博纳提·第七至九则　误断之由与相助相害

The Seventh Consideration, Is to beware of those Cases wherein the Astrologer is subject to err and mistake; of which the Learned have named Four: 1. When the Querent is so silly that he knows not how to ask, nor what he would have. 2. When the time for which the Figure is erected, is mistaken. 3. When the Artist knows not whether the Sun be gone off the line of the Mid-heaven, or be still upon it; or be behind or before it. 4.

第七则，要提防星占家容易出错的那些情形；学者们举出了四种：一，问卜者愚钝到不知该怎样问，也不知自己想要什么。二，起盘所用的时间弄错了。三，星占家不知道太阳是已经离开中天线，还是仍在其上，或在其后、在其前。四，

When the Fortunes and Infortunes shall be of equal strength; at which time thou therefore oughtest not to receive any Question. But in my opinion there may well be added yet three wayes more, wherein the Astrologer will be subject to err: 1. When the Querent comes onely to try him, or put a trick upon him; as many do, saying, Let us go to such an Astrologer, and ask him such a thing, and see if he can tell us the truth or not.

吉星与凶星力量相等之时；所以这时你不应接受任何问题。但依我之见，还可以再加三种星占家会出错的情形：一，问卜者只是来试探他，或想捉弄他；许多人就是这样做的，说：“我们去找某某星占家，问他某件事，看他说不说得出真相。”

Just as the Jews propounded Questions to our Lord Jesus Christ, not so much to be resolved, as to tempt and ensnare him. 2. Wherein the Artist will be liable to err in, is when the Querent does not ask out of a serious or settled intention; as some do when they meet an Astrologer by chance, or go to him on other business; on a sudden they think of something, and so ask as it were by the by; wherein 'tis a thousand to one but mistakes happen.

正如犹太人向我们的主耶稣基督提问，与其说是为了求解，不如说是为了试探、陷害他。二，星占家容易出错的情形，是问卜者不是出于认真或坚定的意图来问；比如有些人偶然遇见星占家，或为别的事去找他，忽然想起某件事，就像顺带一提那样问了；这种情形几乎必定会出错。

But thou may'st be ready to say, How shall I know whether the Querent come out of a solid intention, or onely to try me? To which I answer, That it seems a very abstruse and difficult point, perfectly to find out; but this I have often experienced and found true, viz. I observed the hour of the Question, and if the Ascendent then happened very near the end of one Sign and beginning of another, so that it seemed as between both;

但你或许会说：我怎样才能知道问卜者是出于坚定的意图来问，还是只想试探我？我回答：要完全查明，这似乎是很深奥、很困难的事；不过下面这一点我常常试验，发现是真的：我观察提问的时刻，如果那时上升点恰好非常接近一个星座的末尾、另一个星座的开头，看起来像在两者之间；

I said they did not ask seriously, or that they came to try me; and I have had many that have thereupon confest what I said to be true, and began to think that I knew more than before they believed.

我就说他们问得不认真，或是来试探我的；有许多人因此承认我说得对，并开始认为我懂得的比他们先前相信的要多。

For in such Cases I use to say, Pray Friend do not trouble me, unless you ask seriously; for I suspect that you would put a trick upon me, by not proposing this Question as you ought; however if you will give me trouble for your pleasure, be pleased to give me likewise satisfaction for my pains; and immediately, if there were any deceit intended, away they went.

因为在这种情形下，我常说：“朋友，请别来烦我，除非你认真地问；因为我怀疑你没有照应有的方式提出这个问题，是想捉弄我；不过，如果你要为了自己的消遣来劳烦我，也请为我的辛苦付给我报酬。”于是，凡是存心欺骗的，立刻就走了。

Another, viz. a third way whereby an Astrologer may erre, Is when the Lord of the Ascendant and Lord of the Hour are not the same, nor of the same Triplicity; or be not of the same Complection with the Ascendant; for then the Question is not Radical, as I have frequently found by experience.

另一种，即星占家可能出错的第三种情形，是上升主星与时辰主星不是同一颗星，也不属同一个三方；或与上升点的气质不同；因为这时问题并不成立，这是我常常由经验发现的。

And this I have recited, that thou may'st know for what persons thou should'st undertake to give Judgment; for as one says, The issue of the thing is according to the solicitude of the Querent, and as he comes in necessity, as sad, thoughtful, and hoping that thou art able and knowest how to satisfie him the truth of the matter; and in such case thou may'st securely venture upon the Question.

