卷三·第七节第九至十一章　泻药、沐浴与外科

CHAP. IX. Of administring Purges and Physick laxative.

第九章　论施用泻药与通便之药。

EVer in administring Purges observe three things, viz.

施用泻药时，始终要留意三件事，即：

1. The Time.

一、时节。

2. The Age.

二、年龄。

3. And manner thereof.

三、施用的方法。

As concerning the Time, thou art to take heed the weather be not extream hot or cold; for so saith Hippocrates, part. 4. Aphorism 5. Avoyd the dog-days and frosty weather; therefore rainy and open weather is good; and in his 46 Aphorism of his 6 part, he proveth that the Spring and Autumn are more convenient for this purpose then Summer or Winter; yet he commendeth Winter more then Summer; for in Summer the humours boyl through extremity of heat, and so fainteth the spirits and annoyeth Nature much: He teacheth also, that in Summer we are to purge by the upper parts or by vomit; in Winter by the lower, or by purge, if necessity require that Physick must be given at these times.

关于时节，你要留心天气不是极热或极冷；因为希波克拉底在第四部分第五条格言里这样说：避开三伏天与严寒的天气；所以下雨而和缓的天气好；他在第六部分第四十六条格言里证明，春秋两季比夏冬更适于此事；但他推崇冬天胜过夏天；因为在夏天，体液因酷热而沸腾，因而使元气衰弱，大大烦扰本性：他还教导说，若有必要非在这些时候用药不可，夏天要从上部即用呕药来泻；冬天从下部即用泻药来泻。

Secondly, As touching the Age, Physick by a prudent and wise Physician ought not to be administred to Infants nor decrepid old age, nor much to youth; for to the Child it is needless since it cannot duly work its effect, where there is neither strength nor matter to work on; and in age it worketh in a manner the same; but without doubt it must needs debilitate Nature in both; in youth a little at the Spring and Fall may be advantageous; but to take it often, it hindreth the natural heat and concoction, and so consequently the radical heat and moysture being hereby abated, the days of the party must needs be shortned.

其次，关于年龄，一个审慎明智的医生不应当给婴儿或衰朽的老人用药，也不宜多给青年人用药；因为对孩子是不必要的，因为既没有力气也没有物质让它起作用，它就不能适当地发挥效果；在老年人身上它的作用也差不多一样；但毫无疑问，它在两者身上都必然削弱本性；在青年人，春秋用一点可能有益；但若常常服用，就妨碍自然之热与消化，于是随之根本之热与根本之湿因此减少，这人的寿数必然缩短。

Lastly, Of the manner of administring Purges and other Medicines, some thou hast had already; but of administring of Purges thou shalt have beneath; wherefore here I shall onely give you this note or caution, and so proceed.

最后，关于施用泻药与其他药物的方法，有些你已经得到了；但施用泻药的方法你在下面会得到；所以我在这里只给你这一条提示或告诫，然后往下讲。

That administer what you will when the Moon is in the first fifteen degrees of Libra or Aquaries in the Conjunction, Square or the Opposition of Saturn, Iupiter or Mars, or they in these configurations of one another, it hindreth the operation of the Physick.

就是说，不论你施用什么，当月亮在天秤或水瓶的前十五度，与土星、木星或火星会合、四分或对冲，或它们彼此成这些格局时，都会妨碍药的作用。

Ptolomy in his 56 Centiloquium saith, Cum Luna est in primo quadrangulo, hoc est, ex quo à Solis conjunctione recessit, corporum humiditates ad secundum usque effluunt, in reliquis autem decrescunt. When the Moon is in her first quarter, viz. from her Conjunction with the Sun till the first Quartile, the humours of mans body increase or flow from the inward parts of the body to the outward, in the rest retire or move from the External parts to the Internal; wherefore in the first quarter it is requisite that you know it is most fitting to apply then External evacuations, and afterwards Internal; yet I have ever held it safest to defer Internal potions till after its Opposition with the Sun, or as we vulgarly say, the Full Moon.

