卷一·第五章　行星的日行与逐时推算

Of the daily motion of the Planets, and how to reduce their motion to any houre of the day, and to the Meridian of London.

论行星的日行，以及如何把它们的运行推算到当天任一时刻，并推算到伦敦的子午线。

We have seldome occasion to erect a Scheame of Heaven just at noon, to which time the motions of the Planets are exactly calculated, and need not any rectification; but usually all Questions are made either some hours before, or after noon; therfore it is needfull you know how to take their diurnall or daily motion, or how many degrees or min. they move in 24 hours, that thereby you may have a proportion to adde to the place of your Planets according to the hour of the day or night when you set your Figure:

我们很少有机会恰好在正午起盘，行星的运行正是按正午精确算出的，那时无需任何校正；通常所有的问事都是在正午之前或之后若干小时提出的；所以你需要知道怎样求它们的日行，即它们二十四小时里走多少度多少分，这样你才有一个比例，可以按起盘时白天或夜里的钟点，加到行星的位置上：

And although in horary Questions, it occasioneth no error (except in the motion of the ☽) yet I thought fit to instruct the Learner herewith, that so he may know how to doe his work handsomely. Example.

虽然在卜卦问事里这不会造成误差（月亮的运行除外），我还是认为应该把这一点教给学习者，好让他知道怎样把功课做得漂亮。举例。

You must set downe the place of your Planet in Signe, degree and minute as you find him at noon; and if your Planet be direct, you must substract him in degree and minute from the place he is in the day subsequent: but when a Planet is retrograde, you must doe the contrary, viz. substract the motion of your Planet the day subsequent from the day going before.

你要写下你的行星在正午时所在的星座、度、分；如果行星顺行，就用他次日所在的位置减去这一天的度分；但行星逆行时，就要反过来做，即用前一天的位置减去次日的位置。

Example:

例：

[Daily motion is 2. min.] January 7. at noon, ♄ is 28 0 ♈

［日行二分。］一月七日正午，土星在白羊二十八度零分

January 6. at noon, ♄ is 27 58

一月六日正午，土星在二十七度五十八分

Here you see the daily motion of ♄ is onely two minutes.

这里你看到，土星的日行只有两分。

[Daily motion is 6. min.] Jan. 6. ♃ R 27 40 ♊

［日行六分。］一月六日，木星逆行，在双子二十七度四十分

Jan. 7. ♃ 27 34

一月七日，木星在二十七度三十四分

Ian. 7. ♂ is in 14 41 ♑

一月七日，火星在摩羯十四度四十一分

Ian. 6. ♂ is in 13 55

一月六日，火星在十三度五十五分

46

四十六分

So the diurnall motion of ♂ is 46. min.

所以火星的日行是四十六分。

Ian. 7. ☉ is in 27 40 ♑

一月七日，太阳在摩羯二十七度四十分

Ian. 6. ☉ is in 26 39

一月六日，太阳在二十六度三十九分

1 01

一度一分

The daily motion of the ☉ is one derg. and one min.

太阳的日行是一度一分。

Ian. 7. ♀ is in 12 2 ♓

一月七日，金星在双鱼十二度二分

Ian. 6. ♀ is in 10 53

一月六日，金星在十度五十三分

1 9

一度九分

The daily motion of ♀ is 1. degr. and 9. min.

金星的日行是一度九分。

Jan. 7. ☿ is in 14 45 ♒

一月七日，水星在水瓶十四度四十五分

Jan. 6. ☿ is in 13 18

一月六日，水星在十三度十八分

1 27

一度二十七分

So the diurnall motion of ☿ is 1. degr. 27. min.

所以水星的日行是一度二十七分。

Jan. 7. ☽ is in 3 1 ♒

一月七日，月亮在水瓶三度一分

Jan. 6. ☽ is in 20 54 ♑

一月六日，月亮在摩羯二十度五十四分

Substract 20. degr. 54. min of ♑ from 30. degr. the complement of a Signe, and there rest 9. degr. 6. min. which added to 3. degr. 1. min. of ♒, make the diurnall motion of the ☽ to be 12 degr. and 7. min. The work had been easier, but that the ☽ was removed into another Signe before the day subsequent at noon.

用一个星座的全数三十度减去摩羯二十度五十四分，余九度六分，加上水瓶三度一分，得月亮的日行为十二度七分。要不是月亮在次日正午之前已经移进另一个星座，这道算式本来会更容易。

Jan. 6. ☊ is in 11 10 ♌

一月六日，龙头在狮子十一度十分

Jan. 7. ☊ is in 10 24

一月七日，龙头在十度二十四分

46

四十六分

The motion of the ☊ is 46. min. whom you must carefully observe, for he sometimes moves forward in the Signe, sometimes backward, which you may easily perceive by the Ephemeris, without further instruction.