我列举这些，是为了让你知道应当为哪些人着手判断；因为正如有人说的：事情的结局取决于问卜者的关切；当他出于需要而来，忧愁、焦虑，并且希望你能够、也懂得怎样让他明白事情的真相时，在这种情形下，你就可以放心地着手这个问题。

The Eighth Consideration is, To mind how many of the aforesaid manners or points necessary to be used and heeded in giving Judgments, thou hast to consider; and they are thirty: that is to say, sixteen impediments of the Moon, ten of the other Planets, as hath been said; and besides all those the Planets several Joys, which are four, of which the first is the House which each Planet does delight in, as Mercury in the Ascendant, the Moon in the third, Venus in the fifth, Mars in the sixth, the Sun in the ninth, Jupiter in the eleventh, Saturn in the twelfth.

第八则，要留意前面所说判断时必须运用、必须注意的方式或要点，你要考虑的共有多少；它们有三十项：即月亮的十六种受损，其他行星的十种，如前所说；此外还有诸行星的种种喜乐，共四种。第一种是每颗行星所喜的宫：如水星在上升宫，月亮在第三宫，金星在第五宫，火星在第六宫，太阳在第九宫，木星在第十一宫，土星在第十二宫。

The second is, When a Planet is in a Sign he delights in, as Saturn in Aquarius, Jupiter in Sagittary, Mars in Scorpio, Sol in Leo, Venus in Taurus, Mercury in Virgo, and the Moon in Cancer. The third is, When Diurnal Planets, as Saturn, Jupiter, Sol, and Mercury, are in Diurnal Houses in the East and Oriental of the Sun near the Horoscope; and Nocturnal Planets, as Mars, Venus, Luna, and Mercury, are in Nocturnal Houses in the West, and Occidental of the Sun; especially near the Cusp of the Seventh.

第二种是行星在它所喜的星座，如土星在水瓶，木星在射手，火星在天蝎，太阳在狮子，金星在金牛，水星在处女，月亮在巨蟹。第三种是昼性行星——如土星、木星、太阳、水星——在昼性的庙，位于东方，对太阳东出，靠近上升点；夜性行星——如火星、金星、月亮、水星——在夜性的庙，位于西方，对太阳西入；尤其是靠近第七宫的宫头时。

The fourth is, When the three Superiors, Saturn, Jupiter, or Mars, are in Masculine Quarters; which are counted from the Cusp of the tenth House to the Cusp of the Ascendant, and from the Cusp of the fourth House to the Cusp of the seventh House; and when the Feminines, viz. Venus or the Moon, are in Feminine Quarters, which are from the Cusp of the Ascendant to the Cusp of the fourth House, and from the Cusp of the seventh to the Cusp of the tenth. As for Mercury he delights when with Masculine Planets in Masculine Quarters, but with Feminine Planets in Feminine.

第四种是三颗上位行星土星、木星或火星在阳性象限；阳性象限从第十宫的宫头算到上升点的宫头，以及从第四宫的宫头算到第七宫的宫头；而阴性行星，即金星或月亮，在阴性象限，即从上升点的宫头到第四宫的宫头，以及从第七宫的宫头到第十宫的宫头。至于水星，与阳性行星同在时，喜在阳性象限；与阴性行星同在时，喜在阴性象限。

The Ninth Consideration is, To take notice of the several wayes as well secret as manifest, good and evil, whereby things are helpt or hindred to be done or not done; and of these there are one and twenty in Number: 1. A most strong secret Helper. 2. A very strong secret Helper. 3. A strong Helper. 4. A weak secret Helper. 5. A weaker secret Helper. 6. A most secret Helper. 7. A most strong manifest Helper 8. A very strong manifest Helper. 9. A strong manifest Helper. 10. A weak manifest Helper. 12.