托勒密在他的《金言百则》第五十六则里说：月亮在第一个象限时，即从她离开与太阳的会合起，直到第二个象限，身体的湿气向外流出，在其余的象限里则减退。当月亮在她的第一个四分之一，即从她与太阳会合直到第一个四分时，人体的体液增长，或从身体的内部流向外部，在其余的时候则退回，或从外部流向内部；所以在第一个四分之一，你要知道最合宜的是施用外部的排泄之法，此后才施用内部的；不过我一向认为最稳妥的是把内服的药剂推迟到月亮与太阳对冲之后，或照我们俗话说的，满月之后。

Some of the Ancients have approved of Taurus, Virgo, Scorpio and Pisces to be placed on the Ascendent at the time of giving of Purges; others of Cancer, Scorpio or Pisces; and again, some of the latter degrees, or more plainly the last fifteen degrees of Libra, and the first fifteen degrees of Scorpio; also that the Moon should be in one of these places; so that the Learned in this most heavenly study have been of several opinions in this matter; there is none of them but had reasons for their rules, and any of them may be followed according as the case may stand with the Patient, and the humour to be purged; wherefore as Ptolomy in his first Aphorism of his Centiloquium saith, A te & à scientia, so must thou warily consider the state of thy Patient, and the reasons of the Ancients in their practice, which thou wilt soon know when thou art well versed in the nature of the Planets and Signs; wherefore I shall here desire thee to be throughly perfect in the second Treatise of this Volume before thou adventurest too far, and then thou needest not fear to go forwards.

古人中有些人认可在施泻药时把金牛、处女、天蝎和双鱼放在上升；另一些人认可巨蟹、天蝎或双鱼；还有些人认可后段的度数，说得更明白些，即天秤的后十五度和天蝎的前十五度；也认可月亮应在这些位置之一；所以精于这门最属天的学问的人，在这事上有好几种意见；他们没有一个不是有理由支持自己的规则的，其中任何一种都可以按病人的情形和要泻的体液来遵循；所以正如托勒密在他《金言百则》第一则格言里所说：出于你，也出于这门学问，你也必须审慎地考虑病人的状况，以及古人行事的理由，等你精通了行星与星座的本性，很快就会知道；所以我在这里要请你彻底精通本书的第二卷，然后再冒险走得太远，那时你就不必害怕往前走了。

In my practice I have still followed these rules; To place the Ascendent in one of the watry signs, viz. Cancer, Scorpio or Pisces fortunate, as also the Lord thereof, and the Moon in one of the aforesaid signs also, and its dispositor; but especially I have desired if possible to place the Moon in the first 15 degrees of Scorpio, or the last 15 degrees of Libra beholding a Planet under the earth, and free from the aspects of Saturn, Iupiter and Mars; for that Saturn by his coldness doth thicken and make gross the humours, and closing up the pores doth hinder the effect of the Physick;

在我的行医实践中，我一直遵循这些规则；把上升放在一个水象星座，即巨蟹、天蝎或双鱼，吉利，其主星也是，并把月亮也放在上述星座之一，她的定位星也是；但特别是，若可能，我希望把月亮放在天蝎的前十五度，或天秤的后十五度，照看一颗地平之下的行星，并免于土星、木星和火星的相位；因为土星以他的寒冷使体液变稠变粗，闭塞毛孔，妨碍药的效力；

Iupiter his aspects I have (so near as I could) still also avoyded, for that he being hot and moyst, and so consequently a helper or assister of Nature, the Physick working contrary, must needs be either hurtful or of no great efficacy; Mars, for that through his heat and dryness of nature he oftentimes sharpneth the humours to the extraction of blood if the Physick be strong, or when but moderately strong, if the Patient be weak.

木星的相位我也一直（尽我所能）避开，因为他又热又湿，因而是本性的帮手或助手，药的作用与之相反，就必然或有害，或没有多大功效；火星，因为他以热与干的本性，常常使体液变得尖利，以致引出血来，若药力强的话，或者药力只是中等，但病人虚弱的话。

I have also ever shunned those times wherein the Moon doth any-wise behold a Planet above the earth, or a Planet that is retrograde, and those times I find her in Aries, Taurus, Capricorn or the last 15 degrees of Sagittary, for that they rather provoke the Patient to vomiting, although the nature of the Physick be a purge so ordained to work downwards; and this doth often for want of understanding rather increase the disease then diminish it, when Nature is thus weakned by this Combustion of the Physick and Nature, which is assisted by the influence of the superiours, the one working downwards, the other upwards, &c.

我也一向避开月亮以任何方式照看地平之上的行星、或照看逆行行星的时候，以及我发现她在白羊、金牛、摩羯或射手后十五度的时候，因为它们宁可引起病人呕吐，虽然药的本性是泻药，本该往下走；这常常因为不懂而使病加重而不是减轻，因为本性就这样被药与本性的交战削弱了，本性又得到在上者影响的帮助，一个往下走，另一个往上走，等等。

And this my method I collected from the sayings of Hermes and Ptolomy; wherefore for thy better satisfaction I will here give thee their words, and first I will begin with Hermes, for that he is the more ancient, and was Ptolomies predecessor.