龙头的运行是四十六分；你必须仔细留意他，因为他在星座里有时向前走，有时向后退，这从星历上一看便知，不必再多指点。

How to find the quantity of the hourly motion of any Planet by the Table following.

如何用下面的表求出任一行星每小时运行的量。

In every Figure you set, the place of the Planets ought to be rectified to the hour of the setting the Figure, especially the place of the ☽, because of her swift motion; in the Planets you need not be scrupulous, but take whole degrees without sensible error, or indeed any at all: this I meane in Questions; but in Nativities, you are to have the places of them exactly to degrees and minutes; and above all, the motion of the Sun to minutes and seconds, because by his motion we set the yeerly revolutions of Nativities.

你起的每一张盘，行星的位置都应当校正到起盘的时刻，尤其是月亮的位置，因为她走得快；其他行星你不必太拘泥，取整度就行，不会有可觉察的误差，其实根本没有误差：这是就问事而言；但在本命盘里，你必须把它们的位置精确到度和分；最要紧的是太阳的运行要精确到分和秒，因为本命的每年回归盘是按他的运行来起的。

I shall onely deliver the practice of two or three Examples, and leave the rest to the diligence of every Learner. The Table followeth.

我只演示两三个例子，其余留给每位学习者自己用功。表如下。

In the preceding Scheam of the sixt of Ian. you find the diurnall motion of the Sun to be 61 min. or one deg. one min. in the very last line of this Table I find 61, over the head of it deg. min. but over against 61 to the right hand, I find 2 32 30, which tels you, that the hourly motion of the Sun is, 2 min. 32 seconds, and thirty thirds, as you may see in the upper part of the column over the heads of the figures.

在前面一月六日那张盘里，你查到太阳的日行是六十一分，即一度一分；在这张表的最后一行我找到六十一，它头上写着「度、分」，而在六十一右边对着的，我查到二、三十二、三十，这告诉你太阳每小时的运行是二分三十二秒，又三十个「微」，你从这几个数字所在栏的顶端可以看出来。

The daily motion of ♂ is 46 min. in the Figure abovenamed; I enter downe the first column, and find 46, against it I find 1 min. 55 seconds to be one hours motion of ♂, when in 24 hours he moves 46 min.

在上面提到的那张盘里，火星的日行是四十六分；我沿第一栏往下找到四十六，对着它我查到一分五十五秒，就是火星在二十四小时走四十六分时一小时的运行。

You must note, if you enter with minutes, you must have minutes, if with seconds, seconds; and so in the rest: This is the motion of ♄ ♃ ♂ ☉ ♀ ☿; with the ☽ otherwayes.

你必须注意：如果你用分去查，得到的也是分；用秒去查，得到的就是秒；其余照此。这是土星、木星、火星、太阳、金星、水星的求法；月亮则另有做法。

If the motion of your Planet be above 61 min. viz. 70 or 75 or 80 min. then enter the Table twice: as for example.

如果你的行星的运行超过六十一分，即七十、七十五或八十分，就要查表两次，举例如下。

The motion of ☿ is, as you perceive, 1 degr. and 27 min. I would know what his hourly motion is, I enter first with 60 min. against which I find 2 30, viz. 2 min. 30 seconds, then I enter with 27, against which I find 1 7 30, viz. 1 min. 7 seconds, thirty thirds, which I cast away, and adde the two former summes together thus,

你看到，水星的运行是一度二十七分。我想知道他每小时走多少，先拿六十分去查，对着它查到二、三十，即二分三十秒；再拿二十七去查，对着它查到一、七、三十，即一分七秒又三十微，那三十微我舍去不要，然后把前两个和数这样加在一起，

2 30

二分三十秒

1 7

一分七秒

3 37

三分三十七秒

added together they make 3 min. 37 seconds, and so much is the hourly motion of ☿, when his diurnall motion is 87 minutes.

加起来是三分三十七秒，这就是水星日行八十七分时每小时的运行。

The daily motion of the ☽ you see is 12 degr. and 7 min.

你看到月亮的日行是十二度七分。

I enter downe the first column with 12, against it I find 0 30 0, viz. 0 degr. 30 min. 0 seconds.