第九则，要注意事情得助或受阻、办成或办不成的种种方式，有暗的也有明的，有好的也有坏的；这些方式共有二十一种：一，最强的暗助。二，很强的暗助。三，强助。四，弱的暗助。五，更弱的暗助。六，最暗的助。七，最强的明助。八，很强的明助。九，强的明助。十，弱的明助。十二，

A most weak manifest Helper. 13. A most strong secret Hinderer. 14. A very strong secret Hinderer. 15. A strong secret Hinderer. 16. A weak secret Hinderer. 17. A weaker secret Hinderer. 18. A most weak secret Hinderer. 19. A most strong manifest Hinderer. 20. A very strong manifest Hinderer. And 21. A strong manifest Hinderer. All which we shall treat particularly, the same being a secret of secrets.

最弱的明助。十三，最强的暗阻。十四，很强的暗阻。十五，强的暗阻。十六，弱的暗阻。十七，更弱的暗阻。十八，最弱的暗阻。十九，最强的明阻。二十，很强的明阻。以及二十一，强的明阻。这一切我们都要逐一论述，因为这是秘中之秘。

In the Judicial part of Astrology, which the Ancients did not regard, nor have said any thing plainly of it that I find, save onely that Haly seems to have toucht a little upon it in his Exposition of the 23th. of Ptolomy's Centiloquium; nor do I believe they omitted those things out of Ignorance, but rather thorow disuse or fear of being too tedious, or burthening the minds of their Readers or Auditors:

在星占的判断之学中，古人并不看重这一点，就我所见，也没有说过什么明白的话，只有哈利在解说托勒密《金言百则》第二十三条时，似乎略微触及；我也不相信他们略去这些是出于无知，而是由于不常使用，或怕太冗长，加重读者或听者心中的负担：

For they were wont to judge according as they found the Planets disposed in Houses and Signs, their Fortitudes and Debilities, together with the part of Fortune, and some few other things: But thou oughtest to consider in thy Judgments, not onely what they did, but also all other circumstances that thou canst:

因为他们惯常是按照行星在宫位与星座中的配置、它们的强旺与衰弱，加上福点和其他少数几样来判断的；但你在判断中应当考虑的，不只是他们所做的，还有你所能顾及的其他一切情况：

For when thou do'st erect a Figure, thou should'st first find the Significator of the thing inquired after, or to be undertaken; and see if any of the Fixed Stars of his own nature be in either of his Houses, or in his Exaltation, or in Conjunction with him to a minute: for then such Star shall so far help the Significator, that the thing shall be accomplish'd and effected, even beyond the Querents hopes; and this is a most strong secret Helper: For the Quaerent may well wonder how it comes to pass.

因为当你起盘时，应当先找出所问之事或所要着手之事的征象星，看是否有与他本性相同的恒星，在他的任一个庙里、或在他的旺里、或与他会合精确到一分之内：因为那时这颗恒星会大大帮助征象星，使事情得以完成、办成，甚至超出问卜者的希望；这就是最强的暗助：因为问卜者很可能会惊讶事情是怎么成的。

Now if the same Star should be in the same degree with the Significator from one minute to 15 before him or 5 behind him; it will still help him, but not so much; and this we call a very strong secret Helper: but if it be with him in the same degree, but above 16 minutes distance and within 50, it will somewhat help, yet this less; and this we call in the Positive degree onely a strong secret Helper.

如果这颗恒星与征象星同在一度，在他之前一分到十五分、或在他之后五分以内，仍会帮助他，但没那么多；我们称之为很强的暗助：如果它与他同在一度，但相距在十六分以上、五十分以内，它还会有些帮助，但更少；我们按原级只称之为强的暗助。

If it be in the same degree with the Significator, in a place where he has two of his smaller Dignities, in the very same minute, or within 16 minutes, it will help him, yet less, and then 'tis a weak secret Helper; from 16 to 50 min. still less; and then 'tis a weaker secret Helper: but if it be with the Significator in a place where he has no dignities at all, it will still help, but as it were insensibly; and this we call a most weak secret Helper.