我这个方法是从赫密斯和托勒密的话里搜集来的；所以为使你更满意，我要在这里给你他们的原话，先从赫密斯开始，因为他更古老，是托勒密的前辈。

Hermes then in his 74 Aphorism of his Centiloquium saith, Luna existente in signis ruminantibus, vel conjuncta Planetae retrogrado, non est bonum purgationibus uti: haec enim vomitum inferunt, vel alias laesiones. The Moon in such signs as chew the Cud, (which you have heard already are Aries, Taurus, Capricorn, and the last part or 15 degrees of Sagittary) or in Conjunction or Aspect with a retrograde Planet, it is not safe to administer purges, for they cause vomiting or some other mischief.

那么赫密斯在他《百则》的第七十四则格言里说：月亮在反刍的星座，或与逆行行星会合时，用泻药不好：因为这些会引起呕吐或别的伤害。也就是说，月亮在反刍的星座（你已经听过是白羊、金牛、摩羯，以及射手的后段即后十五度），或与逆行行星会合或成相位时，施用泻药不安全，因为它们会引起呕吐或别的祸害。

And Ptolomy in his 21 of his Centiloquium saith, Cum Luna fuerit in Scorpione aut Piscibus, Dominusque Ascendentis stellae sub terram positae copulabitur, bonum est purgationibus uti. Si verò copulatur stellae supra terram constitutae, potionem qui sumpserit evomet. When the Moon is in Scorpio or Pisces, also the Lord of the Ascendent in configuration or Conjunction with a Planet under the earth, it is good to give or use purges. But if either of them be in configuration with a Planet above the earth, the Physick which is given shall be vomited up again.

托勒密在他《金言百则》第二十一则里说：当月亮在天蝎或双鱼，上升主星与位于地平之下的星相连时，用泻药好。但若与位于地平之上的星相连，服药的人会把药剂呕出来。也就是说，当月亮在天蝎或双鱼，上升主星也与地平之下的行星成格局或会合时，给或用泻药好。但若它们中任何一个与地平之上的行星成格局，所给的药就会被呕出来。

Again as touching Iupiter, as I have said, for that I know some will not condescend with me, Ptolomy in his 19 Centiloquium, saith, Vis purgationis hebetatur, cum Luna Jovi fuerit conjuncta. The strength and efficacy of a purge is taken away when the Moon is in Conjunction or configuration of Iupiter.

再者，关于木星，正如我说过的，因为我知道有些人不会同意我，托勒密在他《金言百则》第十九则里说：月亮与木星会合时，泻药的力量就变钝。也就是说，当月亮与木星会合或成格局时，泻药的力量与功效就被夺去。

Haly and Alkindus give directions that the Moon be in the last 15 degrees of Libra, or the first 15 degrees of Scorpio, and that its dispositor or the Lord of that House she is in be strong or well dignified, oriental and in an angle, and the Planet in configuration with him (if any there be) be also fortunate, oriental and in an angle, and that the Lord of the Ascendent be also so posited; and the Moon and they free from the aspects of the Malevolents, especially the Moon, Lord of the Ascendent and the sign scending, and the Moon applying to Venus rather then Iupiter, for that she will further the Physicks operation, and comfort the spirits of the Patient; but Iupiter will so fortifie Nature, that he will hinder the operation and effect of the potion; and let the Moon be received by the fortunes; and if its dispositor be weak, let him be received of the fortunes also by a Sextile or Trine.

哈利和阿尔金迪指示，要月亮在天秤的后十五度或天蝎的前十五度，她的定位星或她所在之庙的主星强或有良好的尊贵，东出且在角宫，与他成格局的行星（若有的话）也吉利、东出、在角宫，上升主星也这样安放；月亮与它们都免于凶星的相位，尤其是月亮、上升主星和上升的星座，月亮入相于金星而不是木星，因为她会促进药的作用，安慰病人的精神；但木星会如此加强本性，以致妨碍药剂的作用与效果；并让月亮受吉星接纳；若她的定位星弱，也让他受吉星以六分或三分接纳。

And if you would purge any particular member, or if the potion be prepared for such an use, observe still what hath been already said, and place the Fortunes in that sign signifying the member of the body, and fortifie the sign as much as you can, and the Lord of the fourth House.

