卷四·第四节第八至九章　彗星的九种名目，及七曜之性的彗星

CHAP. VIII. Shewing some other names of Comets or Blazing-Stars, and their Portences.

第八章　说明彗星或扫帚星的其他一些名称，及其征兆。

HEre it will not be amiss, if I set down something which I had almost forgot, viz. that Comets and Blazing-Stars seldom are seen, for that it is not an easie matter for the Sun and Planets, (neither is it soon done) to draw up so much dry vapour as is requisite for the composition of such an apparition; and therefore is it also that there doth but one appear at a time, though Aristotle affirmeth there hath been many seen together, and this I must confess is as likely to be true as many other of his stories and tales.

在这里，把我几乎忘了的一点写下来并无不妥，即彗星与扫帚星很少被看见，因为对太阳和行星来说，要吸上构成这样一个显象所需的那么多干蒸气，不是一件容易的事（也不是很快就能做成的）；所以一次也只出现一颗，虽然亚里士多德断言曾有许多颗同时被看见，我必须承认，这和他的许多别的故事传说一样可能是真的。

They are seldom never seen in Winter by reason of the abundance of cold and moist weather that then aboundeth, so that there can be no such dry vapour exhaled by the Sun or Stars, nor in that quantity as is requisite to the composition of such apparitions; neither in Summer, by reason of the excess of heat, or the heat of the Sun which consumes and disperseth the matter whereof they are made, so that it cannot ascend unto that part of the Region of the Ayr wherein they are usually placed; neither in the Spring time, by reason of the abundance of moisture that then reigns, and the want of sufficient heat to elevate so much matter; but in Autumn, especially when Saturn and Mars are in Conjunction, because then the heat that exhales the matter, is more strong.

它们在冬天很少或从不被看见，因为那时寒冷潮湿的天气很多，所以太阳或诸星不能吸出这样的干蒸气，也不能吸出构成这样的显象所需的那么多；夏天也不见，因为过度的热，或太阳的热把构成它们的物质耗散了，以致它不能升到它们通常所在的那部分空气中；春天也不见，因为那时湿气很盛，又缺乏足够的热来把那么多物质抬上去；而是在秋天，尤其当土星与火星会合时，因为那时吸出物质的热更强。

Father note, that some Comets are white, some again red, which ariseth from the divers nature and qualit of the matter whereof they are; for pure thin exhalations produce a white, clear and bright Comet; when it is more gross and impure, red, and these appear like burning coals; but when the matter whereof they are is very gross, they appear as red as Scarlet or blood; wherefore the Antients have assigned them unto the several Planets according to their complexions; for such as are Saturnian, are pale, wan and of a leaden colour like unto Saturn; Jovial, bright; Martial, red; Solar, golden or yellow; Venereal, obscure; Mercurial, blews, &c.

再者要注意，有些彗星是白的，有些又是红的，这出于构成它们的物质的不同本性与性质；因为纯净稀薄的蒸气生出白色、清朗、明亮的彗星；物质较粗较不纯时，是红色，看来像燃烧的炭；但当构成它们的物质非常粗浊时，它们看来红如猩红或鲜血；所以古人依它们的气色把它们分配给各个行星；因为属土星的，苍白、灰暗、铅色，像土星；属木星的，明亮；属火星的，红；属太阳的，金色或黄色；属金星的，昏暗；属水星的，蓝色，等等。

Such as are like the hairs of a mans head (as you have heard) are more condensed and thick in the middle, but about the edges more rare; those resembling beards, have their extreams more rare and dispersed; and those that are much extended in length, are more rare and subtil.

像人头发的那些（如你所听过的）中间较浓密，边缘较稀疏；像胡须的，其两端较稀疏散开；那些伸得很长的，则较稀薄细微。

The Antients have delivered moreover these nine following several Comets or Blazing-Stars, and their virtues or Portences which I could no wise omit being so necessary to Instruction.

此外，古人还传下了以下九种不同的彗星或扫帚星，以及它们的效力或征兆，这对教导这样必要，我万不能略去。

The first then is called Veru, for that it resembleth a spit, or dart, and appeareth in the day time very terrible to the beholders: It denotes a scarcity of fruit both of the Earth and trees; mutations in Church and State, grievous slaughters and the death of Kings, Nobles and such as are of their adherence.

第一种叫「烤叉」，因为它像一把烤叉或一支投枪，在白天出现，令看见的人非常恐惧：它表示地上和树上果实的匮乏；教会与国家的变动，惨烈的杀戮，国王、贵族及其追随者的死亡。

The second, Tenaculum, of the colour of Mars, and hath raies under it like the flames of burning coals: it signifieth there shall not be such plenty as formerly, yet not famine; wars also are thereby stirred up to the great prejudice of the godlier sort of people who shall be very forward therein.