如果它与征象星同在一度，而征象星在那里有两项较小的尊贵，恰在同一分或十六分以内，它也会帮助他，但更少，这就是弱的暗助；在十六分到五十分之间，还要更少，这就是更弱的暗助；但如果它与征象星同在一个征象星毫无尊贵的地方，它仍会帮助，但几乎觉察不到；这我们称为最弱的暗助。

The like we may say on the contrary of those things that prejudice, frustrate, and hinder business: For if a Planet, which is a Significator of any thing, being in a place where he has not any Dignities, shall be joyned with one of the Fixed Stars of a contrary nature, it will weaken him, and not suffer the thing to come to pass; although otherwise by the Figure it seemed never so probable: so that for want of heeding this, the Artist often gets discredit, and raises a scandal on the Art it self amongst the ignorant; and this is a most strong secret Hinderer:

对于那些损害、挫败、阻碍事务的，反过来也可以这样说：因为如果作为某事征象星的行星，处在一个毫无尊贵的地方，又与一颗本性相反的恒星会合，它就会削弱他，使事情不能成功，尽管按盘上其他情形看来，事情似乎极有可能；所以星占家若不注意这一点，常常失去信誉，并在无知者当中给此术本身招来恶名；这就是最强的暗阻：

Whereas if the same Star be remote above 16 minutes from the Significator, it will weaken him, but not altogether so much; whence it may be called onely a very strong secret Hinderer. And so downwards thorow all degrees in the same manner as we said of the Helpers or Assistant Causes respectively.

而如果这颗恒星离征象星超过十六分，它会削弱他，但不完全那么厉害；因此只能称为很强的暗阻。以下各等，都照我们讲相助者或辅助原因时那样，依次类推。

Of the several 21 Modes aforesaid, which are most strong Helpers, &c. and which strongest obstructs.

论前述二十一种方式：哪些是最强的相助等等，哪些阻碍最强。

The several Modes before-mentioned are thus to be known and distinguished, A most strong manifest Helper or Adjuvant Cause, is when the Planet which is Significator of a thing, is in his own House: in an Angle on the very minute of the Cusp, direct, swift of course, in reception, and free from all affliction and impediment; which most seldom happens.

前面提到的各种方式，要这样认识和区分：最强的明助或辅助原因，是作为某事征象星的行星在自己的庙里：在一个角宫，正压在宫头那一分上，顺行，行速快，有接纳，没有任何受损与阻碍；这极少发生。

A very strong manifest Helper, is when the Significator is in his House or Exaltation in an Angle, within a degree or two of the Cusp, free from impediment, and in Reception; which very seldom happens.

很强的明助，是征象星在庙或旺，在角宫，距宫头一两度之内，没有阻碍，并有接纳；这很少发生。

A strong manifest Helper is when the Significator is in an Angle in his House or Exaltation, within 3 degrees before the Cusp, or 5 after it.

强的明助，是征象星在角宫，在庙或旺，在宫头之前三度、或之后五度之内。

A weak manifest Helper is where a Planet is in two of his lesser Dignities in an Angle within 5 degrees before or 15 after it; or is in his House or Exaltation in a succedent House free from Affliction.

弱的明助，是行星在角宫中有两项较小的尊贵，在宫头之前五度、或之后十五度之内；或在续宫中的庙或旺，没有受损。

A weaker open Helper is when the Significator is in his own House or Exaltation, or two of his lesser Dignities, but in a Cadent House of the Figure, yet beholding the Ascendant.

更弱的明助，是征象星在自己的庙或旺，或有两项较小的尊贵，但在盘中的果宫，不过与上升点相照。

A most weak open Helper is when the Significator is in some of his greater Dignities or two of his lesser, not beholding the Ascendant; or in one of his lesser Dignities, onely beholding the same, or joyn'd to a Planet that beholds the same, and has some Dignities therein.

最弱的明助，是征象星有某项较大的尊贵或两项较小的尊贵，但不与上升点相照；或只有一项较小的尊贵，而与上升点相照；或与一颗与上升点相照、并在那里有某些尊贵的行星相会。

A most strong open Hinderer is when the Significator is in a place where he hath no dignity, no delight is not received; besieged by the two Infortunes, cadent from an Angle, and from the Ascendant; and so much the worse, if joyned with any of the Fixed Stars, of a mischievous nature, &c.

最强的明阻，是征象星在一个毫无尊贵、没有喜乐、不被接纳的地方；被两颗凶星围困，从角宫、也从上升点落下；如果再与某颗性情凶恶的恒星会合，那就更坏，等等。

There may be other both adjuvant and obstructing causes, besides what we have mentioned, both open and secret, proceeding from the Conjunctions of Planets and their Aspects, too tedious here to discourse of. Nor shall I here enlarge on all those before-mentioned, but must assure thee that this Ninth Consideration carefully observed; will be of great use in raising a true and wary Judgment; especially if thou hast alwayes a diligent Eye to the Moon: for she of all the Planets has the greatest similitude and correspondence with inferiour things, both in general and particular; as well the species of the kinds as the individuals of the Species, with winds, to pass by her daily effects which she causes in all things here, and frequent revolutions about the Elements and Elementary Bodies, by reason of the nearness of her Orb to the Earth, and smaller Circle than any other Planet; so that she seems a Mediatrix between Superior and Inferior Bodies.

