve the Stage.

但如果他们不能胜任诗人的激情，写不出来，他们仍将为舞台服务。

Their graceful action and their voice shall raise / The native value of another's Plays; / The School's Simplicity, the Court's Address, / The Souldier's Huff so decently express; / As if they acted not another's part; / And all was simple Nature, and not Art.

他们优雅的动作与他们的声音将提升别人剧本本有的价值；学堂的单纯、宫廷的风度、军人的傲气，都表现得这样得体；仿佛他们不是在扮演别人的角色，一切都是单纯的自然，不是技艺。

In one short view they shall present to sight / Whole Crowds, make Kings engage, and Armies fight: / Before the pleas'd Spectators Troy shall lye / In ruins, and the wretched Priam dye.

在一次短短的观看中，他们将把整群人呈现在眼前，使国王交战、军队厮杀：在愉快的观众面前，特洛伊将陷入废墟，可怜的普里阿摩斯将死去。