第二种，「钳」，是火星的颜色，下面有像燃烧的炭火焰那样的光：它表示不会像以前那样丰足，但不致饥荒；它也会激起战争，大大损害那些较虔诚的人，他们会非常热衷于此。

The third, Pertica, which sometimes emitts obscure raies, and again at other times bright; this denotes a drought both of the Earth and Waters; and a scarcity of Provisions; the which if corporally joined to any Planet signifyeth events according to the nature of that Planet (the nature of every Planet you have been taught before) as if it be joined to Saturn, there shall be mortalities, troubles to old men, and those of the religious Orders: to Jupiter it extends its effects to Kings and Grandees whether good or bad according to their fortitudes; to Mars, many wars, tumults, slaughters and effusion of bloud; to the Sun it will not appear by reason of the Suns splendour, yet it portends the death of Kings and many tribulations, plagues, and sicknesses; to Venus, it signifies drought, and a diminution of great waters; to Mercury, it denotes the death of young men, wits and ingenuous souls; to the Moon, it signifies death and grievous mortality to men, especially common people.

第三种，「长竿」，有时放出昏暗的光，有时又是明亮的；它表示地与水的干旱；以及粮食的匮乏；若它与任何行星体合，就依那颗行星的本性表示事件（每颗行星的本性你前面已经学过）比如若与土星相合，会有死亡，老人与修会之人受扰：与木星，它的效应及于国王与权贵，是吉是凶依其力量而定；与火星，许多战争、骚乱、杀戮与流血；与太阳，它会因太阳的光辉而不得见，但仍预示国王之死以及许多苦难、瘟疫与疾病；与金星，表示干旱，大水减少；与水星，表示年轻人、才智之士与聪敏之人的死亡；与月亮，表示人的死亡与沉重的死亡，尤其是平民。

The fourth Miles, consecrated to Venus, and hath an hairy tail or main, emitting Moon-like beams or rayes; it signifieth mischief to Kings, Nobles and Great men, and that men shall rise that will endeavour to alter the Laws and antient Customs, and set up new; but the greatest evil portended thereby will be incident to those places towards which it extends its tail or rayes; it denotes also wars.

第四种「武士」，献给金星，有毛发般的尾或鬃，放出像月光一样的光芒；它表示国王、贵族与大人物受害，会有人起来图谋改变法律与古老的习俗，另立新的；但它所预示的最大的凶，会落在它的尾或光芒所伸向的那些地方；它也表示战争。

The fifth Ceruleus, of a blew or azure colour, appropriated to Mercury, it denotes the death of Kings and Grandees, Nobles such as are chief Rulers, and chiefly towards the part towards which it extends its rayes; also wars.

第五种「天蓝」，蓝色或天青色，归属水星，它表示国王与权贵、贵族即主要统治者的死亡，主要在它的光芒所伸向的那一方；也有战争。

The sixth Aurora five Matutina, assigned to Mars, it hath a tale, and is of a fiery complexion; when it appeareth towards the East, bending its head downwards, it signifies war, combustions, fire and sword, pestilence and famine in Arabia and Egypt, drought and a scarcity of waters, and this shall extend also to the Western Regions

第六种「曙光」或「晨星」，归属火星，它有一条尾，是火的气色；当它出现在东方，头向下弯时，表示在阿拉伯与埃及有战争、火灾、兵火、瘟疫与饥荒，干旱与缺水，这也会延及西方各地

The seventh Argentum sive Argenteus, and this is the brightest and clearest of all Comets; it hath pure bright beams; when it appears, Jupiter being then in Cancer or Pisces, it promiseth abundance of corn and fruit in those parts where it appeared; but if Jupiter be then in Scorpio, it will not be altogether so good.

第七种「银」或「银色者」，这是一切彗星中最明亮最清朗的；它有纯净明亮的光芒；它出现时，若木星那时在巨蟹或双鱼，它许诺在它出现的那些地方谷物与果实丰足；但若木星那时在天蝎，就不会全然那么好。

The eighth Rosa, this is a great round Comet, and is of the form and similitude of of a man, it causeth the death of Kings, Great, Noble and Rich men, and the alteration of things.

第八种「玫瑰」，这是一颗大而圆的彗星，形状与样子像一个人，它造成国王、大人物、贵族与富人的死亡，以及事物的变更。

The ninth and last Niger, appropriated to Saturn, being in colour like unto him; it denotes mortality both natural and also by the sword, beheadings and the like.