若你要泻某个特定的肢体，或药剂是为这种用途配的，仍要遵守前面已说的，并把吉星放在代表那个身体部位的星座，尽量加强那个星座，以及第四宫的主星。

But if your potion be prepared to cool, heat, moysten or dry, place the Moon and the Lord of the Ascendent in one of the signs signifying the temper you desire or aim at, viz. which is of the nature of the business you intend, and fortifie it; but signs chewing the cud are to be avoyded, as you have heard, &c.

但若你的药剂是配来致冷、生热、致湿或致燥的，就把月亮和上升主星放在代表你所求所图的那种气质的星座之一，即具有你所打算之事性质的星座，并加强它；但如你听过的，反刍星座要避开，等等。

If your purgation be to expel or remove Melancholy, let the Moon be strong and in a Sextile or Trine of Iupiter; but remember to stick fast to what you have already heard in this Election and these subsequent rules; onely let these applications of the Moon be particularly and chiefly followed and observed, &c.

若你的泻药是为了排除或去掉忧郁，就让月亮强，并与木星成六分或三分；但要记住紧紧守住你在这种择日以及后面这些规则中已经听过的；只是要特别、主要地遵循和遵守月亮的这些入相，等等。

As if to purge choler, let her apply by a benevolent aspect to Venus.

如要泻胆汁，让她以吉相位入相于金星。

To purge flegm, let her apply to the Sun. Note that these must be by Electuaries.

要泻黏液，让她入相于太阳。注意，这些必须用舔剂。

Know thou that if the medicine be by potion for any of these, Scorpio is preferred before any of the signs, and to be placed on the Ascendent, or the Moon to be therein when she so applys.

你要知道，若是用药水来治这些中的任何一种，天蝎优于其他任何星座，要放在上升，或在月亮这样入相时让她在其中。

If it be an Electuary, Cancer is to be chosen.

若是舔剂，要选巨蟹。

If Pils, Pisces.

若是丸药，选双鱼。

Know further, if the Moon be in the Ascendent at the time you take the Physick, it causeth unusual swellings in the body.

还要知道，若你服药时月亮在上升，会在身体里引起异常的肿胀。

Let not the Moon and the Lord of the Ascendent be in the fourth House, nor in the eighth, for it causeth destruction: Observe the same in Phlebotomy.

不要让月亮和上升主星在第四宫，也不要在第八宫，因为那会造成毁坏：放血时也要遵守这一条。

Still remember to fortifie your significators, and make them free from the configurations of the Malevolents.

始终要记住加强你的征象星，使它们免于凶星的格局。

Let not the Lord of the eighth, or interficient or killing Planet be in an angle, nor in configuration with any of the significators. These things if thou diligently observest, thou shalt be an artificial workman, and shalt far exceed the chiefest Physician of thy time that is ignorant herein.

不要让第八宫主星，即致死或杀人的行星，在角宫，也不要与任何征象星成格局。这些事你若认真遵守，就会成为一个有技艺的匠人，远远胜过你那个时代不懂此道的首席医生。

If you would purge the spleen, let not Saturn be strong in the Heaven; and give your medicine in the hour of Iupiter, and let him be well dignified and placed or disposed.

你若要泻脾，就不要让土星在天上强；在木星的时辰给药，并让他有良好的尊贵、位置安排得好。

If the liver, let it not be in the hour of Iupiter, or when he is strong, but fortifie Saturn, and let it be in his hour.

若泻肝，就不要在木星的时辰，或他强的时候，而要加强土星，在他的时辰。

If the heart, let not the Sun be strong, neither apply your medicine in his hour; but if he be in the Ascendent, tenth or seventh House, you may safely administer Cordials; but purge not.

若是心，就不要让太阳强，也不要在他的时辰施药；但若他在上升、第十宫或第七宫，你可以安全地施用强心之药；但不要泻。

When Mercury is strong, purge not the lungs.

水星强时，不要泻肺。

When Mars, purge not the gall.

火星强时，不要泻胆囊。

When Venus, purge not the members, or vessels of generation.

金星强时，不要泻生殖的肢体或器官。

When the Moon, purge not the brain.

月亮强时，不要泻脑。

In preparing your medicines you may take any hour except the hours of Saturn and Mars.