此外还可能有其他相助与阻碍的原因，有明有暗，出自行星的会合与相位，在这里细说太过冗长。我在这里也不对前面所说的一一展开，但必须向你保证：这第九则若能仔细遵守，对作出真实而谨慎的判断大有用处；尤其是你若始终留心月亮：因为在一切行星中，她与下界之物，无论总体还是个别——既包括各类的种，也包括种中的个体，乃至风——都有最大的相似与对应；她每天在这里的一切事物中造成的作用，以及她绕着元素与元素之体的频繁运转，就不必说了；这是因为她的天球离地最近，轨道比任何行星都小；所以她似乎是上位天体与下位物体之间的中介。

And as we see that in the New Moon she appears small, thin, and little, but afterwards her light gradually increases, till all that part of her body towards us becomes replenisht with lustre; and then again it decayes by insensible degrees, till she totally disappears: just so do all bodies both of things Rational, Irrational, and Vegetative; as Men grow until they are compleated to their determinate stature, and then droop and decline continually, till their life is ended; and so of all other things:

正如我们看到，新月时她显得细小、单薄、微弱，以后她的光渐渐增长，直到她朝向我们的整个身体充满光辉；然后又一点一点不知不觉地亏减，直到完全消失：一切物体，无论有理性的、无理性的还是有生长的，莫不如此；正如人生长到他注定的身量，然后就不断衰颓，直到生命终结；其他一切事物也是如此：

Hence 'tis necessary to make the Moon concerned in the Signification of every Question, Nativity, Enterprize, and Business, and her good condition to shew the good issue of the thing; and so on the contrary. For her Vertue and Power is such and so great, That if the Lord of the Ascendant or other Significator of a business be so weak and afflicted, that he cannot bring it about and compleat it as he ought; if she be but strong, it shall notwithstanding be accomplished:

因此必须让月亮参与每一个问题、本命、事业与事务的征象，她状态好，显示事情有好结局；反之亦然。因为她的力量与权能如此之大：即使上升主星或某事的其他征象星虚弱受损，无法如其所应地促成并完成这件事，只要她强旺，事情照样能办成：

For she is the School-mistriss of all things, the Bringer down of all the Planets Influences, and a kind of an Inter-nuncio between them; carrying their Vertues from one to the other, by receiving the disposition of one Planet and bearing it to another. And some have thought that she does this at all times, of which opinion was that Tyrant Cylinus de Romano, viz. That when she separates from one planet, she takes the vertue and carries it to another, committing the same to the first that she can meet with.

因为她是万物的女教师，是诸行星影响的传送者，是它们之间的一种使者；她把它们的力量从一颗带到另一颗，接受一颗行星的支配之力，把它交给另一颗。有些人认为她时时刻刻都在这样做，暴君齐利努斯·德·罗马诺就持这种意见，即：她离开一颗行星时，便带走它的力量，送到另一颗，交给她最先遇到的那一颗。

And some have imagined that Zael said the same, but his meaning was not absolutely so; for he believed, That the Moon did bear what was committed to her; but if it were not so given or committed to her, she could not carry any thing to any; to which I assent: for when the Moon is joyned to any planet that receives her, then that planet commits its disposition to her, who carries it with her, and bestows it on that planet whom she first meets with in any of her dignities, and not to another; according to that Aphorisme, A planet gives nothing in a place where he has promised nothing.

有些人以为扎埃尔也说过同样的话，但他的意思并非完全如此；因为他相信，月亮会传递交付给她的东西；但如果没有交付给她，她就无法把任何东西带给任何行星；我赞同这个看法：因为当月亮与某颗接纳她的行星相会时，那颗行星就把自己的支配之力交付给她，她带着它，把它赠给她在自己任何一项尊贵之中最先遇到的那颗行星，而不给别的；正如那句格言所说：行星在它没有许诺任何东西的地方，什么也不给。