第九种也是最后一种「黑」，归属土星，颜色像他；它表示自然的死亡与刀兵之死，斩首之类。

If a Comet appear in the Ascendent of any Town, Note. Kingdom, City, Family, or in the Ascendent of the Revolution of the World, it signifieth destruction of the things signified by the Ascendent and the sign thereof; and if it appear in the sign of the mid-Heaven at the time of any of these, it bringeth danger to such as are promoted to honour.

若彗星出现在任何城镇、王国、城市、家族的上升，请注意，或在世界回归盘的上升，它表示上升及其星座所主之事物的毁灭；若在这些盘中的任一张里，它出现在中天的星座，就给升任荣职的人带来危险。

Comets appearing in earthy signs, denote sterility through drought; in watry, through abundance of rain and floods, and causeth also Pestilence; in aiery, they promise Winds, Seditions and Pestilence, yet not alwayes Plagues; in fiery, Wars, slaughters and commotions.

彗星出现在土象星座，表示因干旱而不毛；在水象，因雨水过多与洪水而不毛，也引起瘟疫；在风象，它们许诺风、叛乱与瘟疫，但不总是大疫；在火象，战争、杀戮与动乱。

CHAP. IX. Of the signification of Comets and Blazing-Stars appropriated to the seven Planets.

第九章　论分属七颗行星的彗星与扫帚星的征象。

REceive these Rule following, as from the Chaldeans, Arabians, and such as were very expert in these matters in former Ages.

接受下面这些规则，就当是来自迦勒底人、阿拉伯人，以及前代在这些事上非常精通的人。

Wherefore know, that if any Comet of the nature and complexion of Saturn appear in the Ascendent of the Revolution of the World, it denotes many evils, Famine, Pestilence, Banishment, Want, Anxiety, terrour and trouble, Chronick diseases, and Melancholy distempers, Catarrs, Quartane Agues, Falling Sickness, Leprosies, Palsies, Cancers, and those diseases which are of continuance, lingring Consumptions, and the like; destruction to Beasts appertaining to the use of man; excessive cold weather in winter; Note.

所以要知道，若任何具土星之本性与气色的彗星出现在世界回归盘的上升，就表示许多祸害，饥荒、瘟疫、放逐、匮乏、焦虑、恐惧与麻烦，慢性病与忧郁之疾，黏膜炎、四日热、癫痫、麻风、瘫痪、癌，以及那些持久不愈的疾病，缠绵的消耗病之类；供人使用的牲畜毁灭；冬天过度寒冷的天气；请注意。

(but you are still to remember the Nature of the Climate; for this inordinate cold in Aethiopia will cause but a temperate Ayr, &c. and therefore this is to be understood of these Northern parts,) clouds, frost and snow, strong and high winds, tempests, shipwracks, destruction of Fish, as also of Fruit by Caterpillers, Locusts, and such like Vermine; great Inundations and storms, to the anoyance of Cattel, and all things, Men and Kingdoms under the Dominion of Saturn shall suffer detriment, and be in danger of destruction.

（但你还要记住气候带的本性；因为这样失常的寒冷在埃塞俄比亚只会造成温和的空气，等等，所以这要理解为是对这些北方地区而言，）云、霜与雪，猛烈的大风，风暴，沉船，鱼类毁灭，果实也被毛虫、蝗虫之类的害虫所毁；大洪水与暴风雨，使牲畜受扰，一切在土星辖下的事物、人与王国都会受损，有毁灭之险。

Such as are of a silver colour, bright and of great splendor, and of the nature of Jupiter, cause a plentiful year when they appear in the Ascendent (as you have heard) wholsome blasts of Ayr with many seasonable showers especially if it be a watry sign; it denotes also such infirmities as are of the nature of Jupiter (which you have heard in the second Book of this Volume) and many alterations and changes in such Kingdoms, Regions and Places subject unto him, the which I have there also at large set down.

那些银色、明亮、光辉很大、具木星之本性的，出现在上升时（如你所听过的），造成丰年，有益健康的气流与许多合时的阵雨，尤其若那是水象星座；它也表示具木星本性的那些疾病（你已在本书第二卷听过），以及在他所辖的王国、地区与地方有许多变动与改变，这些我也已在那里详细写过。

Those Comets which you have heard we have understood by the names of Veru and Pertica are of the nature of Mars, wherefore they denote horrible winds, storms, and tempests, a drought of Fountains, and a destruction of Fruit by corruption, and all the diseases portended by Mars; &c. frequent Thundering and Lightnings to the destruction of many Ship at Sea, wrath, quarrels, heart-burnings, slaughters and blood-shed amongst men; tumults, seditions and wars, alterations of Kingdoms, Laws, Government and Customs, and such like evils appropriated to the nature of Mars, and the shall chiefly be incident to such men as are under his Dominion, Towns, Cities, Kingdoms and Places, as also to those parts towards which the Comet extendeth its tayl as you have heard.