在配药时，你可以取任何时辰，只是土星和火星的时辰除外。

Note also that if any of the Infortunes were Lord of the Ascendent of the Patients Nativity, you may make use thereof; for though it may be hurtful to another, it will not be to him, as you have sufficiently heard at the beginning of this third Book.

还要注意，若有凶星是病人本命盘的上升主星，你可以用它；因为它虽可能对别人有害，对他却不会，正如你在本书第三卷开头已经充分听过的。

And thus much concerning the administration of Purges; let us therefore now hear the Elections touching Bathing, and so of using Chirugery and Phlebotomy, and then conclude this Section.

关于施用泻药就讲这么多；那么让我们现在听听关于沐浴的择日，然后是施用外科与放血，然后结束这一节。

CHAP. X. Of Bathing, and Electing a time therefore.

第十章　论沐浴，并为它择时。

THou wilt here beneath finde the most fitting time for Phlebotomie; use the same also for bathing; yet if thou Bathest for health, and the infirmity be cold or moist, and requireth evacuation, let the Moon be in fiery signs, and in good aspect of the Sun; but if hot, let the Moon be in watry signs, in good configuration of Jupiter or Venus.

你在下面会找到最合宜的放血时间；沐浴也用同样的时间；不过若你为健康而沐浴，而病痛是冷或湿的，需要排泄，就让月亮在火象星座，与太阳成吉相位；但若是热的，就让月亮在水象星座，与木星或金星成良好的格局。

If thou doest Bathe for cleanliness, let the Moon be in Libra or Pisces, and in Sextile or Trine of Venus.

若你为洁净而沐浴，让月亮在天秤或双鱼，与金星成六分或三分。

If thou doest Bathe or anoint thy self to remove superfluous hair growing on thy body, let the Moon be in Pisces or Scorpio, in Sextile or Trine of Jupiter, the Sun or Venus, or Quartile, but not bodily joyned in Conjunction with any of them, nor in configuration of Saturn; and if thou canst not put her in those signs, place her in Cancer or Pisces; but by no means in Taurus, Gemini, Virgo, Libra, Capricorn or Aquaries: But if the Patient do not anoint himself, let the Moon be in what sign she will; but if he be anointed, be sure thou place not the Moon in any sign increasing hair, as Aries, Taurus, Leo, and the last part of Sagittary and Capricorn.

若你沐浴或涂抹自己，来除去身上生出的多余毛发，就让月亮在双鱼或天蝎，与木星、太阳或金星成六分或三分，或四分，但不要与它们中的任何一个星体会合，也不与土星成格局；若你不能把她放在这些星座，就放在巨蟹或双鱼；但无论如何不要在金牛、双子、处女、天秤、摩羯或水瓶：但若病人不涂抹自己，月亮在什么星座都可以；但若他涂抹，一定不要把月亮放在任何使毛发增长的星座，如白羊、金牛、狮子，以及射手和摩羯的后段。

CHAP. XI. Of Electing a time for using Chirurgery.

第十一章　论为施行外科择时。

HAve regard in electing a time for using Chirurgery, that the Moon be increasing in light and motion, and in Sextile or Trine of Iupiter, or Venus, and let not Mars be in any aspect with her; and some Authors among the Caldeans hold, that the Moon is more afflicted by Mars when she is increasing in light then diminishing, and by Saturn more when she is diminishing or decreasing then increasing.

在为施行外科择时时，要留意月亮在光与行速上增长，与木星或金星成六分或三分，不要让火星与她成任何相位；迦勒底人中有些作者主张，月亮在光增长时受火星的侵害比亏减时更甚，而亏减或减少时受土星的侵害比增长时更甚。

Let the Moon be in a fixed sign, but not in the sign (or in configuration therewith) that hath signification of the member, if incission be to be made: neither let the Lord of the Ascendent be therein, nor the cusp of the Ascendent, nor the Moon nor Lord of the Ascendent Cadent.

让月亮在固定星座，但若要切开，不要在代表那个肢体的星座（或与它成格局）：上升主星也不要在其中，上升的宫头也不要，月亮和上升主星也不要在果宫。

Fortifie the sign signifying the member and its Lord, and place the Lord of the Ascendent in the ascendent or mid-heaven, free from the configurations of Mars, Note. and let the Moon be free from all manner of impediment; observe these, if thou canst not all the foregoing Rules.

加强代表那个肢体的星座及其主星，并把上升主星放在上升或天顶，免于火星的格局，注意：让月亮免于一切阻碍；若前面的规则你不能全部遵守，就遵守这几条。