我拿十二沿第一栏往下找，对着它查到零、三十、零，即零度三十分零秒。

I enter with 7, over againh it I find 0 17 30

我拿七去查，对着它查到零、十七、三十。

I adde the number to it 30 0 0

我把前面那个数加上去：三十、零、零

they produce 30 min. 17 seconds, and 30 thirds for the hourly motion of the ☽ in our figure: you may in her operation reject the seconds and thirds.

合起来得三十分十七秒又三十微，就是我们这张盘里月亮每小时的运行；算月亮时你可以舍去秒和微。

By this rule I would know where the true place of the ☉ is at that hour when we erected the Figure.

照这条规则，我想知道我们起盘那一刻太阳的真实位置在哪里。

The hour of the day is 1 30, the time admitted by Eichstadius for reducing his Ephemeris to the Meridian of London, is 50 min. of an hour in motion, for they being more East then we, the ☉ comes sooner to them at their noon, then to us that are more West-ward, by so much time: I adde 50 min. to my former time, viz. 1 30, the whole is then 2 hours 20 min. now if the motion of the ☉ in one hour be 2 min. 32 seconds, then in two hours it will be 2 min. 32 seconds more:

当天的时刻是一时三十分；艾希施塔迪乌斯把他的星历换算到伦敦子午线时所认的时差，是一小时中的五十分钟，因为他们比我们偏东，太阳到他们那里的正午比到我们这些偏西的人早这么多时间：我把五十分钟加到我前面的时刻，即一时三十分上，合共两小时二十分；那么，如果太阳一小时走二分三十二秒，两小时就再走二分三十二秒：

added together they are 5 min. 4 seconds: Which being added to the place of the ☉ at noon, maketh the true place of the ☉ at time of erection of the Figure, 26 deg. 44 min. and 4 sec. of ♑; there is 20 min. of one hour more but because they produce nothing of consequence, I omit further trouble herein.

加起来是五分四秒：把它加到太阳正午的位置上，就得到起盘时太阳的真实位置，摩羯二十六度四十四分四秒；还有一小时中的二十分钟，但因为它算不出什么要紧的东西，我就不再费事了。

The place of the ☽ the same day at noon is 20 54 ♑; if you adde her motion in two hours, you shall see it will be twice 30 min. viz. one whole degr. and then her true place will be 21 54 ♑.

同一天正午月亮在摩羯二十度五十四分；你加上她两小时的运行，就会看到那是两个三十分，即整整一度，于是她的真实位置是摩羯二十一度五十四分。

We that set many Figures, never care for this exactnesse, but use this generall rule; In the motion of the ☉ ♀ and ☿, if the Figure be set six or seven hours after noon, we adde about 15 min. to their places at noon, and so allowing for every six hours 15 min. motion.

我们这些起盘很多的人，从不在意这种精确，而是用这条通则：太阳、金星、水星的运行，如果盘是在午后六七个小时起的，我们就在它们正午的位置上加大约十五分，每六小时都按十五分的运行来算。

Because the ☽ goeth 12, 13 or 14 degr. in one day, we constantly adde to her place at noon 3 degr. for every six hours, and some min. over; doe so with the other Planets according to their diurne motion: He that would doe them more exact, may work them by multiplication and division, or procure some old Ephemeris, wherein there is usually large proportionall Tables concerning this businesse.

因为月亮一天走十二、十三或十四度，我们一贯每六小时在她正午的位置上加三度，再多几分；其他行星也照它们的日行这样做：谁想做得更精确，可以用乘法和除法来算，或者找一本旧星历，那里面通常有讲这件事的大比例表。

Now as I have acquainted you, that in motion of the Planets you must in a Nativity or Question, if you please, allow the Planets so much to be added unto their place at noon as can be got in 50 min. of an hour, so you must obseve the contrary in the Aspects: As for example:

我已告诉你，在本命或问事里，如果你愿意，可以让行星在正午的位置上加上一小时中五十分钟所能走的量；那么在相位上，你就必须反过来做：举例如下。

The sixt of January you find ☽ in □ ♄ 14 P.M. viz. the ☽ comesto the □ aspect of ♄ at 14 hours after the noon of the sixt day of January, or at two of the clock the next morning on the seventh day: now you must subduct 50 min. of an hour from 14 hours, and then the true time of the ☽ her perfect □ to ♄ with us at London, is at 13 hours and 10 min. after noon: doe so in all the Aspects &c.

一月六日你查到月亮四分土星，午后十四时，即月亮在一月六日正午后十四小时到达与土星的四分相，也就是七日凌晨两点：现在你必须从十四小时减去一小时中的五十分钟，那么月亮与土星正好成四分的真正时刻，在我们伦敦是午后十三时十分：所有相位都这样做，等等。