你所听过的那些我们以「烤叉」与「长竿」之名所指的彗星，具火星的本性，所以它们表示可怕的风、暴风与风暴，泉水干涸，果实因腐坏而毁，以及火星所预示的一切疾病，等等；频繁的雷电，使海上许多船只毁坏，人与人之间的愤怒、争吵、积恨、杀戮与流血；骚乱、叛乱与战争，王国、法律、政府与习俗的变更，以及诸如此类属于火星本性的祸害，这些主要会落在他辖下的人、城镇、城市、王国与地方，以及彗星伸出其尾的那些地方，如你所听过的。

Comets and Blazing-Stars of the nature and complexion of the Sun, denote the death of Kings, Great men and Nobles in those parts they appear, and in that Kingdom or Nation under the Ascendent of that sign where in they appear, and for which the Revolution is made (when they are seen in the Ascendent thereof;) also alterations in Government to the better; continall and dayly tumults also war, drought, and such infirmities and are solar, and those chiefly to solar men, and to such places as are under his Dominion.

具太阳之本性与气色的彗星与扫帚星，表示国王、大人物与贵族在它们出现的那些地方死亡，也在它们出现的那个星座为上升、作回归所为的那个王国或民族（当它们出现在其上升时；）还有政体变得更好的变更；持续而天天发生的骚乱，还有战争、干旱，以及属太阳的那些疾病，这些主要落在太阳之人身上，以及他所辖的地方。

Such as are appropriated unto Venus, shew their Effects on Fruits and in Waters, and cause change and mutations in the World, alterations of the Laws, Customs and Priviledges of Men; damage and detriment to Women, Nuns, and Matrons, chiefly in their Stomach, Secrets and Reins, &c. All infirmities signified by Venus are threatned, to those especially that are under her rule, and also to those places subject unto her.

那些归属金星的，把效应显示在果实与水上，引起世上的变化与变动，人的法律、习俗与特权的改变；妇女、修女与主妇受害受损，主要在她们的胃、隐处与肾，等等。金星所表示的一切疾病都受威胁，尤其对那些在她统治之下的人，以及属她的那些地方。

Mercurial Comets occasion the death of some Great man (still remember this is where they have Dominion) grievous calamities, War, Pestilence and Famine, Destruction, Tribulation, Anxiety, trouble and sadness to Mercurialists, and Ingenuous and wise men, and such as are ruled by Mercury, and grievous trouble and sorrow to such places as are subject unto him, and the sign wherein the Comet appears, and places to which it extends it self, and where it is visible it sends Mercuriall diseases.

属水星的彗星造成某个大人物的死亡（仍要记住，这是在它们有主宰之处）沉重的灾祸、战争、瘟疫与饥荒、毁灭、苦难、焦虑，给水星之人、聪敏智慧的人、以及受水星所管的人带来麻烦与悲伤，给属他的那些地方、彗星出现的星座、它伸向的那些地方带来沉重的麻烦与悲痛，在能看见它的地方，它送来水星之病。

Lunar Comets chiefly manifest their significations on women and common people; as also to all such as are under her rule, whether Towns, Cities, Kingdoms or Nations; they particularly denote troubles, alteration of the Laws, Customs and Rites Sterility and Wars, all infirmities signified by the Moon, and those chiefly to such as are by her governed, &c.

属月亮的彗星主要把其征象显示在妇女与平民身上；也在一切她统治之下的，不论城镇、城市、王国还是民族；它们特别表示麻烦，法律、习俗与礼仪的改变，不毛与战争，月亮所表示的一切疾病，主要落在受她管辖的人身上，等等。

Note also, that if a Comet extends its self towards Saturn, (viz. its raies or tail) it portends the destruction of the fruits of the Earth, and a scarcity or Famine; towards Jupiter, wrath and destruction to Kings, and the Grandees of the Earth; towards Mars, grievous and terrible sicknesses, wars, slaughters and blood-shed, and the alteration of Kingdoms; towards the Sun, the death and destructions of Kings and Government; towards Venus, the death of Great and Noble women, and damage to such things as appertain unto them; towards Mercury, much consumption of wealth, with shame and infamy; towards the Moon, troubles and shame to the People in general.

还要注意，若彗星向土星伸展（即它的光芒或尾），预示地上果实的毁灭，匮乏或饥荒；向木星，国王与地上权贵遭怒与毁灭；向火星，沉重可怕的疾病、战争、杀戮、流血与王国的变更；向太阳，国王与政权的死亡与毁灭；向金星，伟大高贵的妇女死亡，属于她们的事物受损；向水星，财富大量耗费，并有羞耻与恶名；向月亮，一般人民的麻烦与羞辱。